Knot Placement of B-spline Curves with Equally Spaced Geometric Information

受每个节点区间应该具有相同建模能力的启发,提出一种基于几何信息均分的B样条曲线节点设置算法.首先放置少量节点,以每个节点区间具有相等的几何信息量; 准则来确定节点的位置;为了提高样条的建模能力,根据上一次迭代中的拟合误差确定加细节点区间并使新节点均分该节点区间的几何信息.该算法可以快速有效地; 得到用户指定精度的逼近曲线.通过对一些具有不同几何复杂度的实例进行实验的结果表明,文中算法是有效的;与现有的2种算法相比,; 该算法在相同控制顶点的情况下能够得到更高精度的逼近结果.Motivated by the observation that each knot interval should be of the; same modeling ability, a knot placement algorithm based on equally; spaced geometric information for B-spline curves is proposed. In the; algorithm, a few of knots are determined according to the principle that; each knot interval is of the same amount of geometric information at the; initial iteration. In order to improve the modeling ability of the; B-splines, the knot interval needed to be refined is determined by the; last fitting errors and the new knot inserted is placed to equally space; the accumulated geometric information in the knot interval. Via the; adaptive knot placement algorithm, approximated curve with specified; tolerance can be produced rapidly and efficiently. Several models with; distinct geometric complexities are tested to demonstrate the efficacy; of our algorithm in fitting curves. Comparing to other two available; methods, more accurate results can be obtained by our method with the; same number of control points.国家自然科学基金; 福建省自然科学基金; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资

Optimal Surface Fitting of Point Clouds Using Local Refinement

This open access book provides insights into the novel Locally Refined B-spline (LR B-spline) surface format, which is suited for representing terrain and seabed data in a compact way. It provides an alternative to the well know raster and triangulated surface representations. An LR B-spline surface has an overall smooth behavior and allows the modeling of local details with only a limited growth in data volume. In regions where many data points belong to the same smooth area, LR B-splines allow a very lean representation of the shape by locally adapting the resolution of the spline space to the size and local shape variations of the region. The iterative method can be modified to improve the accuracy in particular domains of a point cloud. The use of statistical information criterion can help determining the optimal threshold, the number of iterations to perform as well as some parameters of the underlying mathematical functions (degree of the splines, parameter representation). The resulting surfaces are well suited for analysis and computing secondary information such as contour curves and minimum and maximum points. Also deformation analysis are potential applications of fitting point clouds with LR B-splines

Solid NURBS Conforming Scaffolding for Isogeometric Analysis

This work introduces a scaffolding framework to compactly parametrise solid structures with conforming NURBS elements for isogeometric analysis. A novel formulation introduces a topological, geometrical and parametric subdivision of the space in a minimal plurality of conforming vectorial elements. These determine a multi-compartmental scaffolding for arbitrary branching patterns. A solid smoothing paradigm is devised for the conforming scaffolding achieving higher than positional geometrical and parametric continuity. Results are shown for synthetic shapes of varying complexity, for modular CAD geometries, for branching structures from tessellated meshes and for organic biological structures from imaging data. Representative simulations demonstrate the validity of the introduced scaffolding framework with scalable performance and groundbreaking applications for isogeometric analysis

A sharp interface isogeometric strategy for moving boundary problems

The proposed methodology is first utilized to model stationary and propagating cracks. The crack face is enriched with the Heaviside function which captures the displacement discontinuity. Meanwhile, the crack tips are enriched with asymptotic displacement functions to reproduce the tip singularity. The enriching degrees of freedom associated with the crack tips are chosen as stress intensity factors (SIFs) such that these quantities can be directly extracted from the solution without a-posteriori integral calculation. As a second application, the Stefan problem is modeled with a hybrid function/derivative enriched interface. Since the interface geometry is explicitly defined, normals and curvatures can be analytically obtained at any point on the interface, allowing for complex boundary conditions dependent on curvature or normal to be naturally imposed. Thus, the enriched approximation naturally captures the interfacial discontinuity in temperature gradient and enables the imposition of Gibbs-Thomson condition during solidification simulation. The shape optimization through configuration of finite-sized heterogeneities is lastly studied. The optimization relies on the recently derived configurational derivative that describes the sensitivity of an arbitrary objective with respect to arbitrary design modifications of a heterogeneity inserted into a domain. The THB-splines, which serve as the underlying approximation, produce sufficiently smooth solution near the boundaries of the heterogeneity for accurate calculation of the configurational derivatives. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.