805 research outputs found

    Ethernet - a survey on its fields of application

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    During the last decades, Ethernet progressively became the most widely used local area networking (LAN) technology. Apart from LAN installations, Ethernet became also attractive for many other fields of application, ranging from industry to avionics, telecommunication, and multimedia. The expanded application of this technology is mainly due to its significant assets like reduced cost, backward-compatibility, flexibility, and expandability. However, this new trend raises some problems concerning the services of the protocol and the requirements for each application. Therefore, specific adaptations prove essential to integrate this communication technology in each field of application. Our primary objective is to show how Ethernet has been enhanced to comply with the specific requirements of several application fields, particularly in transport, embedded and multimedia contexts. The paper first describes the common Ethernet LAN technology and highlights its main features. It reviews the most important specific Ethernet versions with respect to each application field’s requirements. Finally, we compare these different fields of application and we particularly focus on the fundamental concepts and the quality of service capabilities of each proposal

    Internet of robotic things : converging sensing/actuating, hypoconnectivity, artificial intelligence and IoT Platforms

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    The Internet of Things (IoT) concept is evolving rapidly and influencing newdevelopments in various application domains, such as the Internet of MobileThings (IoMT), Autonomous Internet of Things (A-IoT), Autonomous Systemof Things (ASoT), Internet of Autonomous Things (IoAT), Internetof Things Clouds (IoT-C) and the Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT) etc.that are progressing/advancing by using IoT technology. The IoT influencerepresents new development and deployment challenges in different areassuch as seamless platform integration, context based cognitive network integration,new mobile sensor/actuator network paradigms, things identification(addressing, naming in IoT) and dynamic things discoverability and manyothers. The IoRT represents new convergence challenges and their need to be addressed, in one side the programmability and the communication ofmultiple heterogeneous mobile/autonomous/robotic things for cooperating,their coordination, configuration, exchange of information, security, safetyand protection. Developments in IoT heterogeneous parallel processing/communication and dynamic systems based on parallelism and concurrencyrequire new ideas for integrating the intelligent “devices”, collaborativerobots (COBOTS), into IoT applications. Dynamic maintainability, selfhealing,self-repair of resources, changing resource state, (re-) configurationand context based IoT systems for service implementation and integrationwith IoT network service composition are of paramount importance whennew “cognitive devices” are becoming active participants in IoT applications.This chapter aims to be an overview of the IoRT concept, technologies,architectures and applications and to provide a comprehensive coverage offuture challenges, developments and applications

    QoE on media deliveriy in 5G environments

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    231 p.5G expandirĂĄ las redes mĂłviles con un mayor ancho de banda, menor latencia y la capacidad de proveer conectividad de forma masiva y sin fallos. Los usuarios de servicios multimedia esperan una experiencia de reproducciĂłn multimedia fluida que se adapte de forma dinĂĄmica a los intereses del usuario y a su contexto de movilidad. Sin embargo, la red, adoptando una posiciĂłn neutral, no ayuda a fortalecer los parĂĄmetros que inciden en la calidad de experiencia. En consecuencia, las soluciones diseñadas para realizar un envĂ­o de trĂĄfico multimedia de forma dinĂĄmica y eficiente cobran un especial interĂ©s. Para mejorar la calidad de la experiencia de servicios multimedia en entornos 5G la investigaciĂłn llevada a cabo en esta tesis ha diseñado un sistema mĂșltiple, basado en cuatro contribuciones.El primer mecanismo, SaW, crea una granja elĂĄstica de recursos de computaciĂłn que ejecutan tareas de anĂĄlisis multimedia. Los resultados confirman la competitividad de este enfoque respecto a granjas de servidores. El segundo mecanismo, LAMB-DASH, elige la calidad en el reproductor multimedia con un diseño que requiere una baja complejidad de procesamiento. Las pruebas concluyen su habilidad para mejorar la estabilidad, consistencia y uniformidad de la calidad de experiencia entre los clientes que comparten una celda de red. El tercer mecanismo, MEC4FAIR, explota las capacidades 5G de analizar mĂ©tricas del envĂ­o de los diferentes flujos. Los resultados muestran cĂłmo habilita al servicio a coordinar a los diferentes clientes en la celda para mejorar la calidad del servicio. El cuarto mecanismo, CogNet, sirve para provisionar recursos de red y configurar una topologĂ­a capaz de conmutar una demanda estimada y garantizar unas cotas de calidad del servicio. En este caso, los resultados arrojan una mayor precisiĂłn cuando la demanda de un servicio es mayor

    Quality of Experience monitoring and management strategies for future smart networks

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    One of the major driving forces of the service and network's provider market is the user's perceived service quality and expectations, which are referred to as user's Quality of Experience (QoE). It is evident that QoE is particularly critical for network providers, who are challenged with the multimedia engineering problems (e.g. processing, compression) typical of traditional networks. They need to have the right QoE monitoring and management mechanisms to have a significant impact on their budget (e.g. by reducing the users‘ churn). Moreover, due to the rapid growth of mobile networks and multimedia services, it is crucial for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to accurately monitor and manage the QoE for the delivered services and at the same time keep the computational resources and the power consumption at low levels. The objective of this thesis is to investigate the issue of QoE monitoring and management for future networks. This research, developed during the PhD programme, aims to describe the State-of-the-Art and the concept of Virtual Probes (vProbes). Then, I proposed a QoE monitoring and management solution, two Agent-based solutions for QoE monitoring in LTE-Advanced networks, a QoE monitoring solution for multimedia services in 5G networks and an SDN-based approach for QoE management of multimedia services

    Self-Evolving Integrated Vertical Heterogeneous Networks

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    6G and beyond networks tend towards fully intelligent and adaptive design in order to provide better operational agility in maintaining universal wireless access and supporting a wide range of services and use cases while dealing with network complexity efficiently. Such enhanced network agility will require developing a self-evolving capability in designing both the network architecture and resource management to intelligently utilize resources, reduce operational costs, and achieve the coveted quality of service (QoS). To enable this capability, the necessity of considering an integrated vertical heterogeneous network (VHetNet) architecture appears to be inevitable due to its high inherent agility. Moreover, employing an intelligent framework is another crucial requirement for self-evolving networks to deal with real-time network optimization problems. Hence, in this work, to provide a better insight on network architecture design in support of self-evolving networks, we highlight the merits of integrated VHetNet architecture while proposing an intelligent framework for self-evolving integrated vertical heterogeneous networks (SEI-VHetNets). The impact of the challenges associated with SEI-VHetNet architecture, on network management is also studied considering a generalized network model. Furthermore, the current literature on network management of integrated VHetNets along with the recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML) solutions are discussed. Accordingly, the core challenges of integrating AI/ML in SEI-VHetNets are identified. Finally, the potential future research directions for advancing the autonomous and self-evolving capabilities of SEI-VHetNets are discussed.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figures, 2 table

    Application of service composition mechanisms to Future Networks architectures and Smart Grids

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    Aquesta tesi gira entorn de la hipĂČtesi de la metodologia i mecanismes de composiciĂł de serveis i com es poden aplicar a diferents camps d'aplicaciĂł per a orquestrar de manera eficient comunicacions i processos flexibles i sensibles al context. MĂ©s concretament, se centra en dos camps d'aplicaciĂł: la distribuciĂł eficient i sensible al context de contingut multimĂšdia i els serveis d'una xarxa elĂšctrica intel·ligent. En aquest Ășltim camp es centra en la gestiĂł de la infraestructura, cap a la definiciĂł d'una Software Defined Utility (SDU), que proposa una nova manera de gestionar la Smart Grid amb un enfocament basat en programari, que permeti un funcionament molt mĂ©s flexible de la infraestructura de xarxa elĂšctrica. Per tant, revisa el context, els requisits i els reptes, aixĂ­ com els enfocaments de la composiciĂł de serveis per a aquests camps. Fa especial Ăšmfasi en la combinaciĂł de la composiciĂł de serveis amb arquitectures Future Network (FN), presentant una proposta de FN orientada a serveis per crear comunicacions adaptades i sota demanda. TambĂ© es presenten metodologies i mecanismes de composiciĂł de serveis per operar sobre aquesta arquitectura, i posteriorment, es proposa el seu Ășs (en conjunciĂł o no amb l'arquitectura FN) en els dos camps d'estudi. Finalment, es presenta la investigaciĂł i desenvolupament realitzat en l'Ă mbit de les xarxes intel·ligents, proposant diverses parts de la infraestructura SDU amb exemples d'aplicaciĂł de composiciĂł de serveis per dissenyar seguretat dinĂ mica i flexible o l'orquestraciĂł i gestiĂł de serveis i recursos dins la infraestructura de l'empresa elĂšctrica.Esta tesis gira en torno a la hipĂłtesis de la metodologĂ­a y mecanismos de composiciĂłn de servicios y cĂłmo se pueden aplicar a diferentes campos de aplicaciĂłn para orquestar de manera eficiente comunicaciones y procesos flexibles y sensibles al contexto. MĂĄs concretamente, se centra en dos campos de aplicaciĂłn: la distribuciĂłn eficiente y sensible al contexto de contenido multimedia y los servicios de una red elĂ©ctrica inteligente. En este Ășltimo campo se centra en la gestiĂłn de la infraestructura, hacia la definiciĂłn de una Software Defined Utility (SDU), que propone una nueva forma de gestionar la Smart Grid con un enfoque basado en software, que permita un funcionamiento mucho mĂĄs flexible de la infraestructura de red elĂ©ctrica. Por lo tanto, revisa el contexto, los requisitos y los retos, asĂ­ como los enfoques de la composiciĂłn de servicios para estos campos. Hace especial hincapiĂ© en la combinaciĂłn de la composiciĂłn de servicios con arquitecturas Future Network (FN), presentando una propuesta de FN orientada a servicios para crear comunicaciones adaptadas y bajo demanda. TambiĂ©n se presentan metodologĂ­as y mecanismos de composiciĂłn de servicios para operar sobre esta arquitectura, y posteriormente, se propone su uso (en conjunciĂłn o no con la arquitectura FN) en los dos campos de estudio. Por Ășltimo, se presenta la investigaciĂłn y desarrollo realizado en el ĂĄmbito de las redes inteligentes, proponiendo varias partes de la infraestructura SDU con ejemplos de aplicaciĂłn de composiciĂłn de servicios para diseñar seguridad dinĂĄmica y flexible o la orquestaciĂłn y gestiĂłn de servicios y recursos dentro de la infraestructura de la empresa elĂ©ctrica.This thesis revolves around the hypothesis the service composition methodology and mechanisms and how they can be applied to different fields of application in order to efficiently orchestrate flexible and context-aware communications and processes. More concretely, it focuses on two fields of application that are the context-aware media distribution and smart grid services and infrastructure management, towards a definition of a Software-Defined Utility (SDU), which proposes a new way of managing the Smart Grid following a software-based approach that enable a much more flexible operation of the power infrastructure. Hence, it reviews the context, requirements and challenges of these fields, as well as the service composition approaches. It makes special emphasis on the combination of service composition with Future Network (FN) architectures, presenting a service-oriented FN proposal for creating context-aware on-demand communication services. Service composition methodology and mechanisms are also presented in order to operate over this architecture, and afterwards, proposed for their usage (in conjunction or not with the FN architecture) in the deployment of context-aware media distribution and Smart Grids. Finally, the research and development done in the field of Smart Grids is depicted, proposing several parts of the SDU infrastructure, with examples of service composition application for designing dynamic and flexible security for smart metering or the orchestration and management of services and data resources within the utility infrastructure

    Mechanisms for QoE optimisation of video traffic: a review paper

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    Transmission of video traffic over the Internet has grown exponentially in the past few years with no sign of waning. This increasing demand for video services has changed user expectation of quality. Various mechanisms have been proposed to optimise the Quality of Experience (QoE) of end users’ video. Studying these approaches are necessary for new methods to be proposed or combination of existing ones to be tailored. We discuss challenges facing the optimisation of QoE for video traffic in this paper. It surveys and classifies these mechanisms based on their functions. The limitation of each of them is identified and future directions are highlighted

    Big Data and Large-scale Data Analytics: Efficiency of Sustainable Scalability and Security of Centralized Clouds and Edge Deployment Architectures

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    One of the significant shifts of the next-generation computing technologies will certainly be in the development of Big Data (BD) deployment architectures. Apache Hadoop, the BD landmark, evolved as a widely deployed BD operating system. Its new features include federation structure and many associated frameworks, which provide Hadoop 3.x with the maturity to serve different markets. This dissertation addresses two leading issues involved in exploiting BD and large-scale data analytics realm using the Hadoop platform. Namely, (i)Scalability that directly affects the system performance and overall throughput using portable Docker containers. (ii) Security that spread the adoption of data protection practices among practitioners using access controls. An Enhanced Mapreduce Environment (EME), OPportunistic and Elastic Resource Allocation (OPERA) scheduler, BD Federation Access Broker (BDFAB), and a Secure Intelligent Transportation System (SITS) of multi-tiers architecture for data streaming to the cloud computing are the main contribution of this thesis study
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