Development of Geospatial Models for Multi-Criteria Decision Making in Traffic Environmental Impacts of Heavy Vehicle Freight Transportation

Heavy vehicle freight transportation is one of the primary contributors to the socio-economic development, but it has great influence on traffic environment. To comprehensively and more accurately quantify the impacts of heavy vehicles on road infrastructure performance, a series of geospatial models are developed for both geographically global and local assessment of the impacts. The outcomes are applied in flexible multi-criteria decision making for the industrial practice of road maintenance and management

WHAT IS THE NEED FOR BUILDING PARTS? – A COMPARISON OF CITYGML, INSPIRE BUILDING AND A SWEDISH BUILDING STANDARD

The need for digital building information is increasing, both in the form of 3D city models (as geodata) and of more detailed building information models (BIM). BIM models are mainly used in the architecture, engineering and construction industry, but have recently become interesting also for municipalities. The overall aim of this paper is to study one way of dividing a building, namely the division of a building into building parts in both 3D city models and in BIM models. The study starts by an inventory of how building parts are defined in 3D city model standards (CityGML, the INSPIRE building specification and a Swedish national specification for buildings) and in BIM models (Industry Foundation Classes, IFC). The definition of building parts in these specifications are compared and evaluated. The paper also describes potential applications for the use of building parts, on what grounds a building could be divided into building parts, advantages and disadvantages of having building parts and what consequences it can have on the usage of the building information. One finding is that building parts is defined similar, but not identical in the studied geodata specifications and there are no requirements, only recommendations on how buildings should be divided into building parts. This can complicate the modelling, exchange and reuse of building information, and in a longer perspective, it would be desirable to have recommendations of how to define and use building parts in for example a national context

Implimentasi geometri BIM-GIS terhadap navigasi pengguna bagi persekitaran dalaman : satu kajian

Pengintegrasian antara Permodelan Maklumat Bangunan (BIM) dan Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS) kerap dibincangkan dari semasa ke semasa berikutan manfaat yang ditawarkan terutamanya bagi navigasi pengguna di persekitaran dalaman bangunan. Ketidakseragaman dari aspek geometri tiga dimensi dan tahap perincian dikenalpasti antara penyumbang kepada kesukaran dalam mengintegrasi kedua-dua model tersebut. Meskipun terdapat pelbagai limitasi, pelbagai kajian telah dilaksanakan untuk menambahbaik kaedah pengintegrasian secara pintar supaya data-data tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan dengan jayanya. Oleh yang demikian, makalah ini memberi fokus untuk mengkaji makalah penyelidikan yang relevan untuk (1) mengenalpasti maklumat dan struktur asas model BIM dan GIS, (2) mengkaji hubungan dan integrasi yang berlaku antara kedua-dua jenis model tersebut di peringkat geometri model dan (3) mengenalpasti aplikasi navigasi pengguna terhadap persekitaran dalaman bangunan dan menyatakan halatuju untuk kajian melibatkan integrasi BIM dan GIS untuk masa hadapan. Dari kajian ini, dapat dikenal pasti bahawa penyelarasan skema geometri adalah kunci kejayaan integrasi BIM dan GIS. Ia secara tidak langsung dapat meningkatkan interoperabiliti data dan membantu dalam pengembangan datamodel secara holistik untuk skop aplikasi yang lebih luas. Terutama dalam era perkembangan pesat pembelajaran mesin, pembelajaran mendalam dan teknologi internet of things (IoT), di mana aplikasi produk bersepadu melalui kaedah web semantik dilihat mempunyai ruang yang luas untuk berkembang secara signifikan untuk perkhidmatan berasaskan lokasi (LBS) dan aplikasi kecemasan

Evaluation of the new Design Summer Year weather data using parametrical buildings

The Charted Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) updated the near extreme weather (Design Summer Year – DSY) for all 14 locations in the UK in 2016. This new release attempts to address the underlying shortcomings of the previous definition where the averaged dry bulb temperature was the sole metric to choose DSY among source weather years. The aim of this research is to evaluate whether the new definition of the probabilistic DSYs can consistently represent near extreme condition. London historical weather data and their correspondent DSYs were used in this research. Dynamic thermal modelling using EnergyPlus was carried out on large number single zone offices (parametric study) which represent a large portion of cellular offices in the UK. The predicted indoor warmth from the sample building models show that these new definitions are not always able to represent near extreme conditions. Using multiple years as DSY is able to capture different types of summer warmth but how to use one or all of these DSYs to make informed judgement on overheating is rather challenging. The recommended practice from this research is to use more warm years for the evaluation of overheating and choose the near extreme weather from the predicted indoor warmt

Age composition and survival of public housing stock in Hong Kong

Emerging notably in more developed regions, building stock ageing which is characterised by shrinking new completions and falling “mortality” has been posing challenges to various stakeholders in built environment. To find way out of this transition, we need to know how long buildings will last these days and the factors leading to their “mortality”. By using data from 1950s till to date, a comprehensive investigation is conducted to analyse the age composition and life expectancy of public housing stock in Hong Kong. What comes after are survival analysis and empirical analysis of those demolished to identify the key factors leading to demolition. Presented in this paper are the preliminary findings as well as the research agenda on the theme to model age composition and survival of both private and public building stocks in Hong Kong and other similar cities in Asia Pacific Rim such as Adelaide and Singapore, together with research activities to formulate policies for sustainable urban management