3,203 research outputs found

    Towards a deployment tool for wireless access networks with minimal power consumption

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    The power consumption of wireless access networks will become an important issue in the coming years. In this paper, the power consumption of base stations for mobile WiMAX, HSPA, and LTE is modelled. This power consumption is related to the coverage of the base station. The considered technologies are compared according to their energy efficiency for different bit rates at a bandwidth of 5 MHz. For this particular case and based on the assumptions of parameters of the specifications, HSPA is the least energy-efficient technology. Until a bit rate of 11 Mbps LTE is the most energy-efficient while for higher bit rates mobile WiMAX performs the best. Furthermore the influence of MIMO is investigated. A decrease of about 80% for mobile WiMAX and about 74% for HSPA and LTE for the power consumption per covered area is found for a 4*4 MIMO system compared to a SISO system. The introduction of MIMO has thus a positive influence on the energy efficiency of the considered technologies. The power consumption and coverage model for base stations is then used to develop a prediction tool for power consumption in wireless access networks

    Motorized cart

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    Motorized cart is known as an effective tool and timeless that help people carry heavy loads. For farmers, it has an especially vital tool for moving goods. Oil palm farmers typically uses the wheelbarrow to move the oil palm fruit (Figure 10.1). However, there is a lack of equipment that should be further enhanced in capabilities. Motorized carts that seek to add automation to wheelbarrow as it is to help people save manpower while using it. At present, oil palm plantation industry is among the largest in Malaysia. However, in an effort to increase the prestige of the industry to a higher level there are challenges to be faced. Shortage of workers willing to work the farm for harvesting oil palm has given pain to manage oil palm plantations. Many have complained about the difficulty of hiring foreign workers and a high cost. Although there are tools that can be used to collect or transfer the proceeds of oil palm fruits such as carts available. However, these tools still have the disadvantage that requires high manpower to operate. Moreover, it is not suitable for all land surfaces and limited cargo space. Workload and manpower dependence has an impact on farmers' income

    Applications of Soft Computing in Mobile and Wireless Communications

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    Soft computing is a synergistic combination of artificial intelligence methodologies to model and solve real world problems that are either impossible or too difficult to model mathematically. Furthermore, the use of conventional modeling techniques demands rigor, precision and certainty, which carry computational cost. On the other hand, soft computing utilizes computation, reasoning and inference to reduce computational cost by exploiting tolerance for imprecision, uncertainty, partial truth and approximation. In addition to computational cost savings, soft computing is an excellent platform for autonomic computing, owing to its roots in artificial intelligence. Wireless communication networks are associated with much uncertainty and imprecision due to a number of stochastic processes such as escalating number of access points, constantly changing propagation channels, sudden variations in network load and random mobility of users. This reality has fuelled numerous applications of soft computing techniques in mobile and wireless communications. This paper reviews various applications of the core soft computing methodologies in mobile and wireless communications

    Performance evaluation of broadband fixed wireless system based on IEEE 802.16

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    Fixed Wireless Access systems operating below 11 GHz have the potential to provide broadband wireless access for non line-of-sight operation. In this paper the performance of a typical broadband fixed wireless system based on the IEEE 802.16-2004 specifications is determined. A scenario for business applications with outdoor customer premises equipment is investigated in the 3.5 GHz frequency band. Different path loss models and terrain types are considered. Coverage and throughput in a sector are determined for this business scenario

    System level evaluation of interference in vehicular mobile broadband networks

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