430,665 research outputs found

    Polymorphisms of Bovine HSP90 and Their Implications in Beef Cattle Productivity

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    Production of beef cattle represents a 60billionindustryintheUnitedStates(USDA,2015).TheAmericanbeefcattleindustrylosesanestimated60 billion industry in the United States (USDA, 2015). The American beef cattle industry loses an estimated 370 million annually due to heat stress (St-Pierre, 2003). As of 2003, this was equal to nearly 99 million pounds of beef lost (USDA, 2015). The average American consumed roughly 65 pounds of beef in 2003; this means that the 99 million pounds of beef lost to heat stress would have been enough to feed approximately 1.5 million Americans for an entire year (Barclay, 2012)

    Adding value to cull cow beef

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    End of project reportThis project addressed the prospects of increasing the value of cull cow beef and examined the potential of a number of different management and dietary strategies. In Ireland, the national cow herd contributes 350,000 animals to total beef production annually, which represents 22% of all cattle slaughtered (DAF, 2007). A dominant feature of beef production in Ireland is the disposal of cows from the dairy and beef industries, the time of year at which culling occurs influences the number of cows available for slaughter. Suitability of a cow for slaughter is generally not a consideration for dairy or beef farmers

    IMPACTS OF THE URUGUAY ROUND TRADE AGREEMENT ON U.S. BEEF AND CATTLE PRICES

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    The Uruguay Round trade negotiations completed in April 1994 reduced beef trade barriers. Trade barriers for beef products have historically been significant. The Uruguay Round essentially converts many nontariff barriers (quotas) to tariffs (tariffication), includes safeguards for import surges, establishes minimum access commitments, reduces domestic subsidy supports, and provides special tariff allowances for developing countries. These provisions, commensurate with a growing world demand for animal source proteins, will likely increase U.S. fed beef exports and ground beef imports. The United States is a major world producer as well as exporter of beef. In 1996, the United States represented 35 percent of world beef production (ranked first) and 28 percent of world beef exports (ranked second to Australia). U.S. quantity share of the annual world beef export market averaged 5.9 percent between 1980 and 1994 but has increased in recent years. In terms of beef and veal, the United States exports primarily higher-value beef cuts. The United States is the largest single-country beef importer. The U.S. annual quantity share of the world fresh beef import market averaged 16.5 percent between 1980 and 1994. U.S. beef imports primarily consist of lower-quality, manufacturing-grade (ground) beef which is primarily used by the fast-food service industry. The Uruguay Round Agreement will reduce trade restrictions gradually over an implementation period (1995–2000). Specifically, Japan is to reduce its beef tariffs and South Korea will increase its beef import quota by the year 2000. In 2001, South Korean import quotas will be replaced by a tariff. The European Union has agreed to reduce quantities of subsidized exports. In 1995, the United States replaced import quotas with a tariff and a tariff-rate quota. The reduction in trade barriers will increase U.S. beef imports and exports. Because U.S. beef imports are primarily ground beef and exports are primarily table cut beef, beef trade liberalization will have different impacts on producers and consumers of these products. In general, increased imports decrease the price of ground beef and increase per capita ground beef consumption. However, increased beef imports reduce nonfed cattle prices and slaughter. Increased exports cause the prices of table cut beef, fed cattle, and feeder cattle to increase. Per capita consumption of table cut beef declines slightly, and fed cattle slaughter and feeder cattle production both increase. Researchers have estimated that the Uruguay Round Agreement could increase U.S. beef imports by 6–19 percent and U.S. beef exports by 10–75 percent over 1990–1994 average levels. For example, the ground beef price could decline by 0.01–0.01–0.04/lb from average 1990–1994 levels because of increased imports. Thus, the price of nonfed cattle (which generally produce ground beef) could decline by 0.71–0.71–2.55/cwt. Conversely, because the United States exports primarily table cut beef, the table cut beef price in the United States could increase by 0.01–0.01–0.09/lb. Increased foreign demand for table cut beef would cause the price of boxed beef to increase by 0.05–0.05–0.10/lb and the price of fed cattle to increase by 0.62–0.62–5.46/cwt relative to average prices received during the 1990–1994 period. B extension, increased demand for fed cattle would increase feeder cattle price by 0.61–0.61–5.40/cwt over average prices received during the 1990–1994 period.GATT, beef trade, cattle prices, Q0, International Relations/Trade, Demand and Price Analysis,

    IMPACT OF EXPORTS ON THE U.S. BEEF INDUSTRY

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    Policy and programmatic decisions dealing with beef exports require good information as to the impact of exports on the domestic beef industry. This paper utilizes a partial equilibrium model of the world beef market to assess the impacts on the U.S. beef sector of increases in real income in major beef importing countries, the impacts of changes in the prices of pork and poultry products, and the impacts of changes in the price of feedgrains. A one percent increase in real GDP in Canada, Japan, Mexico, and South Korea yielded a 1.6 percent increase in U.S. exports of high-quality beef. This increase in exports leads to approximately a 29.2 million pound increase U.S. beef production on a retail weight basis. The increase in export demand also yields an increase in beef prices of approximately 0.275percwt.ona0.275 per cwt. on a 120 box of beef and 0.18percwtona0.18 per cwt on a 70 fed steer. One percent increases in the prices of pork and poultry products yield a smaller 0.8 percent increase in U.S. beef exports, but also lead to a 1.5 percent increase in U.S. imports of low-quality beef. This is due to U.S. consumers viewing low-quality beef as a substitute for pork and poultry. Finally, a one percent increase in the price of feedgrains reduces U.S. beef exports by 0.4 percent. This is due to a reduction in U.S. beef production from the increased feeding costs.International Relations/Trade, Livestock Production/Industries,

    The U.S. Import of Beef: Substitute or Complement for Domestic Beef Production?

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    U.S. beef producers have always been concerned that beef imports may depress prices. Consumer groups have held the opposite view. This research addresses this issue by assessing the impact of beef imports on wholesale domestic beef prices. This is done by estimating the flexibilities between domestic beef, choice and select grades, and imported beef at the wholesale level. No statistical evidence is found to support either producer or consumer view. This may be resultant of small import volumes of beef. Beef exports, however, have a statistically measurable effect on domestic beef prices, especially the select grade.beef imports, flexibilities, inverse demand, substitutes, wholesale beef prices, Agribusiness, Demand and Price Analysis, International Relations/Trade,

    A TARGET CONSUMER PROFILE AND POSITIONING FOR PROMOTION OF A NEW LOCALLY BRANDED BEEF PRODUCT

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    This research examines the consumer profile and positioning for a new locally branded beef product. The research involves 413 beef consumers in California. The target consumers for the new locally branded beef product are approximately one-third of beef consumers in the local area. They are older, married, and from higher dual-income households. The target consumers for the new locally branded beef product are likely to have purchased other branded beef products. Approximately one-half of the beef consumers indicated that they make their meat purchase decisions in the store. The characteristics of beef that are important to the consumers when purchasing beef are price, quality, and appearance of the beef. Therefore, competitive pricing, packaging that highlights the product, and point of purchase material that focuses on the brand concept are very important to the positioning and marketing of the new branded beef product.Consumer/Household Economics,

    A DECISION SUPPORT AID FOR BEEF CATTLE INVESTMENT USING EXPERT SYSTEMS

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    The beef cattle investment decision provides an excellent opportunity to increase the economic efficiency of beef cattle production. The investment questions that face beef cattle producers are of interest to beef cattle producers, educators, and financial institutions involved in lending to beef cattle producing firms. This study develops a decision support aid utilizing expert system technology to assist beef cattle producers in making well-founded investment decisions with respect to the firm's beef cattle herd.Beef cattle investment, Decision support, Export systems, Livestock Production/Industries,
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