Mobile Assistenzsysteme in der Intralogistikplanung der Automobilindustrie – Gestaltung, Nutzen und Akzeptanz Augmented Reality-basierter Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstellen

Steigende Herausforderungen führen zu einem Wandel in der Automobilbranche. Die Kombination von Faktoren führt zu einem Anstieg der Komplexität in der Fahrzeugherstellung sowie des Produktionssystems. Die Intralogistik, ausgehend von der Komplexität der Automobilindustrie, steht ebenso Herausforderungen gegenüber. Eine Möglichkeit, um der Komplexität entgegen zu wirken, kann der Einsatz von innovativen Mensch-Maschine Schnittstellen in Form von mobilen Assistenzsystemen mit Augmented Reality sein. Im Bereich der Intralogistik, bezogen auf Augmented Reality, wird vermehrt die operative Intralogistik betrachtet. Obwohl auf dem Markt zahlreiche Technologien bestehen, existieren in der Intralogistikplanung keine flächendeckenden Anwendungen im Sinne eines mobilen Assistenzsystems mit Augmented Reality. Ausgehend davon wird in diesem Buch ein Use Case und darauf basierende Prototypen für eine Augmented Reality-basierte Intralogistikplanung in der Automobilindustrie entwickelt.New challenges such as the increasing pressure to innovate and the growth of individual requirements from customers as well as the increasing internationalization lead to a radical change in the automotive industry. This and further aspects cause an increase of vehicle manufacturing and of the production system complexity. Within the automotive industry, the intralogistics is important. Based on the complexity of the automotive industry, intralogistics also faces certain challenges. To counteract the increasing complexity, an innovative tool to support the intralogistics planning is essential. The usage of innovative human-machine interfaces as mobile assistance systems with augmented reality can be a possibility within intralogistics planning. The existing literature already contains many publications on Augmented Reality in general. Looking into the logistics domain, Augmented Reality is already quite frequently used for supporting operational logistics tasks, such as Augmented Reality-supported order picking. Whereas in the field of logistics planning, no comprehensive applications in terms of a mobile assistance system with augmented reality within a production hall can be identified. Based on this, this book presents a use case and prototypes for an augmented reality-based intralogistics planning within the automotive industry. The focus is the creation of a mobile assistance system supporting end-to-end augmented reality-based intralogistics planning in the assembly of the automotive industry. In order to design the use case, a systematic literature analysis is carried out and existing intralogistics planning processes are analyzed with the aim of defining the relevant planning processes for the use of the mobile assistance system. Two prototypes are implemented based on functional and non-functional requirements. The prototype implementation is based on a SLAM-based as well as a hybrid tracking approach. Furthermore, a field experiment is conducted for the validation of the prototypes. Finally, the Technology Acceptance Model is empirically evaluated to determine the acceptance of augmented reality with regard to intralogistics planning

Continuous maintenance and the future – Foundations and technological challenges

High value and long life products require continuous maintenance throughout their life cycle to achieve required performance with optimum through-life cost. This paper presents foundations and technologies required to offer the maintenance service. Component and system level degradation science, assessment and modelling along with life cycle ‘big data’ analytics are the two most important knowledge and skill base required for the continuous maintenance. Advanced computing and visualisation technologies will improve efficiency of the maintenance and reduce through-life cost of the product. Future of continuous maintenance within the Industry 4.0 context also identifies the role of IoT, standards and cyber security

Towards Assembly Information Modeling (AIM)

Nowadays digital tools support architects, engineers and constructors in many specific tasks in the construction industry. While these tools are covering almost all aspects of design and manufacturing, the planning and design for the assembly of buildings remain an unexplored area. This research aims to lay the foundations of a new framework for the design for assembly in architectural applications entitled Assembly Information Modeling. In practice, it is a central digital model containing the structure architectural design, construction details, three dimensional representations, assembly sequences, issue management and others. This framework forms the base for a multitude of novel applications for assembly design, planning and execution, such as assembly simulation and strategies communication, problem detections in the early design phases and interdisciplinary coordination. This paper describes the specifications of the digital assembly model and illustrate two use cases: collaborative assembly design using AEC cloud-based platforms and Augmented Assembly using Augmented reality devices

Discrete event simulation and virtual reality use in industry: new opportunities and future trends

This paper reviews the area of combined discrete event simulation (DES) and virtual reality (VR) use within industry. While establishing a state of the art for progress in this area, this paper makes the case for VR DES as the vehicle of choice for complex data analysis through interactive simulation models, highlighting both its advantages and current limitations. This paper reviews active research topics such as VR and DES real-time integration, communication protocols, system design considerations, model validation, and applications of VR and DES. While summarizing future research directions for this technology combination, the case is made for smart factory adoption of VR DES as a new platform for scenario testing and decision making. It is put that in order for VR DES to fully meet the visualization requirements of both Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet visions of digital manufacturing, further research is required in the areas of lower latency image processing, DES delivery as a service, gesture recognition for VR DES interaction, and linkage of DES to real-time data streams and Big Data sets

Augmented reality meeting table: a novel multi-user interface for architectural design

Immersive virtual environments have received widespread attention as providing possible replacements for the media and systems that designers traditionally use, as well as, more generally, in providing support for collaborative work. Relatively little attention has been given to date however to the problem of how to merge immersive virtual environments into real world work settings, and so to add to the media at the disposal of the designer and the design team, rather than to replace it. In this paper we report on a research project in which optical see-through augmented reality displays have been developed together with prototype decision support software for architectural and urban design. We suggest that a critical characteristic of multi user augmented reality is its ability to generate visualisations from a first person perspective in which the scale of rendition of the design model follows many of the conventions that designers are used to. Different scales of model appear to allow designers to focus on different aspects of the design under consideration. Augmenting the scene with simulations of pedestrian movement appears to assist both in scale recognition, and in moving from a first person to a third person understanding of the design. This research project is funded by the European Commission IST program (IST-2000-28559)

Internet of robotic things : converging sensing/actuating, hypoconnectivity, artificial intelligence and IoT Platforms

The Internet of Things (IoT) concept is evolving rapidly and influencing newdevelopments in various application domains, such as the Internet of MobileThings (IoMT), Autonomous Internet of Things (A-IoT), Autonomous Systemof Things (ASoT), Internet of Autonomous Things (IoAT), Internetof Things Clouds (IoT-C) and the Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT) etc.that are progressing/advancing by using IoT technology. The IoT influencerepresents new development and deployment challenges in different areassuch as seamless platform integration, context based cognitive network integration,new mobile sensor/actuator network paradigms, things identification(addressing, naming in IoT) and dynamic things discoverability and manyothers. The IoRT represents new convergence challenges and their need to be addressed, in one side the programmability and the communication ofmultiple heterogeneous mobile/autonomous/robotic things for cooperating,their coordination, configuration, exchange of information, security, safetyand protection. Developments in IoT heterogeneous parallel processing/communication and dynamic systems based on parallelism and concurrencyrequire new ideas for integrating the intelligent “devices”, collaborativerobots (COBOTS), into IoT applications. Dynamic maintainability, selfhealing,self-repair of resources, changing resource state, (re-) configurationand context based IoT systems for service implementation and integrationwith IoT network service composition are of paramount importance whennew “cognitive devices” are becoming active participants in IoT applications.This chapter aims to be an overview of the IoRT concept, technologies,architectures and applications and to provide a comprehensive coverage offuture challenges, developments and applications