16 research outputs found

    An investigation into employee perceptions of the factors that influence transfer of training at Standard Executors and Trustees.

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    Thesis (MBA)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2005.This dissertation focuses on the transfer of training at Standard Executors and Trustees. Studies indicate that too often managers in organisations get involved in what they call training, which they carry out as a matter of routine (Erasmus and Van Dyk,1999:10). This form of training, which is done merely for the sake of training, does not add any tangible benefits for the employee or the organisation. Chapter one of this study presents a background to the company and the issues surrounding the transfer of training as well as some of the benefits that may be achieved by positive transfer of training within an organisation. The chapter also contains a statement of the objectives and hypotheses of the study. Chapters two, three and four present the literature, which was reviewed for the study. In Chapter two various definitions of training, development, learning and transfer of training are explored. Chapter three looks at a systematic approach to transfer of training and Chapter four looks at the transfer process model, which focuses on work Environment Factors that influence transfer of training in organisations. Chapter five outlines the research methodology that was followed in this study. Chapter six presents the field study, which involved the following: • The design of a research questionnaire to investigate the perceptions held by employees in relation to the factors they believe influence transfer of training at Standard Executors and Trustees. • The development of a research model. • The presentation of the research findings. The study ends with Chapter seven which provides a conclusion, discussion and recommendations in respect of the research findings. The key research findings are that Transfer of Training within Standard Executors and Trustees is greatly influenced by: • The assessment of training needs. • The employee's motivation to learn. • The employee's ability to learn. The research also indicates that the while the under-mentioned variables have an influence on Transfer of Training at Standard Executors and Trustees, their influence is not significant: • The design of training. • The selection of an appropriate training venue. • The evaluation of employee performance during and after attending a training course. • The use of goal setting and relapse prevention techniques. • The issue of organisational support was also investigated, however the statements investigating this aspect of the study had very low reliability values and in the final analysis this area will need further research

    NASA/ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program

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    This document is a collection of technical reports on research conducted by the participants in the 1993 NASA/ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program at KSC. The basic common objectives of the Program are: to further the professional knowledge of qualified engineering and science faculty members; to stimulate an exchange of ideas between participants and NASA; to enrich and refresh the research and teaching activities of participants' institutions; and to contribute to the research objectives of the NASA centers. 1993 topics include wide band fiber optic communications, a prototype expert/information system for examining environmental risks of KSC activities, alternatives to premise wiring using ATM and microcellular technologies, rack insertion end effector (RIEE) automation, FTIR quantification of industrial hydraulic fluids in perchloroethylene, switch configuration for migration to optical fiber network, and more

    Aeronautical decision-making (ADM) training : the identification of training needs, developing a training program and evaluating the effectiveness of a training intervention

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    Flying a high-technology fighter with high stakes and under high g-force is not only an issue of skilled psychomotor performance but also of real-time decision-making involving situation awareness, choice amongst alternatives, time pressure and risk assessment. There is no aeronautical decision-making (ADM) training program for military pilots in existence neither in the R. O. C. Air Force nor around the world, although academic research had recognized the training needs for aeronautical decision-making. This research consists of three studies described in six chapters to develop an effective solution for ADM problems in order to improve military pilots' decision-making in a dynamic and time-limited tactical environment. The first chapter is an executive summary comprised by three studies. The second chapter identified ADM training needs by applied the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS). Without good analysis it is impossible to identify precisely the training needs and the nature of the training content required for improving pilots' performance. The third chapter examined five ADM training mnemonics in six different decision-making scenarios for developing an ADM training program. There are many ADM mnemonics available. However, there was lack of empirical research investigating the efficiency of those ADM mnemonics in the real-time tactical environment. The fourth chapter evaluates the effectiveness of ADM training program by simulator trials and pencil and paper trials. The fifth chapter is overall discussion, followed by the final chapter containing conclusions and recommendations. This research demonstrated that ADM training program did improve pilots' in-flight decision-making performance. Improvements in pilots' situation assessment and risk management were obtained, but these were traded-off for response time. To improve the quality of pilots' decision-making, the ADM training program needs to be coordinated with real-time simulator scenarios training. The findings have demonstrated that the ADM training program significantly improved pilots' situation assessment and risk management. However, it still needs to be established if these performance gains continue to be evident at a later date during actual operations.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

    Therapeutic attitudes and the acquisition of competence during CBT training

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    Psychotherapy has differentiated into models of practice based on diverse principles. Current policies in the UK favour expansion of empirically supported treatments, especially cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). This is likely to result in therapists seeking training in CBT after previously adhering to other models.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

    The integration of information and communication technology into basic education schools in Oman: a study of teachers' use of ICT and the influence of related factors

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    This study investigates teachers' use of Information and Communication technology (ICT) in Basic Education schools in Oman. The introduction of ICT was a reform in the education system embarked upon in 1998 which aimed to transfer the schools from the traditional style to more progressive through the integration of technology into teaching and learning. The main focus of the present study is on exploring the influence of different factors on the use of ICT, such as the availability of different types of equipment, teacher training, learning resource centres, administration and attitudes toward the importance of the educational technology to the teaching-learning process.The study is based on both quantitative and qualitative data gathered using a variety of methods: questionnaires, interviews and classroom observations. The questionnaire sample consisted of 743 teachers. Interviews and observations were conducted with 23 teachers in all regions in Oman.Results indicate that teachers' use of ICT was low and most of them (around two thirds of the sample) still rely on traditional media tools; ICT use by Basic Education teachers was still confined primarily to laboratory settings; and teachers' technology experiences were not directly integrated into daily classroom instruction or lesson planning. Access to resources, time, training, home use and support were identified as factors that influence the integration of technology into daily instruction.Among the findings of the study are continuing weaknesses in ICT integration and the need for improved and more flexible in-service training. In addition, the study argues that the main concern of the Basic Education teachers was the lack of support, which could be improved by offering technical, administrative and suitable guides and knowledge to help them the achieve the higher levels of ICT integration

    Aeronautical Engineering: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 188)

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    This bibliography lists 477 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in May 1985. The coverage includes documents on the engineering and theoretical aspects of design, construction, evaluation, testing, operation, and performance of aircraft (including aircraft engines) and associated components, equipment and systems

    Alcohol and youth work

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    This thesis is an analysis of a curriculum development process used to train youth workers to raise and respond to alcohol issues. Within an interpretivist framework, a seven-stage model of curriculum planning was developed. Stage 1 involved examination of the literature on youth work and alcohol and youth work training, an empirical needs assessment study (via a national survey and in-depth consultation in one youth service) and examination of the results in relation to the literature on young people and alcohol. Stage 2 used the stage 1 data to define the rationale, which in turn informed stages 3-5, formulation of aims and learning outcomes, learning activities and teaching resources. Stage 6, delivery, involved pilot courses in in- service and initial-training contexts. Illuminative evaluation was used to assess the training process (Stage 7) and its impact on youth worker practice. The staged model was found to be a practical curriculum development framework, particularly combined with an action-research approach. The study confirmed the importance of thorough training needs assessment, including the needs of service users. Youth workers were found to typically adopt a reactive approach to alcohol issues, which focused on individual young drinkers rather than structural determinants of alcohol-related harm. The pilot courses were successful in stimulating planned alcohol education initiatives. Features of training that enabled youth workers to tackle alcohol issues included: a clear rationale based on youth work principles, harm-reduction goals, understanding the place and meaning of alcohol in young people's lives, a practice focus and managerial support. The study discusses the implications of the findings for youth work training and informal education practice and suggests a strategy for fixture development of the alcohol training materials

    The development of the Traffic Conflicts Technique: an approach to the study of road accidents

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    A practical and reliable alternative or supplement to injury accident data is necessary to diagnose dangerous sites and evaluate remedial measures because available accident data is scarce, is lacking in detail about the events preceding the accident and it takes a long time to accumulate statistically reliable data. The most favoured alternative is the Traffic Conflicts Technique which satisfies most of the requirements of a supplementary measure, but has so far only been successfully validated for rural dual carriageway intersections (Spicer, 1973). To establish the technique it is necessary a) to ensure that the subjective judgements on which it is based are reliable, b) to develop the best methods of recording conflicts, and of training and selecting observers, and then c) to test the validity of the best available technique. The main part of this thesis reports three studies aimed at each one of these issues. In the first study intra observer reliability tested on filmed material varied between rs = 0.30 and 0.91 (0.65 overall for N = 42), but poor observers could be identified. By selecting the best observers an overall reliability figure of up to 0.88 could be obtained. Reliable observers remained reliable or even improved slightly on the second testing. These reliable observers also showed good agreement with expert judges who had viewed the film many times, and by selection a correlation with the criterion value of up to 0.83 could be obtained. In the second study a new recording method was developed, incorporating factors that experienced observers used to differentiate the grades of severity currently in use. This helped observers by defining the criteria for detection and grading of a conflict more objectively. This increased the overall intra observer reliability from 0.73 to 0.80, and agreement with the criterion values from 0.66 to 0.76. Transfer from laboratory to field led to a drop in the numbers of conflicts reported. From these studies and a survey of the requirements of local authority accident investigation units, a manual and training package was developed giving guidance on training and selecting observers for the purpose of obtaining reliable conflict data, such as that required for validating the technique. In the third study this package was validated in a study of a sample of eight urban T-junctions. Again the best observers were selected and found to have an overall reliability of 0.88. It was found that, when rear end conflicts were excluded (on the grounds that they led to so few reported injury accidents while occurring in large numbers), there was a high correlation between accidents per vehicle and conflicts per vehicle (rs = 0.79, p<0.025), accounting for 62% of the variance. This compares very favourably with the maximum possible percentage (77%) which could be expected given the relaibility (rs = 0.88) of the observers. Although a validity correlation of 0.79 is very satisfactory and the method of obtaining the data is reasonably economical, an attempt was made to find a still more economical alternative to accident statistics. The most obvious of these are subjective judgements or a combination of these with traffic flow. Traffic flow data for different manoeuvres at each of the eight T-junction sites were obtained and various groups of people were asked to judge the subjective risk of these sites from scale maps and photographs or directly on-site. Judgements from maps and photographs tended to be negatively correlated with accidents. The best subjective estimate (driving instructors judging on-site) correlated 0.44. An attempt to improve on these by combining the traffic flows and judged risk of the different manoeuvres at each site failed to produce a higher correlation. None of these correlations were significant, but the failure of any one of several different corrrelations to be higher than 0.46 suggests very strongly that these simpler methods are very unlikely to have the validity of the full conflicts technique. However, the present study has validated the Traffic Conflicts Technique only for urban T-junctions (the commonest of all accident sites). It could, therefore, only be used for evaluating the effects of small changes in the layout of such junctions. It could be used to evaluate more radical changes eg. T-junction converted to a mini roundabout, provided the conflict to accident ratios of the different layouts were known. In this study the conflict to accident ratio was 125:1 for vehicles turning right out of the minor road. For the T-junctions as a whole it was 275:1 while Older and Spicer(1976) found a ratio of 2000:1 for rural dual carriageway intersections. By obtaining more information of this kind, the utility of the Traffic Conflicts Technique could be greatly extended

    An Annotated Bibliography of Objective Pilot Performance Measures

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    FINAL REPORT - February-September 1981Author William F. Moroney taught at NPS in Operations Research and Naval Aviation Safety. Author Ted R. Mixon was a student in Operations Research.[Robert] Buckout's review in 1962 was the last comprehensive examination of the pilot performance measurement PPM literature. This annotated bibliography attempts to 1 gather the PPM literature written subsequent to 1962 into one source 2 describe the scenarios and measures used in collecting PPM data and 3 summarize the major premises and findings of each article. A variety of sources including computer aided literature search were used to identify candidate articles. Ultimately all referenced material was divided into three categories 1 objective pilot performance measurement 2 subjective pilot performance measures and 3 general analysis and review articles. The objective performance measure category was arranged as follows Field Conditions, Simulator Conditions, Laboratory Conditions, and Combination of Field Conditions, Simulator andor Laboratory Conditions. For each of the objective measure articles reviewed, the following parameters were reported subjects, equipment, scenario, measures and summary. For the subjective measures and general analysis and review articles the authors abstract was generally duplicated. In addition to the 189 articles addressing objective performance measurement, 30 articles dealing with subjective measures and 143 related analyses and review articles are contained in the bibliography.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
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