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Presence 2005: the eighth annual international workshop on presence, 21-23 September, 2005 University College London (Conference proceedings)

OVERVIEW (taken from the CALL FOR PAPERS) Academics and practitioners with an interest in the concept of (tele)presence are invited to submit their work for presentation at PRESENCE 2005 at University College London in London, England, September 21-23, 2005. The eighth in a series of highly successful international workshops, PRESENCE 2005 will provide an open discussion forum to share ideas regarding concepts and theories, measurement techniques, technology, and applications related to presence, the psychological state or subjective perception in which a person fails to accurately and completely acknowledge the role of technology in an experience, including the sense of 'being there' experienced by users of advanced media such as virtual reality. The concept of presence in virtual environments has been around for at least 15 years, and the earlier idea of telepresence at least since Minsky's seminal paper in 1980. Recently there has been a burst of funded research activity in this area for the first time with the European FET Presence Research initiative. What do we really know about presence and its determinants? How can presence be successfully delivered with today's technology? This conference invites papers that are based on empirical results from studies of presence and related issues and/or which contribute to the technology for the delivery of presence. Papers that make substantial advances in theoretical understanding of presence are also welcome. The interest is not solely in virtual environments but in mixed reality environments. Submissions will be reviewed more rigorously than in previous conferences. High quality papers are therefore sought which make substantial contributions to the field. Approximately 20 papers will be selected for two successive special issues for the journal Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. PRESENCE 2005 takes place in London and is hosted by University College London. The conference is organized by ISPR, the International Society for Presence Research and is supported by the European Commission's FET Presence Research Initiative through the Presencia and IST OMNIPRES projects and by University College London

Determining the effect of human cognitive biases in social robots for human-robotm interactions

The research presented in this thesis describes a model for aiding human-robot interactions based on the principle of showing behaviours which are created based on 'human' cognitive biases by a robot in human-robot interactions. The aim of this work is to study how cognitive biases can affect human-robot interactions in the long term. Currently, most human-robot interactions are based on a set of well-ordered and structured rules, which repeat regardless of the person or social situation. This trend tends to provide an unrealistic interaction, which can make difficult for humans to relate ‘naturally’ with the social robot after a number of relations. The main focus of these interactions is that the social robot shows a very structured set of behaviours and, as such, acts unnaturally and mechanical in terms of social interactions. On the other hand, fallible behaviours (e.g. forgetfulness, inability to understand other’ emotions, bragging, blaming others) are common behaviours in humans and can be seen in regular social interactions. Some of these fallible behaviours are caused by the various cognitive biases. Researchers studied and developed various humanlike skills (e.g. personality, emotions expressions, traits) in social robots to make their behaviours more humanlike, and as a result, social robots can perform various humanlike actions, such as walking, talking, gazing or emotional expression. But common human behaviours such as forgetfulness, inability to understand other emotions, bragging or blaming are not present in the current social robots; such behaviours which exist and influence people have not been explored in social robots. The study presented in this thesis developed five cognitive biases in three different robots in four separate experiments to understand the influences of such cognitive biases in human–robot interactions. The results show that participants initially liked to interact with the robot with cognitive biased behaviours more than the robot without such behaviours. In my first two experiments, the robots (e.g., ERWIN, MyKeepon) interacted with the participants using a single bias (i.e., misattribution and empathy gap) cognitive biases accordingly, and participants enjoyed the interactions using such bias effects: for example, forgetfulness, source confusions, always showing exaggerated happiness or sadness and so on in the robots. In my later experiments, participants interacted with the robot (e.g., MARC) three times, with a time interval between two interactions, and results show that the likeness the interactions where the robot shows biased behaviours decreases less than the interactions where the robot did not show any biased behaviours. In the current thesis, I describe the investigations of these traits of forgetfulness, the inability to understand others’ emotions, and bragging and blaming behaviours, which are influenced by cognitive biases, and I also analyse people’s responses to robots displaying such biased behaviours in human–robot interactions

Blame my telepresence robot: Joint effect of proxemics and attribution on interpersonal attraction

Item does not contain fulltextWhen remote users share autonomy with a telepresence robot, questions arise as to how the behaviour of the robot is interpreted by local users. We investigated how a robot's violations of social norms under shared autonomy influence the local user's evaluation of the robot's remote users. Specifically, we examined how attribution of such violations to either the robot or the remote user influences social perception of the remote user. Using personal space invasion as a salient social norm violation, we conducted a within-subject experiment (n=20) to investigate these questions. Participants saw several people introducing themselves through a telepresence robot, personal space invasion and attribution were manipulated. We found a significant (p=0.007) joint effect of the manipulations on interpersonal attraction. After these first 20 participants our robot broke down, and we had to continue with another robot (n=20). We found a difference between the two robots, causing us to discard this data from our main analysis. Subsequent video annotation and comparison of the two robots suggests that accuracy of the followed trajectory modifies attribution. Our results offer insights into the mechanisms of attribution in interactions with a telepresence robot as a mediator.2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, (RO-MAN 2017) (Lisbon, Portugal, August 28 - September 1, 2017

Blame my telepresence robot Joint effect of proxemics and attribution on interpersonal attraction

When remote users share autonomy with a telepresence robot, questions arise as to how the behaviour of the robot is interpreted by local users. We investigated how a robot's violations of social norms under shared autonomy influence the local user's evaluation of the robot's remote users. Specifically, we examined how attribution of such violations to either the robot or the remote user influences social perception of the remote user. Using personal space invasion as a salient social norm violation, we conducted a within-subject experiment (n=20) to investigate these questions. Participants saw several people introducing themselves through a telepresence robot, personal space invasion and attribution were manipulated. We found a significant (p=0.007) joint effect of the manipulations on interpersonal attraction. After these first 20 participants our robot broke down, and we had to continue with another robot (n=20). We found a difference between the two robots, causing us to discard this data from our main analysis. Subsequent video annotation and comparison of the two robots suggests that accuracy of the followed trajectory modifies attribution. Our results offer insights into the mechanisms of attribution in interactions with a telepresence robot as a mediator

The student-produced electronic portfolio in craft education

The authors studied primary school students’ experiences of using an electronic portfolio in their craft education over four years. A stimulated recall interview was applied to collect user experiences and qualitative content analysis to analyse the collected data. The results indicate that the electronic portfolio was experienced as a multipurpose tool to support learning. It makes the learning process visible and in that way helps focus on and improves the quality of learning. © ISLS.Peer reviewe

Knowledge and Management Models for Sustainable Growth

In the last years sustainability has become a topic of global concern and a key issue in the strategic agenda of both business organizations and public authorities and organisations. Significant changes in business landscape, the emergence of new technology, including social media, the pressure of new social concerns, have called into question established conceptualizations of competitiveness, wealth creation and growth. New and unaddressed set of issues regarding how private and public organisations manage and invest their resources to create sustainable value have brought to light. In particular the increasing focus on environmental and social themes has suggested new dimensions to be taken into account in the value creation dynamics, both at organisations and communities level. For companies the need of integrating corporate social and environmental responsibility issues into strategy and daily business operations, pose profound challenges, which, in turn, involve numerous processes and complex decisions influenced by many stakeholders. Facing these challenges calls for the creation, use and exploitation of new knowledge as well as the development of proper management models, approaches and tools aimed to contribute to the development and realization of environmentally and socially sustainable business strategies and practices