Improving ICE Service Selection in a P2P System using the Gradient Topology

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A Survey on Handover Management in Mobility Architectures

This work presents a comprehensive and structured taxonomy of available techniques for managing the handover process in mobility architectures. Representative works from the existing literature have been divided into appropriate categories, based on their ability to support horizontal handovers, vertical handovers and multihoming. We describe approaches designed to work on the current Internet (i.e. IPv4-based networks), as well as those that have been devised for the "future" Internet (e.g. IPv6-based networks and extensions). Quantitative measures and qualitative indicators are also presented and used to evaluate and compare the examined approaches. This critical review provides some valuable guidelines and suggestions for designing and developing mobility architectures, including some practical expedients (e.g. those required in the current Internet environment), aimed to cope with the presence of NAT/firewalls and to provide support to legacy systems and several communication protocols working at the application layer

miR126-5p Downregulation Facilitates Axon Degeneration and NMJ Disruption via a Non-Cell-Autonomous Mechanism in ALS.

Axon degeneration and disruption of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) are key events in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathology. Although the disease\u27s etiology is not fully understood, it is thought to involve a non-cell-autonomous mechanism and alterations in RNA metabolism. Here, we identified reduced levels of miR126-5p in presymptomatic ALS male mice models, and an increase in its targets: axon destabilizing Type 3 Semaphorins and their coreceptor Neuropilins. Using compartmentalize

On The Feasibility Of Centrally-Coordinated Peer-To-Peer Live Streaming

In this paper we present an exploration of central coordination as a way of managing P2P live streaming overlays. The main point is to show the elements needed to construct a system with that approach. A key element in the feasibility of this approach is a near real-time optimization engine for peer selection. Peer organization in a way that enables high bandwidth utilization plus optimized peer selection based on multiple utility factors make it possible to achieve large source bandwidth savings and provide high quality of user experience. The benefits of our approach are also seen most when NAT constraints come into play

Shuffling with a Croupier: Nat-Aware Peer-Sampling

Despite much recent research on peer-to-peer (P2P) protocols for the Internet, there have been relatively few practical protocols designed to explicitly account for Network Address Translation gateways (NATs). Those P2P protocols that do handle NATs circumvent them using relaying and hole-punching techniques to route packets to nodes residing behind NATs. In this paper, we present Croupier, a peer sampling service (PSS) that provides uniform random samples of nodes in the presence of NATs in the network. It is the first NAT-aware PSS that works without the use of relaying or hole-punching. By removing the need for relaying and hole-punching, we decrease the complexity and overhead of our protocol as well as increase its robustness to churn and failure. We evaluated Croupier in simulation, and, in comparison with existing NAT-aware PSS’, our results show similar randomness properties, but improved robustness in the presence of both high percentages of nodes behind NATs and massive node failures. Croupier also has substantially lower protocol overhead

Cellular for the skies: exploiting mobile network infrastructure for low altitude air-to-ground communications

In this article we presented an overview of UASs for civil applications focusing on the communication component. We identified several available communication technologies for UAVs, their constraints, and also protocols available for implementing the remote operation of the vehicles. As an attractive solution for the A2G communication link for UAVs, we discussed the potential of mobile networks with their fully deployed infrastructures, wide radio coverage, high throughputs, reduced latencies, and large availability of radio modems. We described how a UAS can be implemented in a flexible and modular approach that allows it to rely on one or several wireless (UAVs and GCSs) and wired (GCSs) technologies. Despite the advantages of a system based on cellular and IP networks, there are problems that must be dealt with, namely, possible loss of radio coverage, presence of NAT, delay, jitter, and packet loss. Following the proposed architecture, we implemented an UAS and conducted some flight tests, which showed that the operation of the vehicles in semi-automatic or fully-automatic modes is feasible. It is expected that future enhancements for 4G networks and evolution to 5G will benefit UAV communications even further with lower latencies, higher throughput, and higher reliability.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio