9,540 research outputs found
Crowdsourcing Argumentation Structures in Chinese Hotel Reviews
Argumentation mining aims at automatically extracting the premises-claim
discourse structures in natural language texts. There is a great demand for
argumentation corpora for customer reviews. However, due to the controversial
nature of the argumentation annotation task, there exist very few large-scale
argumentation corpora for customer reviews. In this work, we novelly use the
crowdsourcing technique to collect argumentation annotations in Chinese hotel
reviews. As the first Chinese argumentation dataset, our corpus includes 4814
argument component annotations and 411 argument relation annotations, and its
annotations qualities are comparable to some widely used argumentation corpora
in other languages.Comment: 6 pages,3 figures,This article has been submitted to "The 2017 IEEE
International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC2017)
Exploring the interplay of mode of discourse and proficiency level in ESL writing performance
Recent theory in discourse and practice in rhetoric has suggested that writers require different skills and strategies when writing for different purposes, and in using different genres and modes (Kinneavy, 1972; Carrell and Connor, 1991) in writing. The importance of taking into account these various aspectual skills and forms of writing is recognised in teaching (e.g. Scarcella and Oxford, 1992), and in the assessment of writing (e.g. Odell and Cooper, 1980). For instance, Odell and Cooper argued that any claims about writing ability cannot be made until students’ performance on a variety of writing tasks has been examined. Thus, the issue of what writing task(s) are to be included in a test is crucial, since a task will be regarded as useless if it does not provide the basis for
making generalisations regarding an individual’s writing ability. This paper presents the findings of a study on the effects of mode of discourse on L2 writing performance as well as the interplay between learner variable, namely, proficiency level and task variable, mode of discourse amongst Malaysian upper secondary ESL learners. The findings
provide some evidence for the need to re-examine issues of reliability and validity in test practice of manipulating variables in the design of assessment tasks to evaluate ESL
writing performance. Given the status and complexity of the writing skill, it stands to reason that studies into this area will continue to shed light onto how best the construct
can be understood, taught and tested to give a fair chance for language learners to exhibit their true ability and be reliably reported on
Parsing Argumentation Structures in Persuasive Essays
In this article, we present a novel approach for parsing argumentation
structures. We identify argument components using sequence labeling at the
token level and apply a new joint model for detecting argumentation structures.
The proposed model globally optimizes argument component types and
argumentative relations using integer linear programming. We show that our
model considerably improves the performance of base classifiers and
significantly outperforms challenging heuristic baselines. Moreover, we
introduce a novel corpus of persuasive essays annotated with argumentation
structures. We show that our annotation scheme and annotation guidelines
successfully guide human annotators to substantial agreement. This corpus and
the annotation guidelines are freely available for ensuring reproducibility and
to encourage future research in computational argumentation.Comment: Under review in Computational Linguistics. First submission: 26
October 2015. Revised submission: 15 July 201
An exploratory study into automated précis grading
Automated writing evaluation is a popular research field, but the main focus has been on evaluating argumentative essays. In this paper, we consider a different genre, namely précis texts. A précis is a written text that provides a coherent summary of main points of a spoken or written text. We present a corpus of English précis texts which all received a grade assigned by a highly-experienced English language teacher and were subsequently annotated following an exhaustive error typology. With this corpus we trained a machine learning model which relies on a number of linguistic, automatic summarization and AWE features. Our results reveal that this model is able to predict the grade of précis texts with only a moderate error margin
Using Argument-based Features to Predict and Analyse Review Helpfulness
We study the helpful product reviews identification problem in this paper. We
observe that the evidence-conclusion discourse relations, also known as
arguments, often appear in product reviews, and we hypothesise that some
argument-based features, e.g. the percentage of argumentative sentences, the
evidences-conclusions ratios, are good indicators of helpful reviews. To
validate this hypothesis, we manually annotate arguments in 110 hotel reviews,
and investigate the effectiveness of several combinations of argument-based
features. Experiments suggest that, when being used together with the
argument-based features, the state-of-the-art baseline features can enjoy a
performance boost (in terms of F1) of 11.01\% in average.Comment: 6 pages, EMNLP201
Using Argument-based Features to Predict and Analyse Review Helpfulness
We study the helpful product reviews identification problem in this paper. We
observe that the evidence-conclusion discourse relations, also known as
arguments, often appear in product reviews, and we hypothesise that some
argument-based features, e.g. the percentage of argumentative sentences, the
evidences-conclusions ratios, are good indicators of helpful reviews. To
validate this hypothesis, we manually annotate arguments in 110 hotel reviews,
and investigate the effectiveness of several combinations of argument-based
features. Experiments suggest that, when being used together with the
argument-based features, the state-of-the-art baseline features can enjoy a
performance boost (in terms of F1) of 11.01\% in average.Comment: 6 pages, EMNLP201
THEMATIC STRUCTURE SHIFT FOUND IN ENGLISH - INDONESIAN TRANSLATION OF OBAMA’S SPEECH IN INDONESIA UNIVERSITY
This study analyzes types of themes and theme shifts in the English - Indonesian
translation of Barrac Obama’s speech in Universitas Indonesia. The result shows that topical
theme dominates the entire texts 71.43% in ST and 79.64% in TT. Interpersonal theme is the
least theme found in both texts. Most topical themes are in participants, followed by
circumstance and process. The textual theme in both texts is adjunct conjunctive. The
interpersonal themes are modals. Most of the themes are considered as equivalent. The theme
shift occurs through three processes: by changing the grammatical function within the theme
by adding more themes and by deleting themes
Argumentation Mining in User-Generated Web Discourse
The goal of argumentation mining, an evolving research field in computational
linguistics, is to design methods capable of analyzing people's argumentation.
In this article, we go beyond the state of the art in several ways. (i) We deal
with actual Web data and take up the challenges given by the variety of
registers, multiple domains, and unrestricted noisy user-generated Web
discourse. (ii) We bridge the gap between normative argumentation theories and
argumentation phenomena encountered in actual data by adapting an argumentation
model tested in an extensive annotation study. (iii) We create a new gold
standard corpus (90k tokens in 340 documents) and experiment with several
machine learning methods to identify argument components. We offer the data,
source codes, and annotation guidelines to the community under free licenses.
Our findings show that argumentation mining in user-generated Web discourse is
a feasible but challenging task.Comment: Cite as: Habernal, I. & Gurevych, I. (2017). Argumentation Mining in
User-Generated Web Discourse. Computational Linguistics 43(1), pp. 125-17
EXPLORING THEME-RHEME SYSTEM IN EFL LEARNERS’ ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY: A PORTRAIT ON THE MODE OF DISCOURSE (A Research at English Language Teaching Department of Syekh Nurjati State Islamic Institute Cirebon)
Khanifa Imelda Fauziyanti (14121310310) EXPLORING THEMERHEME
SYSTEM IN EFL LEARNERS’ ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAYS: A
PORTRAIT ON THE MODE OF DISCOURSE (A Research at English Language
Teaching Department of Syekh Nurjati State Islamic Institute Cirebon)
This study explored the issue on how EFL learners present their information
through theme-rheme system as a portrait on the mode of discourse. The investigation
was inspired by Halliday and Matthiessen (2014), Eggins (2004), and Emilia (2012).
In writing process, students are not aware the roles of theme-rheme; they usually tend
in writing text production though theme-rheme system affect in their ideas
presentation. If they are aware of that roles, it will help them to present their ideas
effectively.
This study aimed on how theme-rheme system are realized by EFL learners
in their argumentative essays as the flow of and to find out the information flow of
discourse in EFL learners’ argumentative essays at English Langauge Teaching
Department of Syekh Nurjati State Islamic Institute Cirebon. In term of argumentative
essay, this is created by learners based on the article from Eben Kirksey under the
title “Don’t use your data as a pillow.”
Therefore, the technique of qualitative method is used to collect and identify
the data or text. In addition, Frankle and Wallen (2009: 419) declared that the
qualitative method addresses observation, interviewing and content analysis. In
conducting this research, researcher identified the selected text through content
analysis design because the research used texts to be identified and linguistics
perspectives as the approach. According to Given (2008: 120) stated that content
analysis is chosen because it is about research method to identify texts addresses the
transcript of interview, speeches, text and other.
The result of study reveals that EFL learners tend to use different ways in
presenting the information in texts. First, in three selected texts, writers are able to
apply three types of theme-rheme system, which are topical, interpersonal and
ideational themes. Then, topical theme are prominent used to express ideational
meaning which content is densely in nominal construction. It highly proved by in
unmarked theme, nominal group is prominent than others. As Halliday and
Matthiessen (2014:728) stated that “nominal group is the primary resource used by
the grammar for packing lexical items at high density.” Second, researcher captured
from second research findings about information flow of discourse created through
thematic progression and higher level themes. From those way, it can be seen that
three selected texts used higher level theme and three ways of thematic progression
in presenting their information. However, its result was the two selected texts are not
appropriate with the argumentative essay as the genre that readers expected.
Keywords: Mode of Discourse, Theme-Rheme System, Argumentative Essays, and
Information Flow of Discours
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