The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 in the stream of U.S. monetary history

The establishment of the Federal Reserve System marked a new stage in a process of monetary and banking experimentation dating back to the nation’s beginnings.Federal Reserve System - History ; Monetary policy ; Banks and banking - History

The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 in the stream of U.S. monetary history

The establishment of the Federal Reserve System marked a new stage in a process of monetary and banking experimentation dating back to the nation’s beginnings.Federal Reserve System - History ; Monetary policy ; Banks and banking - History

Theoretical and experimental studies of space-related plasma wave propagation and resonance phenomena

The testing and refinement of various ideas for space plasma experimentation on the spacelab are dealt with. Special attention was given to whistlers and Alfven wave excitation by electron and proton beams. Data also consider nonlinear wave propagation, long delayed echoes, pulse propagation, and ionospheric heating and back scatter

Applications of ISES for the oceans

The need in oceanography for direct broadcast, why, and what type are discussed. Four reasons for support exist: need for real-time observations in support of field studies; need to back up point failures; need for experimentation with onboard processing and selection of data for direct broadcasting; and the need to develop future operational NOAA systems. Each of these areas is examined

Experimental verification of an eddy-current bearing

A new type of electromagnetic bearing was built and tested. It consists of fixed AC-electromagnets in a star formation surrounding a conducting rotor. The bearing works by repulsion due to eddy-currents induced in the rotor. A single bearing is able to fully support a short rotor. The rotor support is inherently stable in all five degrees of freedom. No feedback control is needed. The bearing is also able to accelerate the rotor up to speed and decelerate the rotor back to standstill. The bearing design and the experimentation to verify its capabilities are described

Compact Bilinear Pooling

Bilinear models has been shown to achieve impressive performance on a wide range of visual tasks, such as semantic segmentation, fine grained recognition and face recognition. However, bilinear features are high dimensional, typically on the order of hundreds of thousands to a few million, which makes them impractical for subsequent analysis. We propose two compact bilinear representations with the same discriminative power as the full bilinear representation but with only a few thousand dimensions. Our compact representations allow back-propagation of classification errors enabling an end-to-end optimization of the visual recognition system. The compact bilinear representations are derived through a novel kernelized analysis of bilinear pooling which provide insights into the discriminative power of bilinear pooling, and a platform for further research in compact pooling methods. Experimentation illustrate the utility of the proposed representations for image classification and few-shot learning across several datasets.Comment: Camera ready version for CVP

Strategic investment and learning with private information

We study a two-player game of strategic experimentation in which agents choose the timing of investments which yield uncertain returns over time. Agents learn about future returns through privately observed signals, others’ investment decisions and from public experimentation outcomes when returns are realized. We characterize symmetric equilibria, and we relate the extent of strategic delay of investments in equilibrium to the primitives of the information structure. Agents invest without delay when the most optimistic intermediate belief exceeds a threshold. Otherwise, delay in investments induces a negative learning feed-back which may either escalate or dampen beliefs and investment choices. We highlight how private information in strategic experimentation can increase ex ante welfare because of strategic uncertainty and due to an «encouragement effect of private information»

Fabrication process of palm empty fruit brunches reinforced with box waste coated super hydrophobic for shoe pad application

The shoe manufacturing process goes back to 1844 when Charles Goodyear made a breakthrough after years of experimentation. The researcher used a process and called as vulcanization to heat natural rubber in order to mix it with sulfur and a concoction that helped create the type of rubber used in shoe soles today..

Alternatives to Laboratory Animals: Definition and Discussion

The origins of the concept of alternatives to the use of animals in research may be traced back to the 1800\u27s and the furore about using live animals in surgical and other experiments. Some of the animal protection societies in England were prepared to accept animal experimentation provided it was performed under anesthesia. Even Dr. Marshall Hall, who championed the spread of experimental medicine in 19th century England, considered it necessary to control and prevent unwarranted, inept and cruel experimentation (French, 1975). The concept of alternatives has developed in the 20th century to encompass not only the reduction (prevention) of painful experimentation, but also the reduction and/or total replacement of animal use in research (Russell & Burch, 1959). This booklet is a review of the scientific and technical aspects of alternatives . It does not attempt to debate the ethical questions surrounding animal experimentation nor provide a catalogue of cases of animal research. It provides a relatively brief introduction to the potential and limitations of the concept of alternatives--a concept which could ultimately lead to the resolution of the longstanding conflict between those opposed to painful experiments and those seeking to improve human and animal health