99,514 research outputs found

    Competition, Trade, and the Antitrust Division: 1981

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    One of the primary purposes-some would say the primary pur- pose--of antitrust laws is to promote efficient allocation of resources and maximum consumer choice by preventing and punishing artificial barriers to competition and unreasonable restraints of trade.\u27 The An- titrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice has therefore con- cerned itself with the task of breaking down those barriers. In the domestic field, this policy has traditionally taken the form of prosecut- ing persons and corporations who engage in price fixing or market divi- sion, or who obtain or maintain monopoly power by means of abusive practices. More recently, the Antitrust Division, while continuing its attack on private restraints, has opened a second front by seeking to narrow the scope of, or to abolish government regulations which em- body or facilitate restrictions on competition

    Competition, Trade, and the Antitrust Division: 1981

    Get PDF
    One of the primary purposes-some would say the primary pur- pose--of antitrust laws is to promote efficient allocation of resources and maximum consumer choice by preventing and punishing artificial barriers to competition and unreasonable restraints of trade.\u27 The An- titrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice has therefore con- cerned itself with the task of breaking down those barriers. In the domestic field, this policy has traditionally taken the form of prosecut- ing persons and corporations who engage in price fixing or market divi- sion, or who obtain or maintain monopoly power by means of abusive practices. More recently, the Antitrust Division, while continuing its attack on private restraints, has opened a second front by seeking to narrow the scope of, or to abolish government regulations which em- body or facilitate restrictions on competition

    Nonperturbative Light-Front QCD

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    In this work the determination of low-energy bound states in Quantum Chromodynamics is recast so that it is linked to a weak-coupling problem. This allows one to approach the solution with the same techniques which solve Quantum Electrodynamics: namely, a combination of weak-coupling diagrams and many-body quantum mechanics. The key to eliminating necessarily nonperturbative effects is the use of a bare Hamiltonian in which quarks and gluons have nonzero constituent masses rather than the zero masses of the current picture. The use of constituent masses cuts off the growth of the running coupling constant and makes it possible that the running coupling never leaves the perturbative domain. For stabilization purposes an artificial potential is added to the Hamiltonian, but with a coefficient that vanishes at the physical value of the coupling constant. The weak-coupling approach potentially reconciles the simplicity of the Constituent Quark Model with the complexities of Quantum Chromodynamics. The penalty for achieving this perturbative picture is the necessity of formulating the dynamics of QCD in light-front coordinates and of dealing with the complexities of renormalization which such a formulation entails. We describe the renormalization process first using a qualitative phase space cell analysis, and we then set up a precise similarity renormalization scheme with cutoffs on constituent momenta and exhibit calculations to second order. We outline further computations that remain to be carried out. There is an initial nonperturbative but nonrelativistic calculation of the hadronic masses that determines the artificial potential, with binding energies required to be fourth order in the coupling as in QED. Next there is a calculation of the leading radiative corrections to these masses, which requires our renormalization program. Then the real struggle of finding the right extensions to perturbation theory to study the strong-coupling behavior of bound states can begin.Comment: 56 pages (REVTEX), Report OSU-NT-94-28. (figures not included, available via anaonymous ftp from pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu in subdirectory pub/infolight/qcd

    XR Academia:Research and Experiences in Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Mixed Reality, and Artificial Intelligence in Latin America and Europe

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    The book XR Academia: Research and Experiences in Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Mixed Reality, and Artificial Intelligence in Latin America and Europe, has at its core the objective of making immersive technology accessible and visible worldwide, with the simultaneous breaking-down of linguistic barriers. Both European and Latin American authors can read each other’s work(s), allowing knowledge and experience in extended reality to be shared. Another important aspect of XR Academia is its attempt to introduce an open science contribution to the issues of immersive technologies, in order to inspire new generations that do not have access to increasingly expensive publications. This volume includes fourteen selected chapters from presenters from the 2020 and 2021 events. These chapters describe research and experiences on a wide range of XR applications, which include entertainment, health, narration, education, psychotherapy, guidance, language, culture and arts. Considering that great inventions and innovations are developed in Latin America but fail to be published internationally, our aim was to open a door to allow the permanent exchange between two languages: Spanish and English

    Coherent Resonant Tunneling Through an Artificial Molecule

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    Coherent resonant tunneling through an artificial molecule of quantum dots in an inhomogeneous magnetic field is investigated using an extended Hubbard model. Both the multiterminal conductance of an array of quantum dots and the persistent current of a quantum dot molecule embedded in an Aharanov-Bohm ring are calculated. The conductance and persistent current are calculated analytically for the case of a double quantum dot and numerically for larger arrays using a multi-terminal Breit-Wigner type formula, which allows for the explicit inclusion of inelastic processes. Cotunneling corrections to the persistent current are also investigated, and it is shown that the sign of the persistent current on resonance may be used to determine the spin quantum numbers of the ground state and low-lying excited states of an artificial molecule. An inhomogeneous magnetic field is found to strongly suppress transport due to pinning of the spin-density-wave ground state of the system, and giant magnetoresistance is predicted to result from the ferromagnetic transition induced by a uniform external magnetic field.Comment: 23 pages, 12 figure

    Protection of Foreign Investments

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