Archives and Human Rights (Edition 1)

Why and how can records serve as evidence of human rights violations, in particular crimes against humanity, and help the fight against impunity? Archives and Human Rights shows the close relationship between archives and human rights and discusses the emergence, at the international level, of the principles of the right to truth, justice and reparation.Through a historical overview and topical case studies from different regions of the world the book discusses how records can concretely support these principles. The current examples also demonstrate how the perception of the role of the archivist has undergone a metamorphosis in recent decades, towards the idea that archivists can and must play an active role in defending basic human rights, first and foremost by enabling access to documentation on human rights violations.Confronting painful memories of the past is a way to make the ghosts disappear and begin building a brighter, more serene future. The establishment of international justice mechanisms and the creation of truth commissions are important elements of this process. The healing begins with the acknowledgment that painful chapters are essential parts of history; archives then play a crucial role by providing evidence. This book is both a tool and an inspiration to use archives in defence of human rights

On Counterinsurgency: Firepower, Biopower, and the Collateralization of Milliatry Violence

This dissertation investigates the most recent cycle of North Atlantic expeditionary warfare by addressing the resuscitation of counterinsurgency warfare with a specific focus on the war in Afghanistan from 2006 to 2014. The project interrogates the lasting aesthetic, epistemological, philosophical, and territorial implications of counterinsurgency, which should be understood as part of wider transformations in military affairs in relation to discourses of adaptation, complexity, and systemic design, and to the repertoire of global contingency and stability operations. Afghanistan served as a counterinsurgency laboratory, and the experiments will shape the conduct of future wars, domestic security practices, and the increasingly indistinct boundary between them. Using work from Michel Foucault and liberal war studies, the project undertakes a genealogy of contemporary population-centred counterinsurgency and interrogates how its conduct is constituted by and as a mixture firepower and biopower. Insofar as this mix employs force with different speeds, doses, and intensities, the dissertation argues that counterinsurgency unrestricts and collateralizes violence, which is emblematic of liberal war that kills selectively to secure and make life live in ways amenable to local and global imperatives of liberal rule. Contemporary military counterinsurgents, in conducting operations on the edges of liberal rule's jurisdiction and in recursively influencing the domestic spaces of North Atlantic states, fashion biopoweras custodial power to conduct the conduct of lifeto shape different interventions into the everyday lives of target populations. The 'lesser evil' logic of counterinsurgency is used to frame counterinsurgency as a type of warfare that is comparatively low-intensity and less harmful, and this justification actually lowers the threshold for violence by making increasingly indiscriminate the ways in which its employment damages and envelops populations and communities, thereby allowing counterinsurgents to speculate on the practice of expeditionary warfare and efforts to sustain occupations. Thus, the dissertation argues that counterinsurgency is a communicative process, better understood as mobile military media with an atmospheric-environmental register blending acute and ambient measures that are always-already kinetic. The counterinsurgent gaze enframes a world picture where everything can be a force amplifier and everywhere is a possible theatre of operations

Archives and Human Rights

Why and how can records serve as evidence of human rights violations, in particular crimes against humanity, and help the fight against impunity? Archives and Human Rights shows the close relationship between archives and human rights and discusses the emergence, at the international level, of the principles of the right to truth, justice and reparation. Through a historical overview and topical case studies from different regions of the world the book discusses how records can concretely support these principles. The current examples also demonstrate how the perception of the role of the archivist has undergone a metamorphosis in recent decades, towards the idea that archivists can and must play an active role in defending basic human rights, first and foremost by enabling access to documentation on human rights violations. Confronting painful memories of the past is a way to make the ghosts disappear and begin building a brighter, more serene future. The establishment of international justice mechanisms and the creation of truth commissions are important elements of this process. The healing begins with the acknowledgment that painful chapters are essential parts of history; archives then play a crucial role by providing evidence. This book is both a tool and an inspiration to use archives in defence of human rights

Archives and Human Rights

Why and how can records serve as evidence of human rights violations, in particular crimes against humanity, and help the fight against impunity? Archives and Human Rights shows the close relationship between archives and human rights and discusses the emergence, at the international level, of the principles of the right to truth, justice and reparation. Through a historical overview and topical case studies from different regions of the world the book discusses how records can concretely support these principles. The current examples also demonstrate how the perception of the role of the archivist has undergone a metamorphosis in recent decades, towards the idea that archivists can and must play an active role in defending basic human rights, first and foremost by enabling access to documentation on human rights violations. Confronting painful memories of the past is a way to make the ghosts disappear and begin building a brighter, more serene future. The establishment of international justice mechanisms and the creation of truth commissions are important elements of this process. The healing begins with the acknowledgment that painful chapters are essential parts of history; archives then play a crucial role by providing evidence. This book is both a tool and an inspiration to use archives in defence of human rights

Intercultural Performance and Dialogue. From Richard Schechner Performance Studies Onwards

Through a historical, theoretical and methodological excursus, this thesis analyzes the birth, development and current identity of Performance Studies, an academic research field that, born in the United States at the end of the Seventies, has always been reluctant towards any attempt to be defined. If Performance Studies conceives performance both as an object of analysis and as a methodological lens, and if, as pointed out by Richard Schechner, everything can be studied "as" performance and so investigated according to the analytical categories of this discipline, then, with a transitive and "meta-methodological" shift, this doctoral research takes Performance Studies as its object of study, observing it "as performance" and using the same methodological tools suggested by its object of analysis. This work investigates how the object of study of Performance Studies is, following Schechner’s theory, the "behaved behavior", and thus how, as a result, the repertoire, even before the archive can be regarded as the true custodian of "embodied practices". Focusing on examples of performative "reenactment" such as those by Marina Abramovi? and Clifford Owens, as well as on the efforts undertaken by the UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage section, it suggests valid examples of "archiving performance". The paper then examines cases that exemplify the successful identification of "studying performance" and "doing performance", it underlines the crucial and inescapable role played by the on-field research, understood as "participant observation", and highlights the constant social and political commitment of Performance Studies. This dissertation addresses and supports the effectiveness of Performance Studies in itself as an innovative tool able to analyze a world increasingly performative in its dynamics. Thanks to its both interdisciplinary and intercultural nature, Performance Studies seems to be a proper lens through which to promote different levels of performance dialogue among cultures which are locally different but globally comparable

A transgressive femininity : narrative, spectacle and desire in the films of María Luisa Bemberg

This study presents the first detailed textual analysis of the six feature films of Argentine feminist Maria Luisa Bemberg, 1922-1995. Analysis - important because Bemberg is a major, but critically-neglected, woman filmmaker - was addressed to her construction of transgressive heroines. By transgressive is meant the challenges - that successfully - Bemberg’s female protagonists make, to actual, and to the representational, strictures that history and cinema, respectively, have placed upon them. There are two divisions. Contexts places Bemberg’s feminist work and protagonists within Argentine culture. It asks of her cinema and protagonists how far it (and they) helped redefine Argentine cinema. Feminism asks two principal questions - based in feminist film theory - of Bemberg’s feminist constructions. Firstly it asks what happens to Bemberg’s female protagonists. Secondly - in examining the mise-en-scène of femininity - it asks how Bemberg’s films, her protagonists and her spectator are gendered and ‘look.’ Primary sources were the films themselves, Bemberg’s collaborators in Buenos Aires, contemporary film journals and newspapers, and unpublished documents in Bemberg’s archive. Analyses of this data were situated in the contexts of Argentine politics, culture and filmmaking, and international women’s filmmaking. This thesis’ secondary sources - formal and feminist film (as well as some cultural) theories - were applied to the analyses as a way of evaluating them. Bemberg’s protagonists indeed transgress multifarious social and religious boundaries set against their womanhood. My findings further suggest that Bemberg’s work contributed a popular, as well as a feminist, vocabulary to Argentine (and Latin American) cinema, whilst textual exegesis suggests that her filmmaking practice transgresses some feminist film theoretical expectations concerning the gaze and the gendering of spectatorship. The thesis concludes that in her visually pleasurable construction of transgressive femininity, Bemberg created a new ‘look.’ Therein she made her major contribution to feminist filmmaking

Negotiating Climate Change in Crisis

This is the final version. Available on open access from OpenBook Publishers via the DOI in this recordClimate change negotiations have failed the world. Despite more than thirty years of high-level, global talks on climate change, we are still seeing carbon emissions rise dramatically. This edited volume, comprising leading and emerging scholars and climate activists from around the world, takes a critical look at what has gone wrong and what is to be done to create more decisive action. Composed of twenty-eight essays, this volume is organised around seven main themes: paradigms; what counts?; extraction; dispatches from a climate change frontline country; governance; finance; and action(s). Through this multifaceted approach, the contributors ask pressing questions about how we conceptualise and respond to the climate crisis, providing both ‘big picture’ perspectives and more focussed case studies