17,753 research outputs found
Syntactic Abstraction of B Models to Generate Tests
In a model-based testing approach as well as for the verification of
properties, B models provide an interesting solution. However, for industrial
applications, the size of their state space often makes them hard to handle. To
reduce the amount of states, an abstraction function can be used, often
combining state variable elimination and domain abstractions of the remaining
variables. This paper complements previous results, based on domain abstraction
for test generation, by adding a preliminary syntactic abstraction phase, based
on variable elimination. We define a syntactic transformation that suppresses
some variables from a B event model, in addition to a method that chooses
relevant variables according to a test purpose. We propose two methods to
compute an abstraction A of an initial model M. The first one computes A as a
simulation of M, and the second one computes A as a bisimulation of M. The
abstraction process produces a finite state system. We apply this abstraction
computation to a Model Based Testing process.Comment: Tests and Proofs 2010, Malaga : Spain (2010
Combining Syntactic and Semantic Bidirectionalization
Matsuda et al. [2007, ICFP] and Voigtlander [2009, POPL] introduced two techniques that given a source-to-view function provide an update propagation function mapping an original source and an updated view back to an updated source, subject to standard consistency conditions. Being fundamentally different in approach, both
techniques have their respective strengths and weaknesses. Here we develop a synthesis of the two techniques to good effect. On the intersection of their applicability domains we achieve more than what a simple union of applying the techniques side by side deliver
ISML: an interface specification meta-language
In this paper we present an abstract metaphor model situated within a model-based user interface framework. The inclusion of metaphors in graphical user interfaces is a well established, but mostly craft-based strategy to design. A substantial body of notations and tools can be found within the model-based user interface design literature, however an explicit treatment of metaphor and its mappings to other design views has yet to be addressed. We introduce the Interface Specification Meta-Language (ISML) framework and demonstrate its use in comparing the semantic and syntactic features of an interactive system. Challenges facing this research are outlined and further work proposed
Exploring Metaphorical Senses and Word Representations for Identifying Metonyms
A metonym is a word with a figurative meaning, similar to a metaphor. Because
metonyms are closely related to metaphors, we apply features that are used
successfully for metaphor recognition to the task of detecting metonyms. On the
ACL SemEval 2007 Task 8 data with gold standard metonym annotations, our system
achieved 86.45% accuracy on the location metonyms. Our code can be found on
GitHub.Comment: 9 pages, 8 pages conten
Controlled Natural Language Generation from a Multilingual FrameNet-based Grammar
This paper presents a currently bilingual but potentially multilingual
FrameNet-based grammar library implemented in Grammatical Framework. The
contribution of this paper is two-fold. First, it offers a methodological
approach to automatically generate the grammar based on semantico-syntactic
valence patterns extracted from FrameNet-annotated corpora. Second, it provides
a proof of concept for two use cases illustrating how the acquired multilingual
grammar can be exploited in different CNL applications in the domains of arts
and tourism
A Diagram Is Worth A Dozen Images
Diagrams are common tools for representing complex concepts, relationships
and events, often when it would be difficult to portray the same information
with natural images. Understanding natural images has been extensively studied
in computer vision, while diagram understanding has received little attention.
In this paper, we study the problem of diagram interpretation and reasoning,
the challenging task of identifying the structure of a diagram and the
semantics of its constituents and their relationships. We introduce Diagram
Parse Graphs (DPG) as our representation to model the structure of diagrams. We
define syntactic parsing of diagrams as learning to infer DPGs for diagrams and
study semantic interpretation and reasoning of diagrams in the context of
diagram question answering. We devise an LSTM-based method for syntactic
parsing of diagrams and introduce a DPG-based attention model for diagram
question answering. We compile a new dataset of diagrams with exhaustive
annotations of constituents and relationships for over 5,000 diagrams and
15,000 questions and answers. Our results show the significance of our models
for syntactic parsing and question answering in diagrams using DPGs
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