200,561 research outputs found
Information system support in construction industry with semantic web technologies and/or autonomous reasoning agents
Information technology support is hard to find for the early design phases of the architectural design process. Many of the existing issues in such design decision support tools appear to be caused by a mismatch between the ways in which designers think and the ways in which information systems aim to give support. We therefore started an investigation of existing theories of design thinking, compared to the way in which design decision support systems provide information to the designer. We identify two main strategies towards information system support in the early design phase: (1) applications for making design try-outs, and (2) applications as autonomous reasoning agents. We outline preview implementations for both approaches and indicate to what extent these strategies can be used to improve information system support for the architectural designer
Optimal alignment algorithm for context-sensitive hidden Markov models
The hidden Markov model is well-known for its efficiency in modeling short-term dependencies between adjacent samples. However, it cannot be used for modeling longer-range interactions between symbols that are distant from each other. In this paper, we introduce the concept of context-sensitive HMM that is capable of modeling strong pairwise correlations between distant symbols. Based on this model, we propose a polynomial-time algorithm that can be used for finding the optimal state sequence of an observed
symbol string. The proposed model is especially useful in modeling palindromes, which has an important application in RNA secondary structure analysis
User Guide for AutoCSM: Automated Capacity Spectrum Method of Analysis
No Abstract Submitte
Communication models, translation, and fidelity
The fact that people regularly translate from one language to another or-as the American Bible Society (ABS) New Media Translations Project has done-from one medium to another, may seem to make it easier to evaluate those translations. At some point, people can, and do, claim that one translation works while another does not, that one translation has greater aesthetic qualities than another, or that one translation is more faithful than another. The fact that people make such judgments, though, does not necessarily make it easier to explain theoretically how they make them.
Among other things, communication study examines both the process of communicating and the product. What might it contribute to an understanding of fidelity in translation? Various perspectives on communication, reflected in models of communication, can illuminate the process and, indirectly, the attendant question of fidelity. Without attempting any comprehensive treatment, I shall present four such perspectives: communication as transportation, communication as a semiotic system, communication as ritual, and communication as conversation. After a brief introduction to each, I shall examine the consequences of each for fidelity in translation. Finally, I shall offer me more genera l comments drawn from this treatment.
Early communication theory, following a kind of transportation model, fosters a view of fidelity that favors a sense of equivalence-something that can be measured . Later communication theory follows a more ritualistic view and asks what communicators do with communication; in this view, fidelity becomes more functional. Yet another approach sees communication as a manifestation of semiotic systems; in this view, fidelity manifests surface changes in a deeper structure (see essays by Hodgson and Stecconi in this volume). Finally, an interactive approach places communication as a conversational system; here fidelity takes on a different value-more a characteristic of the audience than of the text
Deterministically Driven Avalanche Models of Solar Flares
We develop and discuss the properties of a new class of lattice-based
avalanche models of solar flares. These models are readily amenable to a
relatively unambiguous physical interpretation in terms of slow twisting of a
coronal loop. They share similarities with other avalanche models, such as the
classical stick--slip self-organized critical model of earthquakes, in that
they are driven globally by a fully deterministic energy loading process. The
model design leads to a systematic deficit of small scale avalanches. In some
portions of model space, mid-size and large avalanching behavior is scale-free,
being characterized by event size distributions that have the form of
power-laws with index values, which, in some parameter regimes, compare
favorably to those inferred from solar EUV and X-ray flare data. For models
using conservative or near-conservative redistribution rules, a population of
large, quasiperiodic avalanches can also appear. Although without direct
counterparts in the observational global statistics of flare energy release,
this latter behavior may be relevant to recurrent flaring in individual coronal
loops. This class of models could provide a basis for the prediction of large
solar flares.Comment: 24 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Solar
Physic
A Call to Arms: Revisiting Database Design
Good database design is crucial to obtain a sound, consistent database, and -
in turn - good database design methodologies are the best way to achieve the
right design. These methodologies are taught to most Computer Science
undergraduates, as part of any Introduction to Database class. They can be
considered part of the "canon", and indeed, the overall approach to database
design has been unchanged for years. Moreover, none of the major database
research assessments identify database design as a strategic research
direction.
Should we conclude that database design is a solved problem?
Our thesis is that database design remains a critical unsolved problem.
Hence, it should be the subject of more research. Our starting point is the
observation that traditional database design is not used in practice - and if
it were used it would result in designs that are not well adapted to current
environments. In short, database design has failed to keep up with the times.
In this paper, we put forth arguments to support our viewpoint, analyze the
root causes of this situation and suggest some avenues of research.Comment: Removed spurious column break. Nothing else was change
Recent Conceptual Consequences of Loop Quantum Gravity. Part II: Holistic Aspects
Based on the foundational aspects which have been discussed as consequences
of ongoing research on loop quantum gravity in the first part of this paper,
the holistic aspects of the latter are discussed in this second part, aiming at
a consistent and systematic approach to eventually model a hierarchically
ordered architecture of the world which is encompassing all of what there
actually is. The idea is to clarify the explicit relationship between physics
and philosophy on the one hand, and philosophy and the sciences in general, on
the other. It is shown that the ontological determination of worldliness is
practically identical with its epistemological determination so that the
(scientific) activity of modelling and representing the world can be visualized
itself as a (worldly) mode of being.Comment: 20 page
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