Implementation and Evaluation of Activity-Based Congestion Management Using P4 (P4-ABC)

Activity-Based Congestion management (ABC) is a novel domain-based QoS mechanism providing more fairness among customers on bottleneck links. It avoids per-flow or per-customer states in the core network and is suitable for application in future 5G networks. However, ABC cannot be configured on standard devices. P4 is a novel programmable data plane specification which allows defining new headers and forwarding behavior. In this work, we implement an ABC prototype using P4 and point out challenges experienced during implementation. Experimental validation of ABC using the P4-based prototype reveals the desired fairness results

X-ray satellite (ROSAT)

With regards to technical performance, the project is running according to plan. An increase in total cost outlay was required. The new Dornier Systems schedule projects ROSAT launch readiness for April 27, 1988. However, as a result of the Challenger accident, no binding launch date has been received from NASA. The thirteenth status review was conducted at the prime contractor in March, 1986. Assembly of the FM mirror system has been interrupted due to irregularities in the gold damping; in addition, mission operation and simulator development are effected by understaffing. Postponements have been announced in the data transmission and components acquisition subsystems

Do buffer requirements for European systemically important banks make them less systemic?

Los colchones de capital para las entidades de importancia sistémica (EIS) fueron diseñados para mitigar los riesgos que suponen estos bancos grandes y complejos. Mediante un modelo de datos de panel para una muestra de bancos europeos que cotizan en bolsa se demuestra que los requerimientos de capital para las EIS logran reducir el riesgo sistémico percibido por los mercados en relación con estas instituciones, aproximado mediante el indicador SRISK de Brownlees y Engle (2017). También se analiza el impacto de los mecanismos de ajuste que utilizan los bancos para cumplir con estos requerimientos de capital para las EIS y su contribución al riesgo sistémico. Los resultados muestran que, ante un aumento de los colchones fijados para las EIS, los bancos responden principalmente mediante aumentos de su capital, en línea con el objetivo de los reguladores. Una vez introducidas en el modelo las diferentes opciones a disposición de las EIS para cumplir con estos requerimientos y ciertas características de las entidades (como, por ejemplo, el tamaño total de sus activos), se encuentra un efecto residual por el hecho de tener el estatus de EIS. Este resultado sugiere que ser designada como EIS proporciona una señal positiva a los mercados, que hace disminuir su contribución al riesgo sistémico.Buffers for systemically important institutions (SIIs) were designed to mitigate the risks posed by these large and complex banks. With a panel data model for a sample of listed European banks, we demonstrate that capital requirements for SIIs effectively reduce the perceived systemic risk of these institutions, which we proxy with the SRISK indicator in Brownlees and Engle (2017). We also study the impact of the adjustment mechanisms that banks use to comply with SII buffer requirements and their contribution to systemic risk. The results show that banks mainly respond to higher SII buffers by increasing their equity, as intended by the regulators. Once we control for the options SIIs employ to fulfil these requirements and SII characteristics (e.g. total asset size), we find a residual effect of having SII status. This result suggests that being an SII provides a positive signal to markets by further decreasing its contribution to systemic risk