695 research outputs found

    Cloud Computing: TOE Adoption Factors By Service Model In Manufacturing

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    Organizations are adopting cloud technologies for two primary reasons: to reduce costs and to enhance business agility. The pressure to innovate, reduce costs and respond quickly to changes in market demand brought about by intense global competition has U.S. manufacturing firms turning to cloud computing as an enabling strategy. Cloud computing is a service based information technology model that enables on-demand access to a shared pool of computing services provisioned over a broadband network. Cloud is categorized across three primary service models, Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS), differentiated by the cloud provider’s level of responsibility for managing hardware services, development platforms and application services. While prior research in cloud computing has sought to define the concept and explore the business value, empirical studies in the Information Systems literature stream are sparse, limited to exploratory case studies and SaaS research. Using the Technology, Organization, and Environment framework as a theoretical foundation, this research provides a holistic cloud adoption model inclusive of all cloud service layers. The study analyzes factors influencing organizational cloud adoption utilizing survey data from 150 U.S. manufacturing firms. The results find organizational innovativeness as a crucial factor to cloud computing adoption in manufacturing. An inverse factor relationship suggests the more innovative the firm culture, the less likely it is to adopt cloud. Other significant adoption factors include trust and technical competency. Findings also suggest variations in adoption influences based on the cloud service model deployed. The study has strategic implications for both researchers and managers seeking to understand the antecedents to adoption, and for practitioners developing an organizational cloud strategy spanning multiple cloud service models. For vendors, the study provides insights that can be leveraged to inform product design, solution strategy, and value proposition creation for future cloud service offerings

    Motivational drivers for mobile shopping adoption: an empirical study of the Chinese Generation Y consumers

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    One of the most prominent trends of the 21st century in China is the emergence of e-commerce, especially mobile commerce, which has changed people’s lives, notably in the way they conduct shopping. This study investigates mobile shopping behaviour in China, focusing on Generation Y, for the following two reasons:( 1) Research on consumers’ behavioural intention in adopting mobile shopping has been carried out previously, yet the research into this trend in China is limited and research with specific focus on the Chinese Generation Y is even more so. ( 2) Since Chinese Generation-Y has played a dominant role and made a significant impact on the online retailing market, the researcher believes it is essential to conduct Chinese Generation-Y-focused research to develop a deeper understanding of this special group’s consumption behaviour so that the online and offline marketers and retailers will be able to develop effective strategies in terms of customer positioning and mobile shopping platform design. Following an extensive literature review, the research develops a new conceptual framework which extends the existing framework of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and use of Technology, also known as the UTAUT (Venkatesh, et al.,2003) and Six Dimensions of Hedonic Shopping Motivation (Arnold and Reynold, 2003). This novel integration has not been attempted in previous research. The research was also designed to employ a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods for a robust understanding of mobile commerce acceptance in Chinese Generation-Y. Data was collected via an online questionnaire survey with a sample of 473 and an additional six interviews. Various statistical techniques in Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) are used for quantitative analysis and the thematic method is used for qualitative analysis. The research findings confirm that the key factors affecting the behavioural intention of mobile shopping are as follows: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, perceived gratification shopping, perceived role shopping, and perceived value shopping. Other factors found to have an insignificant impact include social influence, perceived individual innovativeness, perceived adventure shopping, perceived social shopping, and perceived idea shopping. These findings help move existing theory forward, and consideration of using this integrated model can help scholars examine all the potential factors that might influence the reasons behind mobile shopping in China. In addition, this research framework further provides three practical implications for mobile shopping platform providers to consider: customer experience, product attributes, and customer positioning

    Determinants of continuance intention and word of mouth for hotel branded mobile app users.

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    This study examined the cognitive and affective factors that influence users\u27 post-adoption behavioral intention. Specifically, based on the Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM) (Bhattacherjee, 2001b) the impact of cognitive factors (i.e., perceived usefulness, confirmation of expectations, mobility, personalization and responsiveness) and affective factors (i.e., satisfaction, perceived enjoyment) on hotel branded mobile applications (apps) users\u27 continuance intention and WOM were examined. Hospitality firms invest considerable resources on technology solutions that are aimed at improving the consumer experience. However, for investments to be profitable firms must ensure that technology solutions are continuously used and ensure post-adoptive behaviors such as continuance intention and WOM. Data for the study were collected from 550 hotel branded mobile app users. After data were collected and cleaned, Partial Least-Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the data. The results of the structural model indicated that continuance intention and WOM were directly influenced by satisfaction and perceived enjoyment; with satisfaction exerting the most influence on continuance intention. Conversely, perceived enjoyment was most influential to WOM. All cognitive factors were found to influence satisfaction and enjoyment, except for responsiveness and perceived usefulness. The results show that contextual factors have a more significant impact than previously established constructs. The results of the study allow hoteliers and hospitality technology consultants to identify the influential factors impacting post-adoptive behaviors. The study extends the literature on post-adoptive behavior and the ECM by including context specific factors (i.e. perceived mobility, personalization and responsiveness). This study contributes to the scare literature in the lodging industry literature examining users\u27 evaluations of mobile apps and post-adoptive behaviors in the hospitality industry. The study adds to the post-adoptive behavior literature by adding WOM as a second outcome to continuance intention. The treatment of contextual factors in this study, allowed to show the impact technology characteristics have on technology post-adoption

    Strategic orientations, dynamic capabilities and firm performance in knowledge intensive business services: theory and empirical test

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    In the present study, we try to identify the factors that induce superior performance in companies, analyzing the link between strategic orientations, dynamic capabilities and firm performance. In order to test the theory, we collected primary data through an online questionnaire to SMEs in Knowledge Intensive Business Services. At first, we analyze the interactions between entrepreneurial and market orientation, as well as between market and learning orientation and its effects on firm performance, to examine if the reported conclusions are valid to this particular industry, using a different measure of firm performance. Our main contribution respects the integration of strategic orientations and dynamic capabilities to explain firm performance, where we attempt to understand both direct and indirect effects on firm performance which, to our best knowledge, is the first research study of this kind. We also come up with practical contributions and point some research limitations and directions for future research; RESUMO:No presente estudo, procuramos identificar os fatores que originam um desempenho empresarial superior, através da análise da relação entre as orientações estratégicas, capacidades dinâmicas e desempenho da empresa. No sentido de testar a teoria, recolhemos dados primários através da aplicação de um questionário online às PME dos Serviços Intensivos em Conhecimento. Em primeiro lugar, analisamos as interações entre as orientações empreendedora e para o mercado, assim como entre as orientações para o mercado e para a aprendizagem e os seus efeitos no desempenho, com o objetivo de verificar se as conclusões de outros estudos são válidas para este setor em particular, utilizando uma medida de desempenho inovadora. O nosso principal contributo diz respeito à integração das orientações estratégicas e das capacidades dinâmicas para explicar o desempenho, em que procuramos compreender tanto os efeitos diretos como indiretos no desempenho o que, pelo que nos é dado a conhecer, é o primeiro estudo deste tipo. Finalmente, indicamos algumas considerações práticas, assim como limitações do nosso estudo e rumos para investigações futuras

    The relationship of the attributional dimensions of emotional differentiation on attributional dimensions of technology readiness for orthotic and prosthetic clinicians

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    Some individuals and groups seem to adopt emerging ideas and innovations more readily than others. Since any emerging innovation or technology inherently comes with a higher degree of uncertainty and risk, the group or individual must deal with the anxiety created by innovative behavior. Individuals who are less anxious and risk averse may tend to adopt innovations more easily than others. Within any social group, individuals can be classified into adopter categories based on their rate of adoption and capacity for risk and anxiety. Individuals who are more susceptible to anxiety in general, may seek the emotional scaffolding of their organizational group to support innovative behavior. This may be especially true in healthcare where contextual stress is heightened due to the emotional weight of decisions that greatly affect the well-being of others. Bowen Family Systems Theory has been used in family systems psychology to describe the systemic effects of group anxiety on the individual, an outcome referred to as differentiation. This study investigated if there was any relationship between emotional differentiation and technology readiness among allied health professionals. The Workplace Differentiation Inventory (WDI) and the Technology Readiness Index-2.0 (TRI-2.0) were the instruments used to measure both attributes. The statistical analysis explored the correlation and regression of the various sub-attributes of each measure as well as demographic attributes using a sample population derived from the orthotic and prosthetic allied healthcare profession

    Innovativeness and Online Shopping Adoption

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    This study was designed to examine the role of innovativeness in online shopping. Innovativeness is one of the more widely studied phenomena in the domain of consumer research and is said to play a prominent role in the adoption of new products (Im, Bayus & Mason, 2003, Midgley & Dowling, 1978). However, issues regarding the validity of the innovativeness construct as well as its scales still remain. Using responses from an online survey given in the United States regarding online shopping habits, the effectiveness and validity of two innovativeness scales were examined both alone as well as in larger models which incorporate other variables. Direct relationships were examined with simple correlation, while the role of the types of innovativeness with other variables was tested using regression. Finally, complete models were tested using structural equation modeling. Results indicate that when used alone, the innovativeness scales are significantly related to the adoption of online shopping. However, it was found that the Doman Specific Innovativeness scale (DSI) as a predictor becomes ineffective in predicting online purchase frequency when used in a model which incorporates a measure of purchase intention. However, this effect was not seen for a new scale, the General Shopping Innovativeness scale (GSI). Results of this study will allow researchers to better understand and measure the innovativeness construct as well as increase marketers understanding of when and why people are likely to adopt innovation

    Adoption and Non-Adoption: Profiling Internet Usage among Tourists to New Zealand

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    Since the explosion of the internet as a business medium, one of its primary uses has been marketing. The advantages of using the internet for business-to-consumer transactions are clear. The openness of the internet is creating opportunities for virtually all companies across various industries. The words 'internet', 'World Wide Web', 'www' or the 'web' refer to the same thing and are used interchangeably within this research study. The tourism industry is also experiencing a rapid adoption of the internet technology for marketing travel products and services. As a destination New Zealand is a small country comprising two main land masses and smaller outlying islands, with a population of about 4 million people (Statistics New Zealand 2004). Tourism is promoted as an essential part of the national economy, particularly to earn foreign exchange and generate employment. The number of international tourists visiting New Zealand is 2.2 million (Tourism New Zealand, 2006). In New Zealand almost all regional tourism organizations (RTOs) have a web presence, thereby exposing potential tourists to an array of destinations to visit. However, there are few New Zealand based studies that profile tourists based on their internet adoption and the differences between internet users and non-users. The question that baffles every business manager is what predisposes consumers to use a website? This is the fundamental question that motivated the study. While usability does play a major role in the adoption and use of a particular website, it is outside the scope of this project, otherwise the scope would have been too large and complicated to permit a useable questionnaire given the other concerns about respondents' past experiences and attitudes toward use of the net for the specific purposes of holiday purchases. The study draws upon innovation diffusion theory (IDT) and more recent conceptualizations of IT adoption behaviour to examine differences among Rogers' (1995) adoption categories. Within this context, 'adoption' refers to the stage in which a technology is selected for use by an individual. 'Diffusion' refers to the stage in which the technology spreads to general use and application. For this study an attempt is made to create a behavioural profile of visitors based on a sample of 517 overseas visitors to New Zealand. Visitors were asked to complete a questionnaire and provide information on their demographics, travel related behaviour, internet usage patterns, perceptions of the internet and online shopping in general. The thesis thus describes the initiation and evolution of an empirical research project, which investigates the adoption and diffusion of internet technologies amongst international visitors to New Zealand. The study was launched in an attempt to: 1) learn more about internet usage by visitors to New Zealand; 2) create a psychographic profile of visitors; 3) attempt to empirically validate the technology acceptance model (TAM); and 4) fill a noticeable void so that future researchers on IT and internet adoption by tourists in New Zealand have a foundation and starting point. Most of the previous research related to TAM has been in workplace related situations while studies in tourism have used students as subjects, rather than actual visitors to a particular destination (Shang et al., 2005, Moon and Kim, 2001, Klopping and McKinney, 2004). Specific market studies undertaken by destination marketing organisations or regional tourism organisations were considered only inasmuch as they aided generalization as place specificity hindered conceptual development pertaining to themes of adoption and general usage patterns. The study seeks to build on Rogers' (1995) seminal work on the diffusion of innovations and make a unique contribution to existing diffusion studies by its focus on the individual visitors as the unit of analysis and by its test of the TAM model. This study presents descriptive results via standard statistical analysis, a cluster analysis of users and a structural equation modelling of the TAM applied within a context of international visitors to New Zealand. The data were collected at major locations - the viaduct basin in Auckland and the international departure lounge at the Christchurch International Airport. The two locations were chosen to enable faster data collection. Initially the data was gathered at the viaduct basin in Auckland but the number of respondents was not many. Since the data collection was slow, decided to collect from Christchurch International airport where departing passengers could be approached. Individual passengers/tourists were approached and a screening question to ascertain if they were visitors or not was asked. If they were visiting, then they were asked to participate in the survey. No prior specific screening was undertaken to determine if they had used internet or not for their trip/travel to New Zealand. However, subsequent analysis shows that only 2.3% of the sample had not used the internet, and 31% of the sample had not bought tourism products or services over the internet. Therefore, overall, experience and internet usage was not uncommon for the majority of the sample, but a large proportion of non-users existed to permit comparative analysis. While there is a bias towards males in the sample, the 19-35 years age group was slightly more numerous for both genders, than were other age groups. The results indicate that mean internet usage is comparatively high, as is familiarity with many electronic consumer durables. The sample possesses a bias toward English speaking countries, younger people and educationally higher qualified people. Internet search engines seem to be the most popular source of search. The socio-demographic variables such as age, gender and educational attainment appeared to be but a moderate influence on general internet usage and thus on the use of the internet for booking holidays. Factor analysis of the attitudinal statements revealed six factors, which accounted for about 60 % of the total variance. The clear emergence of factors enabled the development of clusters. The clusters appear to have significance with reference to usage rates of internet. The home ownership of electronics shows a high percentage of respondents had mobile phones. This implies that New Zealand Tourism has to look at options or possible services it can introduce to market to these people who could be using mobile devices not only in their country but also while travelling in New Zealand. Wireless is another important development in the field of technology and many of the tourism DMO in other developed countries in Europe and US are adapting approaches based on these technologies to market to potential customers

    An empirical examination of consumers' innovation adoption: the role of innovativeness, fashion orientation, and utilitarian and hedonic consumers' attitudes

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    Over the past few years, changes in the competitive landscape of retail marketing have resulted in a synergy effect. This synergy effect has motivated firms to enter into a strategic alliance. Many industries, such as the technology and fashion industries, have recognized the benefits both parties may gain by engaging in a strategic alliance to develop products and/or services that provide greater value for their customers. While several studies have examined consumers' adoption of innovative products, these previous studies have focused on innovation as related to either technological or fashion products. There is no known study that has examined consumers' adoption of a product that possesses both attributes (i.e., technology and fashion). Therefore, the purpose of the current study is to assess the effects of an external variable, i.e., consumer characteristics (consumer innovativeness and fashion orientation), on consumers' adoption of an innovative product among young consumers who grew up with a advanced technology and a sophisticated fashion transition. Data were collected from a convenience sample of undergraduate students between the ages of 18 to 26. The final sample consisted of 196 college students. Of these, approximately 88% were female, approximately 63% were Caucasians and an average age of participants was 20.40 years old. A series of multiple regressions was employed to answer all hypotheses. Results revealed that domain-specific innovativeness related to the technology and fashion domain has a significant effect on consumers' utilitarian and hedonic attitudes, respectively. We also found that in terms of the relationship between the dimensionality of fashion orientation and consumer's attitudes, consumers' utilitarian attitudes are positively influenced by the importance of being well-dressed and consumers' hedonic attitudes were negatively influenced by an anti-fashion sentiment. In addition, we found that two dimensions of consumers' attitudes (utilitarian and hedonic) significantly influence consumers' adoption of a product. Lastly, among young consumers, results revealed that the opinions of significant others play an important role in influencing their purchase intention. Implications are provided. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed

    WHAT DO USERS NEED? EXPLORING INFLUENCES ON THE ADOPTION OF MOBILE CONTENT AND THE DIFFERENCES AMONG CATEGORIES OF ADOPTERS

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    Businesses develop products and services with the goal of earning a satisfactory return on their original investment of time and capital. For their part, consumers seek out products and services that meet a recognized need. However, predicting the adoption rate of any new technology is an inexact science, and some businesses find themselves on the wrong side of the curve. The variables factoring into consumers’ purchasing decisions are manifold and contingent on a wider network of influences. This research suggests that a primary variable that influences consumers’ adoption of a technological innovation (in this case, mobile content) is the perception of 10 proposed Mobile Content Needs. The first goal of this research is to propose a framework for the relationships among the adoption of mobile content, users’ perception of their need for mobile content, and users’ innovativeness, which is a measure of the likelihood to adopt a new product. This research seeks to explore the differences among groups (categories) of adopters in the context of the perceived needs influencing their decision to adopt mobile content. In other words, it examines the prominence of particular mobile content needs for each of the five categories of adopters. This examination provides indirect evidence of how the mobile content adoption process evolves over time in relation to a specific innovation and within specific groups. This research is useful for those seeking to better understand the mobile content market in its totality, in particular the motivations driving different adopter groups. The results of this research may enable the development of more relevant, targeted content, with a surer knowledge of what a potential consumer needs at each stage of the adoption lifecycle. Similarly, this research offers a foundation for more extensive studies in the near future
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