2,997 research outputs found
Neural Dynamics of Autistic Behaviors: Cognitive, Emotional, and Timing Substrates
What brain mechanisms underlie autism and how do they give rise to autistic behavioral symptoms? This article describes a neural model, called the iSTART model, which proposes how cognitive, emotional, timing, and motor processes may interact together to create and perpetuate autistic symptoms. These model processes were originally developed to explain data concerning how the brain controls normal behaviors. The iSTART model shows how autistic behavioral symptoms may arise from prescribed breakdowns in these brain processes.Air Force Office of Scientific Research (F49620-01-1-0397); Office of Naval Research (N00014-01-1-0624
Memory-Augmented Graph Neural Networks: A Neuroscience Perspective
Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been extensively used for many domains
where data are represented as graphs, including social networks, recommender
systems, biology, chemistry, etc. Recently, the expressive power of GNNs has
drawn much interest. It has been shown that, despite the promising empirical
results achieved by GNNs for many applications, there are some limitations in
GNNs that hinder their performance for some tasks. For example, since GNNs
update node features mainly based on local information, they have limited
expressive power in capturing long-range dependencies among nodes in graphs. To
address some of the limitations of GNNs, several recent works started to
explore augmenting GNNs with memory for improving their expressive power in the
relevant tasks. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the
existing literature of memory-augmented GNNs. We review these works through the
lens of psychology and neuroscience, which has established multiple memory
systems and mechanisms in biological brains. We propose a taxonomy of the
memory GNN works, as well as a set of criteria for comparing the memory
mechanisms. We also provide critical discussions on the limitations of these
works. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future directions for this area
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