Embedded Based Drip Irrigation System using WSN and GSM Module

Agriculture plays the vital role in economics and survival of people in India. Nowadays Indian agriculture faces a two major problem. We know the government has promoted a free supply of electricity to farmers for irrigation purpose to run their motors and pumps. But it is found that the farmers misusing the electricity to run their home appliances such as radio, TV, fans, and etc. This misuse of electricity has brought a considerable problem for government to supply free electricity. The main objective of this project is to design low cost Automated Irrigation System using a Wireless Sensor Network and GPRS Module. The main aim of this project is to provide embedded based system for irrigation to reduce the manual monitoring of the field and GPRS gives their information. This proposed system recognizes whether the free electricity has been used excluding electric motors for pumping water and if so electricity is being misused, it shuts the total stockpile for the farmers through a tripping circuit. By using wireless networks we can intimate the electricity board about this mal convention. The development of this project at experimental level within rural areas is presented and the implementation has to exhibit that the automatic irrigation can be used

Surveillance and Steering of Agricultural Field using Zigbee

An agricultural automated system is designed for supervising and controlling the variegated factors s uch as humidity, water level, temperature and human machination. This system is a wireless sensor network using ZigBee as the transmission medium fo r the sensed values of the facets of agriculture. Sensors gather the various agricultural factors in real ti me and transmit it using IoT application .Internet of things collaborates with one another to perform action on behalf of people to reduce or eliminate the need of hu man labor. IoT will become a reality over the next few years, with omnipresent smart dev ices will be able to execute autonomously according to the change in their surroundings. There is also inclusion of the GSM gateway administering the sensor statistics from the coordinator to the router ZigBee, which is used to disseminate data to the web application. The coding was instigated with threshold values of the factors monitored and was programmed into micro - controller with uses IoT application to send an alert to the user mobile phone to be aware of the a dverse conditions of the field. I t also helps to control the condition to avoid the major loss of crops

Application of Wireless Nano Sensors Network and Nanotechnology in Precision Agriculture: Review

Due to a series of global issues in recent years, such as the food crisis, the impact of fertilizer on climate change, and improper use of irrigation that’s way precision agriculture is the best solution for alleviating this problem. One of the most important and interesting information technology is the wireless Nanosensor network with the help of Nanotechnology will boost crop productivity, maintain the fertility status of the soil, save the water with precise application of irrigation in the field and minimize the loss of excess fertilizer through the precise application. In this paper, we have surveyed the importance of sensor networks in precision agriculture and the importance of Nanosensors with the help of Nanotechnology for remote monitoring in the various application of the agriculture field. View Article DOI: 10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i04.00

Design and development of Automated irrigation System

This paper defines the method for development in traditional irrigation system. Using wireless Network System sensors are proposed to check soil moisture and field temperature. The system will use wireless network of soil moisture sensor and temperature sensor at root zone of plant. Data will be collected from sensors will be evaluated using algorithm. Some threshold points are to be set into micro controller for measurement. Photo voltaic panels are to be designed for power supply. Data communications will takes place with duplex communication link based on cellular-Internet interface that allowed for data analysis and irrigation scheduling will be programmed through a web page. System will be designed with low cost for water saving up to 80% compared with traditional irrigation particles of agricultural zone

Computational Contributions to the Automation of Agriculture

The purpose of this paper is to explore ways that computational advancements have enabled the complete automation of agriculture from start to finish. With a major need for agricultural advancements because of food and water shortages, some farmers have begun creating their own solutions to these problems. Primarily explored in this paper, however, are current research topics in the automation of agriculture. Digital agriculture is surveyed, focusing on ways that data collection can be beneficial. Additionally, self-driving technology is explored with emphasis on farming applications. Machine vision technology is also detailed, with specific application to weed management and harvesting of crops. Finally, the effects of automating agriculture are briefly considered, including labor, the environment, and direct effects on farmers

Literature Review on IOT Based Smart Security and Monitoring Devices for Agriculture

A smart way of automating farming process can be called as Smart Agriculture. By implying an automated system it possible to eliminate threats to the crops by reducing the human intervention. The major emphasize will be on providing favorable atmosphere for plants. These agricultural automated systems will help in managing and maintain safe environment especially the agricultural areas. Environment real time monitoring is an important factor in smart farming. Graphical User Interface based software will be provided to control the hardware system and the system will be entirely isolated environment, equipped with sensors like temperature sensor, humidity sensor. The controllers will be managed by a master station which will communicate with the human interactive software. The system will provide smart interface to the farmers. This smart system can increase the level of production than the current scenario. This system will realize smart solution for agriculture and efficientlysolve the issues related to farmers. The environment will not be the barrier for production and growth of any plant and can overcome the problem of scarcity of farming production

Cloud based Smart Irrigation for Agricultural Area of Pakistan

A beneficial product of Smart Irrigation for Agricultural Area of Pakistan has been presented in this paper. Pakistan stands in need of a participatory solution that is efficiently workable, sustainable, and profitable, to develop the way for the agricultural sector by improving crop productivity with minimum water loss. The goal of this project is to introduce Cloud support to the Smart Irrigation System for Agricultural Area of Pakistan. To achieve this objective Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is used to determine how much water to apply and when to irrigate. The system is divided into four main modules, i.e. Sensor node, Coordinator node, Server Module and Web Application. On the basis of acquired parameters from the WSN, the software application is programmed to take intelligent decisions increase the efficiency of the agricultural system

무선 통신 기반의 스마트 관개 모니터링 시스템

학위논문 (석사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 공과대학 기계공학부, 2020. 8. 안성훈.농업은 개발 도상국들의 경제적 중추임에도 불구하고 대부분의 개발 도상국에서는 자동화된 장비나 데이터 모니터링 등의 지능형 시스템이 거의 적용되지 못한 상태에서 인력에 의해 농업의 모든 과정을 수행하고 있다. 관개는 농작물의 생산성에 결정적 영향을 미치는 필수적인 농업 공정중 하나로서, 연중 강우량의 변동에 대한 대응을 위하여 대부분의 농촌지역에는 농업용수 관개 시스템의 구축을 위해 노력하고 있다. 하지만, 이러한 인력에 의한 농업 방법에서의 관개 시스템은 스마트 센서를 이용한 모니터링 및 제어 등의 기술적 요소가 적용되지 못하여 효율적인 수자원의 활용이 제한되고 이로 인해 농작물의 생산성 또한 낮은 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 개발 도상국의 농촌 지역에서 적용 가능한 무선통신(RF: Radio Frequency) 기반의 스마트 관개 모니터링 시스템 및 요금 선불 시스템을 제안한다. 본 연구는 탄자니아 아루샤(Arusha) 지역의 응구루도토(Ngurudoto) 마을을 대상으로 수행되었다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 시스템은 기상 데이터와 토양 수분 데이터를 하이브리드로 분석하여 농업 용수의 소요를 모니터링한다. 하드웨어 시스템은 기상 측정 컨트롤러, 토양 수분 센서, 수류 센서, 솔레노이드 밸브 및 요금 선불 시스템 등으로 구성된다. 시스템의 각 센서는 무선 통신을 통해 서버로 수집된 데이터를 전송하도록 구축되었는데, 이러한 무선 통신 시스템 아키텍처는 인터넷의 운용이 제한되는 네트워크 오지 지역에 적합하도록 설계되었다. 수집된 데이터에 대한 분석 및 예측은 데이터 분석 알고리즘을 통해 수행되는데, 이를 통하여 농장에 용수를 공급할 시기 및 수량과 함께 요구되는 전력량이 자동으로 판단된다. 한편, 선불시스템은 데이터 분석 결과에 기반하여 용수 사용자가 용수를 공급받기 전에 비용을 우선 지불하도록 개발되었다. 본 시스템의 모든 센서에서 수집된 정보는 실시간으로 모니터링되도록 그래픽 기반의 사용자 인터페이스를 활용하여 정보를 제공한다. 본 연구를 통하여 개발된 무선 통신 기반 스마트 관개 모니터링 시스템은 사용자 중심의 편의성과 경제적인 관개 및 모니터링 시스템을 제공하여 개발 도상국의 경제적 기반인 농업 분야의 발전에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠것으로 기대한다.Agriculture is the backbone of the economy of most developing countries. In these countries, agriculture or farming is mostly done manually with little integration of machinery, intelligent systems and data monitoring. Irrigation is an essential process that influences crop production. The fluctuating amount of rainfall per year has led to the adaption of irrigation systems in most farms. This manual type of farming has proved to yield fair results, however, due to the absence of smart sensors monitoring methods and control, it has failed to be a better type of farming and thus leading to low harvests and draining water sources. In this paper, we introduce an RF (Radio Frequency) based Smart Irrigation Meter System and a water prepayment system in rural areas of Tanzania. Specifically, Ngurudoto area in Arusha region where it will be used as a case study for data collection. The proposed system is hybrid, comprising of both weather data (evapotranspiration) and soil moisture data. The architecture of the system has on-site weather measurement controllers, soil moisture sensors buried on the ground, water flow sensors, solenoid valve, and a prepayment system. These sensors send data to the server through wireless RF based communication architecture, which is suitable for areas where the internet is not reliable and, it is interpreted and decisions and predictions are made on the data by our data analysis algorithm. The decisions made are, when to automatically irrigate a farm and the amount of water and the power needed. Then, the user has to pay first before being supplied with water. All these sensors and water usage are monitored in real time and displaying the information on a custom built graphical user interface. The RF-based smart irrigation monitoring system has both economical and social impact on the developing countries' societies by introducing a convenient and affordable means of Irrigation system and autonomous monitoring.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Background of the study and Literature review 3 1.1.Purpose of Research 17 Chapter 3. Requirements and System Design 21 3.1. Key Components 21 3.1.1. System Architecture 21 3.1.2. The Smart Irrigation Meter 22 3.1.2. Parts of Smart Irrigation Meter 23 3.1.3. The pre-paid system and the monitoring device 26 3.2. The Monitoring Application and Cloud Server. 27 Chapter 4. Experiment Setup 30 4.1. Testing Location 30 4.2. Hardware & Software Setup 31 Chapter 5 Results and Analysis 36 5.1 Optimization and anomaly detection algorithm 36 5.1.1 Dynamic Regression Model 36 5.1.2 Nave classifier algorithm for anomaly detection. 38 Chapter 6. Conclusion 44 References 46 초 록 49Maste

A Review on Smart Plant Monitoring System

Environmental factor monitoring is very important since the last few decades. It has become very significant to monitor the agricultural environments for various factors such as temperature, moisture, humidity along with other factors can be of more significance. Automated plant monitoring system consists of a feedback control system that employs monitoring of environmental parameters such soil moisture, temperature and humidity are measured which plays an important role in overall development of the crop and good yield. Conservation of water and other resource can be achieved by optimizing these parameters. A traditional approach for measuring these factors in an agricultural environment meant individuals manually taking measurements and checking them at various times. In this paper, plant monitoring systems using wireless protocols used by different researchers for betterment of agricultural yield with best possible technologies is reviewed. The paper also reviews the various sensors available to monitor above environmental parameters and focuses on smart plant monitoring to suite such types of end application