521 research outputs found

    Bootstrapping Trust with Partial and Subjective Observability

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    Assessment of trust and reputation typically relies on prior experiences of a trustee agent, which may not exist, e.g. especially in highly dynamic environments. In these cases stereotypes can be used, where traits of trustees can be used as an indicator of their behaviour during interactions. Communicating observations of traits to witnesses who are unable to observe them is difficult, however, when the traits are interpreted subjectively. In this paper we propose a mechanism for learning translations between such subjective observations, evaluating it in a simulated marketplace

    Bootstrapping trust with partial and subjective observability

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    Assessment of trust and reputation typically relies on prior experiences of a trustee agent, which may not exist, e.g. especially in highly dynamic environments. In these cases stereotypes can be used, where traits of trustees can be used as an indicator of their behaviour during interactions. Communicating observations of traits to witnesses who are unable to observe them is difficult, however, when the traits are interpreted subjectively. In this paper we propose a mechanism for learning translations between such subjective observations, evaluating it in a simulated marketplace

    Stereotype reputation with limited observability

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    Assessing trust and reputation is essential in multi-agent systems where agents must decide who to interact with. Assessment typically relies on the direct experience of a trustor with a trustee agent, or on information from witnesses. Where direct or witness information is unavailable, such as when agent turnover is high, stereotypes learned from common traits and behaviour can provide this information. Such traits may be only partially or subjectively observed, with witnesses not observing traits of some trustees or interpreting their observations differently. Existing stereotype-based techniques are unable to account for such partial observability and subjectivity. In this paper we propose a method for extracting information from witness observations that enables stereotypes to be applied in partially and subjectively observable dynamic environments. Specifically, we present a mechanism for learning translations between observations made by trustor and witness agents with subjective interpretations of traits. We show through simulations that such translation is necessary for reliable reputation assessments in dynamic environments with partial and subjective observability

    Stereotype reputation with limited observability

    Get PDF
    Assessing trust and reputation is essential in multi-agent systems where agents must decide who to interact with. Assessment typically relies on the direct experience of a trustor with a trustee agent, or on information from witnesses. Where direct or witness information is unavailable, such as when agent turnover is high, stereotypes learned from common traits and behaviour can provide this information. Such traits may be only partially or subjectively observed, with witnesses not observing traits of some trustees or interpreting their observations differently. Existing stereotype-based techniques are unable to account for such partial observability and subjectivity. In this paper we propose a method for extracting information from witness observations that enables stereotypes to be applied in partially and subjectively observable dynamic environments. Specifically, we present a mechanism for learning translations between observations made by trustor and witness agents with subjective interpretations of traits. We show through simulations that such translation is necessary for reliable reputation assessments in dynamic environments with partial and subjective observability

    Factors influencing intention to use mobile retailing: An empirical study

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    Masteroppgave International Business and Marketing - Nord universitet 201

    Older Adults Adoption, Use and Diffusion of E-Government Services in Saudi Arabia, Hail City: : A Quantitative Study

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    Jyoti Choudrie, Adel Alfalah, and Neil H. Spencer, 'Older Adults Adoption, Use and Diffusion of E-Government Services in Saudi Arabia, Hail City: A Quantitative Study'. Paper presented at the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 50th Anniversary, 4-7 January 2017, Waikoloa, Hawaii, USA.Online Government products and services should provide benefits to all citizens, but not all of them are attaining the gains. A group that is not obtaining the benefits is the older adults. Such differences have led to a phenomenon known as the digital divide, which is a research gap that researchers are attempting to eliminate. Using this as motivation, this study aims to identify, explain and understand the adoption and use of e-Government services within the older adults of a vicinity in Saudi Arabia. The study uses a quantitative approach that collated data using a survey questionnaire from Hail city households and led to 278 completed replies. Findings depicted that age-based, gender-based and education-based digital divides do exist in Saudi Arabia. The obtained findings provide implications for the existing literature on e-Government adoption, for practitioners and policy makers.Peer reviewe

    Moderating effect of religiosity on the relationship between technology readiness, trust and diffusion of e-commerce (B2C) in Sultanate of Oman

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    Electronic commerce has tremendously revolutionized the global economic system. Notwithstanding it has been playing a catalytic role in strengthening economies of the developing states, many countries are lagging behind in practicing electronic commerce due to numerous factors including technology readiness and trust. This study aimed to investigate the nature of relationship that exists between technology readiness, trust and diffusion of electronic while focusing on the public sector higher education institutions of the Sultanate of Oman. Furthermore, the study indented to examine the moderating effect of religiosity on the relationship between technology readiness, trust and diffusion of e-commerce. A structured questionnaire representing dimensions related to technology readiness, trust, religiosity and diffusion of electronic commerce was duly designed. Data was collected using survey method, through the distribution of the structured questionnaires to the public sector higher education institutions of Oman. The Partial Lease Square - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to test the hypotheses. The results indicated that technology readiness, trust and religiosity have positive effects on the diffusion of e-commerce. Additionally, the findings revealed that religiosity significantly and positively moderates the relationship between technology readiness, trust and the diffusion of electronic commerce. The results imply that all the stakeholders must call their attention to the core areas of e-commerce like technology readiness, trust and religiosity to ensure a brighter future in today’s fast moving and competitive environment. While contributing to the body of knowledge and highlighting the importance of technology readiness and trust in the diffusion process of electronic commerce, the study appropriately provides practical, managerial, educational and theological implications to the prospective consumers, governmental officials, policy- makers and the e-commerce global community. In terms of limitations, this study is confined to the impacts of technology readiness, trust and religiosity on the diffusion of (business to consumer) electronic commerce, and has targeted academicians from the public higher education institutions, as respondents. On the basis of this study, future research can be conducted in the perspective of developing countries other than the Sultanate of Oman. It would also be valuable to employ the framework in conducting comparative studies on the developing and the developed nation

    Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) for Intelligent Process Automation

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    Intelligent process automation is a technological innovation that combines symbolic automation tools with machine learning. Intelligent process automation can automate complex tasks that otherwise have to be performed by humans when symbolic automation is not powerful enough. Regardless of the high economic potential for companies, the adoption rate in practice is comparatively low. This could be due to the adoption behavior of the employees. In our work, we iteratively develop a Unified Theory of Acceptance and use of Technology (UTAUT) model for the adoption of intelligent process automation and evaluate it with an empirical study. With our research we want to empower designers to adapt the corresponding tools in the future to increase adoption. The study shows that, in addition to established factors for technology adoption, trust, transparency, and attitude towards technology are primary decision factors

    Are Older Citizens Using the E-Moi portal in Saudi Arabia, Hail City: A Quantitative Study-‹

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    ICT has been widely exploited as a powerful tool of development and prosperity. Therefore, Governments are increasingly moving their civil products and services online. However, there are several groups within societies that are missing out on government benefits due to no online access or/and knowledge, including the elderly. This research attempts to understand the factors affecting older adults’ adoption and use of e-government in a vicinity of Saudi Arabia. To achieve this, a quantitative method used an online survey questionnaire resulting in 937 completed responses. The findings offer implications for existing literature on e-Government adoption, for practitioners and policy makers

    Backpackers’ perceived risks towards smartphone usage and risk reduction strategies : a mixed methods study

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    Abstract: Backpackers' travel ideology and experiences are increasingly being mediated by mobile phones (i.e. smart- phones). This study explored their risk perceptions towards smartphone usage and consequent risk reduction strategies. Importantly, this paper proposes an integrated model of perceived risk combining technology and destination related risk factors. Employing a quantitative-dominant concurrent nested mixed methods approach, 567 surveys (Study A) and 15 in depth, semi-structured interviews (Study B) were conducted in Ghana. Evidently, backpackers’ perceived risk towards smartphone usage is a function of both information technology and destination related risks. Their risk concerns are inhibited by trust in smartphones, innovativeness and familiarity. Levels of trust had a significant positive impact on their intentions to reuse the device, as did their satisfaction levels with the device and travel. Backpackers used a mix of both cognitive and non-cognitive measures to manage their risk perceptions. The theoretical, practical and methodological contributions of the study are discussed
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