4,889 research outputs found
Independent Verification and Validation of Complex User Interfaces: A Human Factors Approach
The Usability Testing and Analysis Facility (UTAF) at the NASA Johnson Space Center has identified and evaluated a potential automated software interface inspection tool capable of assessing the degree to which space-related critical and high-risk software system user interfaces meet objective human factors standards across each NASA program and project. Testing consisted of two distinct phases. Phase 1 compared analysis times and similarity of results for the automated tool and for human-computer interface (HCI) experts. In Phase 2, HCI experts critiqued the prototype tool's user interface. Based on this evaluation, it appears that a more fully developed version of the tool will be a promising complement to a human factors-oriented independent verification and validation (IV&V) process
Information systems evaluation methodologies
Due to the prevalent use of Information Systems (IS) in modern organisations nowadays, evaluation research in this field is becoming more and more important. In light of this, a set of rigorous methodologies were developed and used by IS researchers and practitioners to evaluate the increasingly complex IS implementation used. Moreover, different types of IS and different focusing perspectives of the evaluation require the selection and use of different evaluation approaches and methodologies. This paper aims to identify, explore, investigate and discuss the various key methodologies that can be used in IS evaluation from different perspectives, namely in nature (e.g. summative vs. formative evaluation) and in strategy (e.g. goal-based, goal-free and criteria-based evaluation). The paper concludes that evaluation methodologies should be selected depending on the nature of the IS and the specific goals and objectives of the evaluation. Nonetheless, it is also proposed that formative criteria-based evaluation and summative criteria-based evaluation are currently among the most and more widely used in IS research. The authors suggest that the combines used of one or more of these approaches can be applied at different stages of the IS life cycle in order to generate more rigorous and reliable evaluation outcomes
Automated Knowledge Modeling for Cancer Clinical Practice Guidelines
Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) for cancer diseases evolve rapidly due to
new evidence generated by active research. Currently, CPGs are primarily
published in a document format that is ill-suited for managing this developing
knowledge. A knowledge model of the guidelines document suitable for
programmatic interaction is required. This work proposes an automated method
for extraction of knowledge from National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)
CPGs in Oncology and generating a structured model containing the retrieved
knowledge. The proposed method was tested using two versions of NCCN Non-Small
Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) CPG to demonstrate the effectiveness in faithful
extraction and modeling of knowledge. Three enrichment strategies using Cancer
staging information, Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) Metathesaurus &
National Cancer Institute thesaurus (NCIt) concepts, and Node classification
are also presented to enhance the model towards enabling programmatic traversal
and querying of cancer care guidelines. The Node classification was performed
using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model, achieving a classification accuracy
of 0.81 with 10-fold cross-validation
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