The Role of International Rules in Blockchain-Based Cross-Border Commercial Disputes

[excerpt] The concept of online dispute resolution (ODR) is not new. 1 But, with the advent of Web 3.0, the distributed web that facilitates pseudonymous and cross-border transactions via blockchain\u27s distributed ledger technology, 2 the idea of, and pressing need for, appropriate dispute resolution models for blockchain-based disputes to support this novel system of distributed consensus and trust of which blockchain proponents boast, is a primary concern in rapid development. 3 The common goal of each project is to utilize smart contracts to facilitate superior, quicker[,] and less expensive proceedings by eliminating so many of the tedious and protracted trappings of traditional arbitral proceedings, such as the sending and receiving of documents via courier. , Despite myriad approaches, all emerging blockchain-based dispute resolution services (BDR solutions) generally seek to bridge the divide between automated performance mechanisms, like smart contracts, and the human judgment traditionally required to settle legal disputes.5 How our existing legal frameworks must develop to ensure that smart contracts 6 facilitate, rather than frustrate, the parties\u27 intent is a critically important question to ask as the blockchain stack\u27s infrastructure and application layers are being built and, ultimately, scaled. Indeed, interest is high in the race to create alternative dispute resolution mechanisms to resolve disputes arising from blockchain-based commercial transactions that, due to the transnational, borderless, pseudonymous, and distributed nature of blockchain, clearly necessitate international solutions.

Practices of Using Blockchain Technology in ICT under the Digitalization of the World Economy

Abstract. Pursuing the purpose of effective functioning in today's conditions, the business is forced to transform rapidly, to modernize at all levels. The world is changing, erasing the limits of its certainty. Companies need quality transformations and strategies that are effective in the face of rapid change towards "deep" digitization. Massive corporate management systems increasingly need the flexibility to keep pace with change. And companies with an innovative culture are more in need of creative tasks than implementing detailed regulations. In the post-industrial time of digital economy, issues related to the development of the information sphere, the media and communications, the usage of modern information systems to develop the economy and stabilize social development as a whole, come first. The basic principles of practical application of Blockchain are investigated in the work. The stages of development of Blockchain technology, the stages of development of Blockchain technologies by time, the application of distributed registry technology in Blockchain applications, the principles of construction and operation of Blockchain have been specified. The benefits of using NEM for business are substantiated and the components of Proxima X technology, protocols and service layers, on-line and off-line protocols, decentralized applications are exposed

Assessing the Potential Involutionary Effects of New Copyright Laws: A Techno-legal Analysis Based on the Impact of Web 3.0 on Copyright Protection

As Internet technology evolves, legal professionals and academics must stay current and adapt to these inevitable technological changes. This article investigates the extensive influence of the latest version of the World Wide Web (the Web)—Web 3.0—on copyright laws based on a techno-legal analysis that considers the opportunities and challenges of this new technology. The principal version of copyright laws, the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), was enacted in 1998 during the Web 1.0 era, signifying an impending need for appropriate updates in the new Web 3.0 era. This article traces the historical development of U.S. copyright laws by positing it has undergone three phases: illegalization, institutionalization, and criminalization. The article then explores the possible development of new legal frameworks to address the unique challenges of Web 3.0 and the formulation of novel technical solutions in the new phase of decentralization. The article also assesses the possible involutionary effects of new copyright laws that can detrimentally impact privacy, freedom of speech, and fair competition on the Internet. Finally, this article provides recommendations for establishing new copyright laws’ parameters in the forthcoming decentralization phase

The Great Decentralization: How Web 3.0 Will Weaken Copyrights, 15 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 136 (2015)

Bitcoin’s popularity increased as its value increased and people became excited about the prospect of a trustless, decentralized currency that could be used on the Internet. Within the last two years, however, people and organizations began exploiting the potential of the block chain that powers the bitcoin network. These people realized that the block chain—a transparent public ledger that cannot be altered—can be used for more than digital currency. One such organization calls itself Ethereum and its developers plan to use block chains to allow decentralized autonomous applications to operate free of government censorship or corruption. While such a network would have a profound effect on society—allowing trustless voting, uncensored social networking and the like—its impact on copyrights could be devastating. This paper argues that the emerging, decentralized Internet (also known as Web 3.0) will be the straw that breaks the copyright owner’s back. This paper argues that, with block chain technology and decentralized applications, those buying and selling unauthorized copies of copyrighted material cannot be subject to court injunctions; making enforcement of copyrights nearly impossible on a decentralized Internet. This paper then proposes that copyright holders get out in front of the problem by embracing a decentralized Internet. This can only be done by drastically reducing the price of copyright licenses. In other words, by offering cheap licenses at the dawn of Web 3.0, copyright holders can instill a sense that it’s better to be safe than sorry when it comes to the ongoing struggle between technology and copyrights

Benefits and Obstacles of Blockchain Applications in e-Government

Nowadays, Blockchain Technologies (BCT) could be characterized as one of the most promising trends. We are currently witnessing a plethora of implementations basically in the economic sector with the creation of cryptocurrencies. The majority of researchers and practitioners argues that many benefits could be derived from the use of this innovative technology with the most significant one being the improved sense of trust to BCT applications. At the same time governments pursue amplified trust from their citizens and BCT is gaining momentum since it addresses this of utmost importance problem based on its unique characteristics. More and more governments realize the advances of this technology and participate in pilot applications in different vertical governmental sectors. Even though there are several implementations in the Government sector, there is no comprehensive study towards the analysis of the major characteristics of these developments. This paper moves towards the fulfilment of this gap conducting a thorough analysis of e-Government pilot applications of BCT in a European level. Furthermore, this study discusses the key benefits and main barriers coming from the application of this technology in different domains with BCT experts

A critical review on Blockchain assessment initiatives: a technology evolution viewpoint

Blockchain is considered as a major emerging technology that is having an everincreasing spread both in industrial and academic contexts. As the usage of blockchain keeps increasing, a fourth generation of blockchain platforms is being proposed. Thus, applications of blockchain have evolved towards wider scopes than cryptocurrency and asset management. In this context, it is important for practitioners to have deep understanding of various blockchain assessment initiatives. Therefore, this work discusses blockchain assessment initiatives from a technology evolution viewpoint. Furthermore, a mapping was conducted to identify factors that impact blockchain initiatives, synthesize available evidence, and identify gaps between relevant approaches available in the literature. As a result, nine selected works were analyzed based on applicability, research approach, assessment process, blockchain adoption process, and blockchain waves. The findings can help practitioners to understand the main assessment factors that undermine blockchain implementations.publishedVersio

Web3.0 Security: Privacy Enhancing and Anonym Auditing in Blockchain-based Structures

The advent of Web 3.0, underpinned by blockchain technologies, promises to transform the internet's landscape by empowering individuals with decentralized control over their data. However, this evolution brings unique security challenges that need to be addressed. This paper explores these complexities, focusing on enhancing privacy and anonymous auditing within blockchain structures. We present the architecture of Web 3.0 based on the blockchain, providing a clear perspective on its workflow and security mechanisms. A security protocol for Web 3.0 systems, employing privacy-preserving techniques and anonymous auditing during runtime, is proposed. Key components of our solution include the integration of privacy-enhancing techniques and the utilization of Tor for anonymous auditing. We discuss related work and propose a framework that meets these new security requirements. Lastly, we offer an evaluation and comparison of our model to existing methods. This research contributes towards the foundational understanding of Web 3.0's secure structure and offers a pathway towards secure and privacy-preserving digital interactions in this novel internet landscape

Audit research of large engineering projects based on blockchain technology

Large-scale projects have the characteristics of huge investment, long construction period, resource consumption and many project participants. The audit work is very important but the diffi culty is often very high. Blockchain technology has gradually entered the mainstream application with its characteristics of decentralization, openness and transparency, and data is diffi cult to tamper, which also brings new opportunities to engineering audit. This paper studies the application of blockchain technology in large-scale engineering audit, and explores the implementation method of large-scale engineering audit based on blockchain technology from the aspects of blockchain technology selection, platform framework construction, smart contract design, etc., to solve the problems of diffi culty in obtaining evidence, poor reliability of evidence and low effi ciency

How do Web 3.0, blockchain- and token-based businesses create and capture value?

The development of technology is constantly being driven forward. With that companies are in the need to adapt their business model to certain technologies to optimize their economic value. In the age of Web 3.0, blockchain technology and the possibilities and risk that come with decentralized applications and digital currencies plays a central role in the current state of technological development. Hence, it is of utmost importance to understand how this technology is used or can be used to optimize the company’s activities. This thesis aims to gain knowledge about the way businesses utilize blockchain technology to gain economic value. For that, the following research question has been examined: How do Web 3.0, blockchain- and token-based businesses create and capture value? To answer the question, existing literature about blockchain and business models has been reviewed and semi-structured interviews have been carried out. Specifically, the study looks at areas or existing business problems for which solutions can be found through the application or support of blockchain technology to generate or optimize economic value. Therefore, current literature as well as information collected through semi-structured interviews with four experts, founders, and employees in the German blockchain space have been analyzed. The research shows that the technology currently finds the most use in the financial sector and supply chain management, in which in a B2B relationship the value is created through offering a blockchain-based service network to improve security and transparency and the value is mostly captured through charging fees for that service.A fim de maximizar o seu valor económico, as empresas precisam de adaptar o seu modelo de negócio ao desenvolvimento de certas tecnologias. Na era Web 3.0, a tecnologia blockchain e as suas possibilidades e riscos, consequência de aplicações descentralizadas e moedas digitais, têm um papel importante no desenvolvimento tecnológico atual. Portanto, é da maior importância entender como esta tecnologia pode ser utilizada para melhorar as atividades das empresas. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo entender como é que as empresas utilizam a tecnologia blockchain de forma a obter valor económico. Para tal, a seguinte pergunta de investigação será analisada: Como é que a Web 3.0, Blockchain e empresas baseadas em tokens criam e obtêm valor? Para responder a esta pergunta, recorreu-se a literatura sobre blockchain e modelos de negócio, e foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. Este estudo analisa áreas ou problemas de empresas, para os quais é possível encontrar uma solução através da implementação ou ajuda da tecnologia blockchain de modo a gerar ou otimizar valor económico. Assim sendo, e para além da literatura, foi analisada a informação obtida através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com quatro especialistas, fundadores e funcionários do espaço blockchain alemão. Este estudo demonstra que esta tecnologia tem atualmente bastante utilidade no setor financeiro e na gestão de cadeia logística onde, numa relação B2B o valor é criado através da oferta de um serviço baseado em rede blockchain para melhorar a segurança e transparência, sendo que o valor é maioritariamente obtido através das taxas cobradas por esse serviço