3,302 research outputs found
Identifying Design Requirements for Wireless Routing Link Metrics
In this paper, we identify and analyze the requirements to design a new
routing link metric for wireless multihop networks. Considering these
requirements, when a link metric is proposed, then both the design and
implementation of the link metric with a routing protocol become easy.
Secondly, the underlying network issues can easily be tackled. Thirdly, an
appreciable performance of the network is guaranteed. Along with the existing
implementation of three link metrics Expected Transmission Count (ETX), Minimum
Delay (MD), and Minimum Loss (ML), we implement inverse ETX; invETX with
Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) using NS-2.34. The simulation results show
that how the computational burden of a metric degrades the performance of the
respective protocol and how a metric has to trade-off between different
performance parameters
Data Bit-Rate Instability in Wireless Multi-Rate Ad Hoc Networks
Wireless Ad-hoc single-rate environments typically use a Distance Vector routing with a metric based on the minimization of the hop-count. In practice, the technique of minimizing the distance does not reward in the case of multi-rate, therefore it may be prefereable touse protocols privileging the link's transmission speed instead of the minimum distance. Our study aims toward the stability of the link in a wireless high mobility environment; we explore and hypothesize how to privilege, in the choice of routes, the stablest link.Ad Hoc Networks; Routing; Stability.
Resource Allocation in Ad Hoc Networks
Unlike the centralized network, the ad hoc network does not have any central administrations and energy is constrained, e.g. battery, so the resource allocation plays a
very important role in efficiently managing the limited energy in ad hoc networks.
This thesis focuses on the resource allocation in ad hoc networks and aims to develop
novel techniques that will improve the network performance from different network
layers, such as the physical layer, Medium Access Control (MAC) layer and network
layer.
This thesis examines the energy utilization in High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) systems at the physical layer. Two resource allocation techniques,
known as channel adaptive HSDPA and two-group HSDPA, are developed to improve the performance of an ad hoc radio system through reducing the residual
energy, which in turn, should improve the data rate in HSDPA systems. The channel adaptive HSDPA removes the constraint on the number of channels used for
transmissions. The two-group allocation minimizes the residual energy in HSDPA
systems and therefore enhances the physical data rates in transmissions due to adaptive modulations. These proposed approaches provide better data rate than rates
achieved with the current HSDPA type of algorithm.
By considering both physical transmission power and data rates for defining the
cost function of the routing scheme, an energy-aware routing scheme is proposed
in order to find the routing path with the least energy consumption. By focusing
on the routing paths with low energy consumption, computational complexity is
significantly reduced. The data rate enhancement achieved by two-group resource
allocation further reduces the required amount of energy per bit for each path. With
a novel load balancing technique, the information bits can be allocated to each path
in such that a way the overall amount of energy consumed is minimized.
After loading bits to multiple routing paths, an end-to-end delay minimization
solution along a routing path is developed through studying MAC distributed coordination function (DCF) service time. Furthermore, the overhead effect and the
related throughput reduction are studied. In order to enhance the network throughput at the MAC layer, two MAC DCF-based adaptive payload allocation approaches
are developed through introducing Lagrange optimization and studying equal data
transmission period
On Energy Efficient Hierarchical Cross-Layer Design: Joint Power Control and Routing for Ad Hoc Networks
In this paper, a hierarchical cross-layer design approach is proposed to
increase energy efficiency in ad hoc networks through joint adaptation of
nodes' transmitting powers and route selection. The design maintains the
advantages of the classic OSI model, while accounting for the cross-coupling
between layers, through information sharing. The proposed joint power control
and routing algorithm is shown to increase significantly the overall energy
efficiency of the network, at the expense of a moderate increase in complexity.
Performance enhancement of the joint design using multiuser detection is also
investigated, and it is shown that the use of multiuser detection can increase
the capacity of the ad hoc network significantly for a given level of energy
consumption.Comment: To appear in the EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and
Networking, Special Issue on Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Network
JTP: An Energy-conscious Transport Protocol for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
Within a recently developed low-power ad hoc network system, we present a transport protocol (JTP) whose goal is to reduce power consumption without trading off delivery requirements of applications. JTP has the following features: it is lightweight whereby end-nodes control in-network actions by encoding delivery requirements in packet headers; JTP enables applications to specify a range of reliability requirements, thus allocating the right energy budget to packets; JTP minimizes feedback control traffic from the destination by varying its frequency based on delivery requirements and stability of the network; JTP minimizes energy consumption by implementing in-network caching and increasing the chances that data retransmission requests from destinations "hit" these caches, thus avoiding costly source retransmissions; and JTP fairly allocates bandwidth among flows by backing off the sending rate of a source to account for in-network retransmissions on its behalf. Analysis and extensive simulations demonstrate the energy gains of JTP over one-size-fits-all transport protocols.Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (AFRL FA8750-06-C-0199
On the problem of energy efficiency of multi-hop vs one-hop routing in wireless sensor networks
The hop distance strategy in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has a major impact on energy consumption of each sensor mote. Long-hop routing minimizes reception cost. However, a substantial power demand is incurred for long distance transmission. Since the transceiver is the major source of power consumption in the node, optimizing the routing for hop length can extend significantly the lifetime of the network. This paper explores when multi-hop routing is more energy efficient than direct transmission to the sink and the conditions for which the two-hop strategy is optimal. Experimental evidence is provided in to support of these conclusions. The tests showed that the superiority of the multi-hop scheme depends on the source-sink distance and reception cost. They also demonstrated that the two- hop strategy is most energy efficient when the relay is at the midpoint of the total transmission radius. Our results may be used in existing routing protocols to select optimal relays or to determine whether it is better to send packets directly to the base station or through intermediate nodes
Link Stability inWireless Multi-Rate Ad Hoc Networks
Wireless ad hoc single-rate environments typically use a Distance Vector routing with a metric based on hop-count minimization. In practice, the technique of minimizing the distance does not reward in the case of multirate, therefore it may be prefereable to use protocols privileging link stability instead of speed and minimum distance. We study link stability in a wireless high mobility environment and propose a Route Discovery mechanism privileging the stablest link.VPN; Network; Protocol.
Optimal resource allocation for route selection in ad-hoc networks
Nowadays, the selection of the optimum path in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETS) is being an important issue that should be solved smartly. In this paper, an optimal path selection method is proposed for MANET using the Lagrange multiplier approach. The optimization problem considers the objective function of maximizing bit rate, under the constraints of minimizing the packet loss, and latency. The obtained simulation results show that the proposed Lagrange optimization of rate, delay, and packet loss algorithm (LORDP) improves the selection of optimal path in comparison to ad-hoc on-demand distance vector protocol (AODV). We increased the performance of the system by 10.6 Mbps for bit rate and 0.133 ms for latency
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