Towards an efficient distributed cloud architecture

Cloud computing is an emerging field in computer science. Users are utilizing less of their own existing resources, while increasing usage of cloud resources. There are many advantages of distributed computing over centralized architecture. With increase in number of unused storage and computing resources and advantages of distributed computing resulted in distributed cloud computing. In the distributed cloud environment that we propose, resource providers (RP) compete to provide resources to the users. In the distributed cloud all the cloud computing and storage services are offered by distributed resources. In this architecture resources are used and provided by the users in a peer to peer fashion. We propose using multi-valued distributed hash tables for efficient resource discovery. Leveraging the fact that there are many users providing resources such as CPU and memory, we define these resources under one key to easily locate devices with equivalent resources. We then propose a new auction mechanism, using a reserve bid formulated rationally by each user for the optimal allocation of discovered resources. We have evaluated the performance of resource discovery mechanisms for the distributed cloud and distributed cloud storage and compared the results with existing DHTs, peer to peer clients such as VUZE and explored the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed schemes in terms of resource/service discovery and allocation. We use a simultaneous Auction mechanism and select a set of winners once we receive all contributions or bids. In a real world scenario, users request resources with multiple capabilities, and in order to find such resources we use a contribution mechanism where service providers will provide a contribution price to users for providing a resource. Users use our proposed auction mechanism to select the resources from the set of resource providers. We show that Nash equilibrium can be achieved and how we can avoid the problem of free riders in the distributed cloud. Network latency is an important factor when deciding which resource provider to select. We used treeple a secure latency estimation scheme to obtain network measurements in distributed systems. We developed a mobile application using distributed cloud which preserves privacy and provides security for a user. Distributed cloud is used for developing such an application where all the data needs to be close to the users and avoids single point of failure, which is the problem with existing cloud

Privacy preserving algorithms for newly emergent computing environments

Privacy preserving data usage ensures appropriate usage of data without compromising sensitive information. Data privacy is a primary requirement since customers' data is an asset to any organization and it contains customers' private information. Data seclusion cannot be a solution to keep data private. Data sharing as well as keeping data private is important for different purposes, e.g., company welfare, research, business etc. A broad range of industries where data privacy is mandatory includes healthcare, aviation industry, education system, federal law enforcement, etc.In this thesis dissertation we focus on data privacy schemes in emerging fields of computer science, namely, health informatics, data mining, distributed cloud, biometrics, and mobile payments. Linking and mining medical records across different medical service providers are important to the enhancement of health care quality. Under HIPAA regulation keeping medical records private is important. In real-world health care databases, records may well contain errors. Linking the error-prone data and preserving data privacy at the same time is very difficult. We introduce a privacy preserving Error-Tolerant Linking Algorithm to enable medical records linkage for error-prone medical records. Mining frequent sequential patterns such as, patient path, treatment pattern, etc., across multiple medical sites helps to improve health care quality and research. We propose a privacy preserving sequential pattern mining scheme across multiple medical sites. In a distributed cloud environment resources are provided by users who are geographically distributed over a large area. Since resources are provided by regular users, data privacy and security are main concerns. We propose a privacy preserving data storage mechanism among different users in a distributed cloud. Managing secret key for encryption is difficult in a distributed cloud. To protect secret key in a distributed cloud we propose a multilevel threshold secret sharing mechanism. Biometric authentication ensures user identity by means of user's biometric traits. Any individual's biometrics should be protected since biometrics are unique and can be stolen or misused by an adversary. We present a secure and privacy preserving biometric authentication scheme using watermarking technique. Mobile payments have become popular with the extensive use of mobile devices. Mobile applications for payments needs to be very secure to perform transactions and at the same time needs to be efficient. We design and develop a mobile application for secure mobile payments. To secure mobile payments we focus on user's biometric authentication as well as secure bank transaction. We propose a novel privacy preserving biometric authentication algorithm for secure mobile payments

Permissão para partilha seletiva em ambientes IoT

The increasing use of smart devices for monitoring spaces has caused an increase in concerns about the privacy of users of these spaces. Given this problem, the legislation on the right to privacy has been worked to ensure that the existing laws on this subject are sufficiently comprehensive to preserve the privacy of users. In this way, research on this topic evolves in the sense of creating systems that ensure compliance with these laws, that is, increase transparency in the treatment of user data. In the context of this dissertation, a demonstrator-based strategy is presented to provide users control over their stored data during the temporary use of an intelligent environment. In addition, this strategy includes transparency guarantees, highlights the right to forgetting, provides the ability to consent and proof of that consent. A strategy for privacy control in such environments is also mentioned in this paper. This dissertation was developed within the CASSIOPEIA project where the case study focuses on the SmartBnB problem where a user rents a smart home for a limited time. This paper presents the developed system that ensures the user’s privacy and control over their data.O uso crescente de dispositivos inteligentes para monitorização de espaços tem provocado um aumento das preocupações sobre a privacidade dos utilizadores destes espaços. Face a este problema, a legislação sobre o direito à privacidade tem sido trabalhada de forma a garantir que as leis existentes sobre este tema são suficientemente abrangentes para preservar a privacidade dos utilizadores. Desta forma, a investigação neste tópico evolui no sentido de criar sistemas que garantam o cumprimento destas leis, ou seja aumentam a transparência no tratamentos dos dados dos utilizadores. No contexto desta dissertação, é apresentada uma estratégia baseado num demonstrador para fornecer um controlo ao utilizador sobre os seus dados armazenados durante a utilização temporária de um ambiente inteligente. Para além disso, esta estratégia inclui garantias de transparência, evidencia o direito ao esquecimento, fornece a capacidade de consentimento e prova desse consentimento. É também mencionada neste documento uma estratégia para um controlo de privacidade neste tipo de ambientes. Esta dissertação foi desenvolvida no âmbito do projeto CASSIOPEIA onde o caso de estudo se foca no SmartBnB problem onde um utilizador arrenda uma casa inteligente durante um tempo limitado. Este documento apresenta o sistema desenvolvido que garante a privacidade e controlo do utilizador sobre os seus próprios dados.This work is partially funded by NGI Trust, with number 3.85, Pro-ject CASSIOPEIA.Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e Telemátic