Mesin Printer Huruf Braille Menggunakan Mikrokontroler MCS-51

YPAB (Institution for Blind Children) used manual typewriter to print Braille characters. If they want to print many copies, they will type it many times. It's not efficient. To upgrade this efficiency, they need a Braille printing machine which can make many copies in once type. The designed Braille printing machine consists of personal computer (PC), microcontroller MCS 51 and mechanic system. PC is used for typing, editing and converting to Braille characters. The experiment result showed that Braille printing machine using microcontroller MCS 51 could print many copy of Braille characters relief in once type. Speed of this printer is about 30 minute/ page while the paper size are 21,5 x 30 cm and there are 552 Braille character

An Integrated Approach for the Design of a New Braille Printing System

The braille production system is a slow and antiquated process. The end product is expensive, heavy, and bulky. A new, more efficient braille production system was designed, using computerized transcription, thermographic printing, and automated binding and finishing. Computerized transcription programs are readily available from a variety of sources; automated binding and finishing is a common feature of modern printing technology. A series of experiments was performed to evaluate the physical qualities of the braille cells produced by thermography. An internal tearing resistance test and machinability test were also performed to study the effect of heat on the paper stock. The strength of embossed and thermographed braille dots was studied and a comparison made. A literature search was also conducted to study the chemical characteristics of the resin used to produce the raised braille cells. A newspaper article was transcribed into braille and printed by thermography. Braille readers were asked to evaluate the readability and the overall quality of the material produced. The result of the experiments indicated that it was possible to produce braille by thermography, and that in certain aspects the product obtained was superior to embossed braille. Thermographic braille was found to be of a quality level acceptable to the Dlajor1ty of the braille population sampled

The Roadmap to an Improved Braille Display Design

Our innovative braille display, focused on affordability and education, fills a notable void in the market of refreshable braille displays, which are typically costly and not designed primarily for educational use. This product stands out as an economical educational aid for people with visual impairments. It features a system where pressing a keyboard alphabet key corresponds to specific braille pins, allowing for the display of letters or characters. Additionally, our design can represent simple geometric shapes, like circles or squares, using the braille pins. When these pins are raised, the user can feel the braille representation of the character or shape. To achieve the ideal balance of cost-efficiency and functionality in our refreshable braille display, we iterated the design through 3D printing. We determined the most effective version by conducting tests in local braille schools. This poster highlights our journey, displaying the evolution from our initial 3D model prototype to the current functional model of our braille display

Aiding the Visually Impaired: Developing an efficient Braille Printer

With the large number of partially or completely visually impaired persons in society, their integration as productive, educated and capable members of society is hampered heavily by a pervasively high level of braille illiteracy. This problem is further compounded by the fact that braille printers are prohibitively expensive - generally starting from two thousand US dollars, beyond the reach of the common man. Over the period of a year, the authors have tried to develop a Braille printer which attempts to overcome the problems inherent in commercial printers. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to introduce two prototypes - the first with an emphasis of cost-effectiveness, and the second prototype, which is more experimental and aims to eliminate several demerits of Braille printing. The first prototype has been constructed at a cost significantly less than the existing commercial braille printers. Both the prototypes of the device have been constructed, which will be shown.Comment: 6 pages. IEEE accepted paper (not published yet) International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI-2017

A computer-based system for production of Braille music

A computer-based system has been developed for production of braille music without the use of a skilled braillist. The system Is designed to be used by an operator having no knowledge of braille or computers. Some ability to read printed music Is helpful, but not essential, and no expert musicianship is required. The input to the system is a coded representation of music notation typed on the keyboard of a graphical display unit by an operator reading printed music. Syntax checking is performed by the program during input to help reduce the number of errors made by the operator. The music is displayed graphically on the screen as it is typed, in a form similar to the printed copy, giving he operator immediate feedback and an opportunity to correct any mistakes. The music, once stored, may be edited until correct using the keyboard of the terminal in conjunction with a joystick or light pen. Any part of the stored music may be rapidly accessed and displayed on the screen or a digital plotter for checking purposes. The stored music may be archived temporarily or permanently on magnetic tape for subsequent retrieval, in both print and braille forms. The translation algorithm performs automatic translation to a close approximation to the international braille music code. Although the system is intended primarily to be used without the aid of a braillist, it does allow access to, and editing of, the braille before final output. The output from the system is the braille music notation corresponding to the input, suitable for embossing directly on an braille terminal connected on-line to the computer. The quality of samples of music of various types produced in braille using this system has been evaluated with the assistance of a number of braille music readers. The system is suitable for implementation at a braille printing house, and incorporates a general-purpose editor for music notation which may also be useful for other musicological applications

Media Pembelajaran Braille Tanpa Kertas

Media pembelajaran tunanetra yang ada saat ini bergantung pada mesin pencetak huruf braille. Mesin pencetak huruf braille menggunakan media kertas dimana media tersebut hanya sekali pakai dan membutuhkan proses yang kompleks agar dapat digunakan kembali. Semakin banyak media pembelajaran, dibutuhkan semakin banyak kertas. Banyaknya kertas yang digunakan mengakibatkan biaya operasional yang dibutuhkan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran bagi tunanetra menjadi mahal. Oleh karena itu diperlukan solusi yang dapat meminimalkan biaya operasional tersebut. Dalam tugas akhir ini, dirancang sebuah media pembelajaran braille tanpa kertas, sehingga biaya operasional pencetakan media pembelajaran braille berkurang. Alat ini berupa user interface yang dapat menampilkan karakter braille seperti pada kertas namun dapat berubahubah sesuai karakter braille yang akan ditampilkan. Alat ini menggunakan solenoid sebagai pendorong tactile pada sistem. Mikrokontroler digunakan untuk memproses data masukan dan mengontrol solenoid. Data masukan berupa karakter huruf dan angka yang sudah dikonversi sesuai dengan kebutuhan sistem. Hasil dari pengujian yang dilakukan pada tugas akhir ini adalah sistem dapat memunculkan karakter huruf dan karakter angka. Siswa tunanetra sudah dapat mengenali huruf braille tanpa kertas, tetapi butuh waktu yang lama untuk beradapatasi. Sistem keseluruhan masih memiliki error rate tinggi dengan angka 27%. ======================================================================================================================== Blind instructional media that exists today rely on Braille printing machines. Braille printing machines uses paper as media that is disposable and requires a complex process to be reused. The more learning media, more and more paper is needed. The amount of used paper causes operational costs needed to produce learning media for the blind to be expensive. Therefore, we need a solution that can minimize the operational costs. In this final project, a medium of learning braille paperless is designed, so the operating costs of learning braille printing media is reduced. This tool is a user interface that can display Braille characters like on paper, but can be changed according to braille characters to be displayed. This tool uses a solenoid as a driver tactile system. The microcontroller is used to process the input data and control solenoid. Data input are alphabet and numeric characters that have been converted as the needs of the system. The results of tests performed in this final project is the system can pull out the different character and numeric characters. The blind students are able to recognize the Braille characters, but it tooks a long time to adapt. Overall system still has a high error rate about 27%

Discussion of the selection and use of teaching aids and standard materials in the lower school at Perkins School for the Blind

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

Design and User Satisfaction of Interactive Maps for Visually Impaired People

Multimodal interactive maps are a solution for presenting spatial information to visually impaired people. In this paper, we present an interactive multimodal map prototype that is based on a tactile paper map, a multi-touch screen and audio output. We first describe the different steps for designing an interactive map: drawing and printing the tactile paper map, choice of multi-touch technology, interaction technologies and the software architecture. Then we describe the method used to assess user satisfaction. We provide data showing that an interactive map - although based on a unique, elementary, double tap interaction - has been met with a high level of user satisfaction. Interestingly, satisfaction is independent of a user's age, previous visual experience or Braille experience. This prototype will be used as a platform to design advanced interactions for spatial learning

Planning for the blind in Lebanon.

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit