14,536 research outputs found

    Unconstrained video monitoring of breathing behavior and application to diagnosis of sleep apnea

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    This paper presents a new real-time automated infrared video monitoring technique for detection of breathing anomalies, and its application in the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea. We introduce a novel motion model to detect subtle, cyclical breathing signals from video, a new 3-D unsupervised self-adaptive breathing template to learn individuals' normal breathing patterns online, and a robust action classification method to recognize abnormal breathing activities and limb movements. This technique avoids imposing positional constraints on the patient, allowing patients to sleep on their back or side, with or without facing the camera, fully or partially occluded by the bed clothes. Moreover, shallow and abdominal breathing patterns do not adversely affect the performance of the method, and it is insensitive to environmental settings such as infrared lighting levels and camera view angles. The experimental results show that the technique achieves high accuracy (94% for the clinical data) in recognizing apnea episodes and body movements and is robust to various occlusion levels, body poses, body movements (i.e., minor head movement, limb movement, body rotation, and slight torso movement), and breathing behavior (e.g., shallow versus heavy breathing, mouth breathing, chest breathing, and abdominal breathing). © 2013 IEEE

    Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes

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    This bibliography lists 138 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in Jun. 1980

    Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 355)

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    This bibliography lists 147 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information System during October, 1991. Subject coverage includes: aerospace medicine and psychology, life support systems and controlled environments, safety equipment, exobiology and extraterrestrial life, and flight crew behavior and performance

    Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes, supplement 165, March 1977

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    This bibliography lists 198 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in February 1977

    Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 349)

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    This bibliography lists 149 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information System during April, 1991. Subject coverage includes: aerospace medicine and psychology, life support systems and controlled environments, safety equipment, exobiology and extraterrestrial life, and flight crew behavior and performance

    Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes, supplement 212

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    A bibliography listing 146 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system is presented. The subject coverage concentrates on the biological, psychological, and environmental factors involved in atmospheric and interplanetary flight. Related topics such as sanitary problems, pharmacology, toxicology, safety and survival, life support systems, and exobiology are also given attention

    Continuous sensing and quantification of body motion in infants:A systematic review

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    Abnormal body motion in infants may be associated with neurodevelopmental delay or critical illness. In contrast to continuous patient monitoring of the basic vitals, the body motion of infants is only determined by discrete periodic clinical observations of caregivers, leaving the infants unattended for observation for a longer time. One step to fill this gap is to introduce and compare different sensing technologies that are suitable for continuous infant body motion quantification. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review for infant body motion quantification based on the PRISMA method (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). In this systematic review, we introduce and compare several sensing technologies with motion quantification in different clinical applications. We discuss the pros and cons of each sensing technology for motion quantification. Additionally, we highlight the clinical value and prospects of infant motion monitoring. Finally, we provide suggestions with specific needs in clinical practice, which can be referred by clinical users for their implementation. Our findings suggest that motion quantification can improve the performance of vital sign monitoring, and can provide clinical value to the diagnosis of complications in infants.</p

    Contactless extraction of respiratory rate from depth and thermal sensors

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    Monitoring of respiration and restless sleep can help detect sleep disturbances that may be indicative of poor health and functional deficits. The current methods of estimating the respiratory rate such as Pneumograph, Capnograph, Photo-plethysmograph (PPG), Respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP), involve sensors that are in contact with the patient. However, we have a few scenarios such as in hospitals and senior retirement communities where we would like to non-invasively collect the respiration rate and restless body motion where we are not able to place these types of sensors on patients. The initial requirement was to non-invasively monitor vital activity of patients in psychiatric centers. This work investigates a novel approach to estimate the respiratory rate of a person lying on the bed using depth and thermal sensors along with other signal processing algorithms. The initial proof of concept tests were conducted on three subjects. Additional testing on a diverse group of ten participants (ranging in age and body type) was performed to validate the algorithm and the data collection method. The depth and thermal waveforms captured were tested to explore a new approach for detecting individual respiratory rate noninvasively, using various algorithms to detect the region of the bed, common grids where a person is present, best signal selection from grids, and accurately estimate the respiratory rate and amount of body movement during sleep. The performance results at approximately 30 frames per second for the set of 10 participants was a mean error difference of 0.6 breaths per minute for the time domain algorithm and 0.8 breaths per minute for the frequency domain algorithm.Includes bibliographical reference

    Aerospace Medicine and Biology. A continuing bibliography with indexes

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    This bibliography lists 244 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in February 1981. Aerospace medicine and aerobiology topics are included. Listings for physiological factors, astronaut performance, control theory, artificial intelligence, and cybernetics are included

    Pressure Ulcer Prevention System

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    Pressure ulcers, also known as bedsores, are a widespread but often understated problem. A pressure ulcer is an injury that develops with constant pressure on an area of skin for a long time. They range from bruises to open wounds to even exposed bone. These injuries especially impact bedridden and elderly hospital inpatients, since these people must depend on nursing staff for mobility. Pressure ulcers can seem to be a solved problem. Solutions that completely eliminate pressure ulcers do exist. These solutions, however, are too expensive for widespread use, at thousands of dollars per bed. Other solutions, such as relying on nursing staff to move all patients is not reliable, and nurses develop chronic back pain from the strain of moving so many patients so often. The Pressure Ulcer Prevention System is designed specifically to be an affordable solution for these injuries in a hospital or assisted living setting. The system collects data from a gyroscopic sensor and multiple pressure sensors mounted on the patient, and sends an alert to the nurses’ station if a patient is at risk of developing a pressure ulcer, and needs attending. The system does not replace nurse care, nor does it change the most common solution of manually moving patients, but it instead helps nursing staff be more efficient
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