Breadth, Depth, and Competition

In a spatial model of both horizontal and vertical differentiation where an agent can occupy an interval rather than a point on the Hotelling line, one can examine the trade-off between depth (a narrow high quality position) and breadth (a wide low quality range). In particular, the extent of depth or breadth can be non-monotonic in the strength of competition

Breadth and Depth of Main Technology Fields: An empirical investigation using patent data

Recently work on technological change has emphasized the importance and implications of different knowledge bases among industries in terms of innovative potential. In some industries, products and processes have become more complex, as well as there appears to be increased convergence in some market segments. Although increasing attention has been given to features of knowledge bases, there have been limited empirical research on how to measure them. In this paper a method is proposed to measure empirically the breadth and depth dimensions of main technology fields, sectors and firms in the economy. For this purpose, we measure the knowledge bases of 30 main technology fields by using the concepts of breadth and depth. Breadth corresponds to the range of different subjects that a technology field draws upon. Depth refers to the extent to which a certain field is exploited in detail. We position the main technology fields in the breadth and depth space by utilizing the EPO (European Patent Office) database between 1978-2000. We also present the evolution of breadth and depth through time, as well as the breadth and depth dimensions of 40 largest firms in biotechnology and telecommunications. Our results reveal that the both technology fields and firms are largely scattered in the breadth and depth space. Biotechnology stands out to have the highest breadth and depth.Patents, Breadth and depth, technology fields, knowledge base.

The Depth and Breadth of John Bell's Physics

John Bell's investigations in foundations of quantum mechanics, particle physics, and quantum field theory are recalled.Comment: 46 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX; editorial corrections; email correspondence to R. Jackiw <[email protected]

Regional asset indicators : entrepreneurship breadth and depth

Economic development

Modelling global diffusion.

This paper presents a general model of global diffusion processes. The approach recognizes 'breadth' and 'depth' of adoption by first considering the sequential introduction of the innovation across countries (breadth). Given the time of introduction into a specific country, within-country diffusion (depth) is subsequently modelled. We illustrate the approach using data from the cellular telephone industry for 184countries. The proposed provides empirical insights which could not have been obtained using traditional techniques. In particular, we show that breadth and depth processes are not necessarily affected by the same socioeconomic factors. We also are able to evaluate the importance of the linkage between the two processes.

Remittances and banking sector breadth and depth : evidence from Mexico

Despite the rising volume of remittances flowing to developing countries, their impact on banking sector breadth and depth in recipient countries has been largely unexplored. The authors examine this topic using municipio-level data on the fraction of households that receive remittances and on measures of banking breadth and depth for Mexico. They find that remittances are strongly associated with greater banking breadth and depth, increasing the number of branches and accounts per capita and the ratio of deposits to gross domestic product. These effects are significant both statistically and economically, even after conducting robustness tests and addressing the potential endogeneity of remittances.Access to Finance,Banks&Banking Reform,Population Policies,Debt Markets,

Life\u27s Texture: Depth and Breadth

Our world has a wonderful and intriguing tension in the balance between stress and calm, joy and sadness, and organization and chaos. As a sentient being, I must steadily adapt and accommodate the changing world surrounding me. In doing so, I create a dance to a rhythm that changes with every bar of music heard only by my own ear. My process is a reflection of this integral dance and I visualize the rhythm in form. My work is the result of the integration of my life with my creativity. I maneuver through this creative labyrinth using multiple materials to build a textured and varied surface. This surface is developed to entice the viewer to experience actual textures and explore the possibilities of where the specific piece might lead them in their own personal interpretation