78 research outputs found

    Cognitive Checkpoint: Emerging Technologies for Biometric-Enabled Watchlist Screening

    Get PDF
    This paper revisits the problem of individual risk assessment in the layered security model. It contributes to the concept of balancing security and privacy via cognitive-centric machine called an ’e-interviewer’. Cognitive checkpoint is a cyber-physical security frontier in mass-transit hubs that provides an automated screening using all types of identity (attributed, biometric, and biographical) from both physical and virtual worlds. We investigate how the development of the next generation of watchlist for rapid screening impacts a sensitive balancing mechanism between security and privacy. We identify directions of such an impact, trends in watchlist technologies, and propose ways to mitigate the potential risks

    Policing faces:The present and future of intelligent facial surveillance

    Get PDF
    In this paper, we discuss the present and future uses of intelligent facial surveillance (IFS) in law enforcement. We present an empirical and legally focused case study of live automated facial recognition technologies (LFR) in British policing. In Part I, we analyse insights from 26 frontline police officers exploring their concerns and current scepticism about LFR. We analyse recent UK case law on LFR use by police which raises concerns around human rights, data protection and anti-discrimination laws. In Part II, we consider frontline officers’ optimism around future uses of LFR and explore emerging forms of IFS, namely emotional AI (EAI) technologies. A key novelty of the paper is our analysis on how the proposed EU AI Regulation (AIR) will shape future uses of IFS in policing. AIR makes LFR a prohibited form of AI and EAI use by law enforcement will be regulated as high-risk AI that has to comply with new rules and design requirements. Part III presents a series of 10 practical lessons, drawn from our reflections on the legal and empirical perspectives. These aim to inform any future law enforcement use of IFS in the UK and beyond

    ‘Assisted’ Facial Recognition and the Reinvention of Suspicion and Discretion in Digital Policing

    Get PDF
    Automated facial recognition (AFR) has emerged as one of the most controversial policing innovations of recent years. Drawing on empirical data collected during the United Kingdom’s two major police trials of AFR deployments—and building on insights from the sociology of policing, surveillance studies and science and technology studies—this article advances several arguments. Tracing a lineage from early sociologies of policing that accented the importance of police discretion and suspicion formation, the analysis illuminates how technological capability is conditioned by police discretion, but police discretion itself is also contingent on affordances brought by the operational and technical environment. These, in turn, frame and ‘legitimate’ subjects of a reinvented and digitally mediated ‘bureaucratic suspicion’

    Facing the Future: Protecting Human Rights in Policy Strategies for Facial Recognition Technology in Law Enforcement

    Get PDF

    Critically Envisioning Biometric Artificial Intelligence in Law Enforcement

    Get PDF
    This report presents an overview of the Critically Exploring Biometric AI Futures project led by the University of Edinburgh in partnership with the University of Stirling. This short 3-month project explored the use of new Biometric Artificial Intelligence (AI) in law enforcement, the challenges of fostering trust around deployment and debates surrounding social, ethical and legal concerns

    Critically Envisioning Biometric Artificial Intelligence in Law Enforcement

    Get PDF
    This report presents an overview of the Critically Exploring Biometric AI Futures project led by the University of Edinburgh in partnership with the University of Stirling. This short 3-month project explored the use of new Biometric Artificial Intelligence (AI) in law enforcement, the challenges of fostering trust around deployment and debates surrounding social, ethical and legal concerns

    Technology Gap Navigator: Emerging Design of Biometric-Enabled Risk Assessment Machines

    Get PDF
    This paper reports the Technology Gap (TG) navigator, a novel tool for individual risk assessment in the layered security infrastructure. It is motivated by the practical need of the biometricenabled security systems design. The tool helps specify the conditions for bridging the identified TGs. The input data for the TG navigator includes 1) a causal description of the TG, 2) statistics regarding the available resources and performances, and 3) the required performance. The output includes generated probabilistic conditions, and the corresponding technology requirements for bridging the targeted TG
    • …
    corecore