IoT@run-time: a model-based approach to support deployment and self-adaptations in IoT systems

Today, most Internet of Things (IoT) systems leverage edge and fog computing to meet increasingly restrictive requirements and improve quality of service (QoS). Although these multi-layer architectures can improve system performance, their design is challenging because the dynamic and changing IoT environment can impact the QoS and system operation. In this thesis, we propose a modeling-based approach that addresses the limitations of existing studies to support the design, deployment, and management of self-adaptive IoT systems. We have designed a domain specific language (DSL) to specify the self-adaptive IoT system, a code generator that generates YAML manifests for the deployment of the IoT system, and a framework based on the MAPE-K loop to monitor and adapt the IoT system at runtime. Finally, we have conducted several experimental studies to validate the expressiveness and usability of the DSL and to evaluate the ability and performance of our framework to address the growth of concurrent adaptations on an IoT system.Hoy en día, la mayoría de los sistemas de internet de las cosas (IoT, por su sigla en inglés) aprovechan la computación en el borde (edge computing) y la computación en la niebla (fog computing) para cumplir requisitos cada vez más restrictivos y mejorar la calidad del servicio. Aunque estas arquitecturas multicapa pueden mejorar el rendimiento del sistema, diseñarlas supone un reto debido a que el entorno de IoT dinámico y cambiante puede afectar a la calidad del servicio y al funcionamiento del sistema. En esta tesis proponemos un enfoque basado en el modelado que aborda las limitaciones de los estudios existentes para dar soporte en el diseño, el despliegue y la gestión de sistemas de IoT autoadaptables. Hemos diseñado un lenguaje de dominio específico (DSL) para modelar el sistema de IoT autoadaptable, un generador de código que produce manifiestos YAML para el despliegue del sistema de IoT y un marco basado en el bucle MAPE-K para monitorizar y adaptar el sistema de IoT en tiempo de ejecución. Por último, hemos llevado a cabo varios estudios experimentales para validar la expresividad y usabilidad del DSL y evaluar la capacidad y el rendimiento de nuestro marco para abordar el crecimiento de las adaptaciones concurrentes en un sistema de IoT.Avui dia, la majoria dels sistemes d'internet de les coses (IoT, per la sigla en anglès) aprofiten la informàtica a la perifèria (edge computing) i la informàtica a la boira (fog computing) per complir requisits cada cop més restrictius i millorar la qualitat del servei. Tot i que aquestes arquitectures multicapa poden millorar el rendiment del sistema, dissenyar-les suposa un repte perquè l'entorn d'IoT dinàmic i canviant pot afectar la qualitat del servei i el funcionament del sistema. En aquesta tesi proposem un enfocament basat en el modelatge que aborda les limitacions dels estudis existents per donar suport al disseny, el desplegament i la gestió de sistemes d'IoT autoadaptatius. Hem dissenyat un llenguatge de domini específic (DSL) per modelar el sistema d'IoT autoadaptatiu, un generador de codi que produeix manifestos YAML per al desplegament del sistema d'IoT i un marc basat en el bucle MAPE-K per monitorar i adaptar el sistema d'IoT en temps d'execució. Finalment, hem dut a terme diversos estudis experimentals per validar l'expressivitat i la usabilitat del DSL i avaluar la capacitat i el rendiment del nostre marc per abordar el creixement de les adaptacions concurrents en un sistema d'IoT.Tecnologies de la informació i de xarxe

Mining Technologies Innovative Development

The present book covers the main challenges, important for future prospects of subsoils extraction as a public effective and profitable business, as well as technologically advanced industry. In the near future, the mining industry must overcome the problems of structural changes in raw materials demand and raise the productivity up to the level of high-tech industries to maintain the profits. This means the formation of a comprehensive and integral response to such challenges as the need for innovative modernization of mining equipment and an increase in its reliability, the widespread introduction of Industry 4.0 technologies in the activities of mining enterprises, the transition to "green mining" and the improvement of labor safety and avoidance of man-made accidents. The answer to these challenges is impossible without involving a wide range of scientific community in the publication of research results and exchange of views and ideas. To solve the problem, this book combines the works of researchers from the world's leading centers of mining science on the development of mining machines and mechanical systems, surface and underground geotechnology, mineral processing, digital systems in mining, mine ventilation and labor protection, and geo-ecology. A special place among them is given to post-mining technologies research

Plataforma de monitorização remota dos parâmetros dos veículos e interações da estrada

With the recent evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT), as in different areas of everyday life, the Automotive Industry has also been having to adapt with the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). In consequence of this, the number of electronic systems and devices in an automobile is ever increasing. By one hand, this is a growing tendency of using these technologies to improve road safety, by decreasing the probability of human error. On the other hand, to guarantee the safety and proper function in the operation of vehicles it becomes necessary to acquire information and monitor these devices, so as to determine the cause of failures that may happen and of the equipment wear to prevent malfunctions and accidents. With that in mind, this work will have two branches. First, a program will be presented to read the data from the vehicle’s diagnostic system with the purpose of storing it in a database by using a data logger and of analysing the data to monitor the engine’s working parameters. With this analysis it will be possible to visualize the main parameters of the car and its devices, acquiring information to define the normal driving conditions so as to determine when some problem occurs, as well as to examine how the parameters change in consequence from the equipment wear. Meanwhile sensors will also be installed in the car that will be used for object detection of possible obstacles that the vehicle may come across in normal conditions, be it another vehicle, a person or objects. The readings acquired by the sensors will also be stored for analysis and treatment in order to get the desired information from them. This work also proposes that all the information stored in the database be easily consulted, in a web page, accessible at any time through any device connected to the internet with a Web browser. Therefore, drivers would be helped with the awareness of the vehicle’s surroundings and also be able to monitor the vehicle’s proper function and discover if problems should appear before it could cause major failures and safety breaches. In order to accomplish those goals, a solution using a LiDAR sensor, a GPS module, a Bluetooth module, an ELM327 diagnostic device and three Esp32 microcontrollers was developed. In this Dissertation will be described the developing processes and the solutions obtained that led to the solution of the problems approached here.Com a recente evolução trazida pela Internet das Coisas (IoT), tal como ocorreu em diversas áreas da vida cotidiana, a Industria Automobilística teve que se reinventar e adaptar, com a Internet dos Veículos (IoV). Consequentemente, o número de sistemas e equipamentos eletrónicos presentes em um automóvel é cada vez maior. Por um lado, é uma tendência crescente o uso dessas tecnologias para garantir a segurança rodoviária, de modo a diminuir a probabilidade de erros humanos. Por outro lado, para ser possível garantir a segurança e o funcionamento adequado dos veículos tornou-se necessário monitorizar estes equipamentos, com o propósito de determinar as causas de possíveis falhas e do desgaste durante o uso destas partes para prevenir falhas e acidentes. Com estes objectivos, o trabalho desenvolvido nessa dissertação terá duas vertentes. Primeiramente, será apresentado um programa usado para ler as informações adquiridas pela centralina do carro com o propósito de armazenar essas informações em uma base de dados por meio de um Data Logger e também de realizar uma análise para monitorizar os parâmetros do motor. Com isto será possível visualizar os principais parâmetros de condução, identificando como seria a condição normal de funcionamento com o propósito de determinar quando há algum problema e para examinar a variação dos parâmetros devido ao desgaste. Enquanto isso, também serão instalados sensores no veículo com o intuito de identificar objetos comuns de serem encontrados em condições normais, sejam estes outros veículos, peões ou ciclistas. As leituras adquiridas também serão armazenadas para análise e tratamento dos dados, para conseguir as informações desejadas. Neste trabalho também é proposto que a informação armazenada na base de dados seja facilmente consultável a partir de uma página Web, acessível a qualquer momento por meio de um equipamento conectado `a Internet e com um Web Browser. Desta forma, os motoristas seriam auxiliados com a perceção dos arredores do veículo e seriam capazes de monitorizar o funcionamento do seu veículo e identificar o aparecimento de problemas antes que estes causem falhas e apresentem maior risco de segurança. Para atingir esses objetivos, foi desenvolvida uma solução utilizando um sensor LiDAR, um módulo GPS, um módulo Bluetooth, um dispositivo de diagnóstico ELM327 e três microcontroladores Esp32. Nesta Dissertação serão descritos os processos de desenvolvimento e as soluções obtidas que levaram à solução dos problemas aqui abordados.Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânic

Resource Provision of the Sustainable Development under Global Shocks

This reprint focuses on interdisciplinary research that reveals the problems of resource provision of the economy, both from the perspective of local projects and from the point of view of the creation of global infrastructure that contributes to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. Considerable attention is paid to the development of the Arctic territories as one of the most promising sources of mineral and fuel resources as of 2021. This reprint also includes selected papers from European Raw Materials Conferences 2020–2021, held despite the global COVID-19 pandemic, and will be published with the financial support of the International competence Centre for mining-engineering education under the auspices of UNESCO: - Russian–UK Raw Materials Dialogue (21–23 October 2020); - Russian–German Raw Materials Conference (30 November–1 December 2020)

Environmental Management

Environmental Management - Pollution, Habitat, Ecology, and Sustainability includes sixteen chapters that discuss pressing environmental issues in diverse locations around the world. Chapters discuss methods, technologies, analyses, and actions that may enlighten and enable decision-makers and managers in their quests for control of environmental problems. The authors present the facts and the challenges behind the assorted issues and offer new perspectives for contending with natural, social, economic, and political aspects of management

Emerging Technologies

This monograph investigates a multitude of emerging technologies including 3D printing, 5G, blockchain, and many more to assess their potential for use to further humanity’s shared goal of sustainable development. Through case studies detailing how these technologies are already being used at companies worldwide, author Sinan Küfeoğlu explores how emerging technologies can be used to enhance progress toward each of the seventeen United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and to guarantee economic growth even in the face of challenges such as climate change. To assemble this book, the author explored the business models of 650 companies in order to demonstrate how innovations can be converted into value to support sustainable development. To ensure practical application, only technologies currently on the market and in use actual companies were investigated. This volume will be of great use to academics, policymakers, innovators at the forefront of green business, and anyone else who is interested in novel and innovative business models and how they could help to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. This is an open access book

Scale aware modeling and monitoring of the urban energy chain

With energy modeling at different complexity levels for smart cities and the concurrent data availability revolution from connected devices, a steady surge in demand for spatial knowledge has been observed in the energy sector. This transformation occurs in population centers focused on efficient energy use and quality of life. Energy-related services play an essential role in this mix, as they facilitate or interact with all other city services. This trend is primarily driven by the current age of the Ger.: Energiewende or energy transition, a worldwide push towards renewable energy sources, increased energy use efficiency, and local energy production that requires precise estimates of local energy demand and production. This shift in the energy market occurs as the world becomes aware of human-induced climate change, to which the building stock has a significant contribution (40% in the European Union). At the current rate of refurbishment and building replacement, of the buildings existing in 2050 in the European Union, 75% would not be classified as energy-efficient. That means that substantial structural change in the built environment and the energy chain is required to achieve EU-wide goals concerning environmental and energy policy. These objectives provide strong motivation for this thesis work and are generally made possible by energy monitoring and modeling activities that estimate the urban energy needs and quantify the impact of refurbishment measures. To this end, a modeling library called aEneAs was developed in the scope of this thesis that can perform city-wide building energy modeling. The library performs its tasks at the level of a single building and was a first in its field, using standardized spatial energy data structures that allow for portability from one city to another. For data input, extensive use was made of digital twins provided from CAD, BIM, GIS, architectural models, and a plethora of energy data sources. The library first quantifies primary thermal energy demand and then the impact of refurbishment measures. Lastly, it estimates the potential of renewable energy production from solar radiation. aEneAs also includes network modeling components that consider energy distribution in the given context, showing a path toward data modeling and simulation required for distributed energy production at the neighborhood and district level. In order to validate modeling activities in solar radiation and green façade and roof installations, six spatial models were coupled with sensor installations. These digital twins are included in three experiments that highlight this monitoring side of the energy chain and portray energy-related use cases that utilize the spatially enabled web services SOS-SES-WNS, SensorThingsAPI, and FIWARE. To this author\u27s knowledge, this is the first work that surveys the capabilities of these three solutions in a unifying context, each having its specific design mindset. The modeling and monitoring activity and their corresponding literature review indicated gaps in scientific knowledge concerning data science in urban energy modeling. First, a lack of standardization regarding the spatial scales at which data is stored and used in urban energy modeling was observed. In order to identify the appropriate spatial levels for modeling and data aggregation, scale is explored in-depth in the given context and defined as a byproduct of resolution and extent, with ranges provided for both parameters. To that end, a survey of the encountered spatial scales and actors in six different geographical and cultural settings was performed. The information from this survey was used to put forth a standardized spatial scales definition and create a scale-dependent ontology for use in urban energy modeling. The ontology also provides spatially enabled persistent identifiers that resolve issues encountered with object relationships in modeling for inheritance, dependency, and association. The same survey also reveals two significant issues with data in urban energy modeling. These are data consistency across spatial scales and urban fabric contiguity. The impact of these issues and different solutions such as data generalization are explored in the thesis. Further advancement of scientific knowledge is provided specifically with spatial standards and spatial data infrastructure in urban energy modeling. A review of use cases in the urban energy chain and a taxonomy of the standards were carried out. These provide fundamental input for another piece of this thesis: inclusive software architecture methods that promote data integration and allow for external connectivity to modern and legacy systems. In order to reduce time-costly extraction, transformation, and load processes, databases and web services to ferry data to and from separate data sources were used. As a result, the spatial models become central linking elements of the different types of energy-related data in a novel perspective that differs from the traditional one, where spatial data tends to be non-interoperable / not linked with other data types. These distinct data fusion approaches provide flexibility in an energy chain environment with inconsistent data structures and software. Furthermore, the knowledge gathered from the experiments presented in this thesis is provided as a synopsis of good practices

Знание иностранного языка как основной фактор для работы в инновационных условиях

В сборник включены материалы докладов 79-й студенческой научно-технической конференции «Знание иностранного языка как основной фактор для работы в инновационных условиях» по кафедре «Английский язык №1» факультета горного дела и инженерной экологии

Recent Development of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems

Abstract: The use of renewable energies continues to increase. However, the energy obtained from renewable resources is variable over time. The amount of energy produced from the renewable energy sources (RES) over time depends on the meteorological conditions of the region chosen, the season, the relief, etc. So, variable power and nonguaranteed energy produced by renewable sources implies intermittence of the grid. The key lies in supply sources integrated to a hybrid system (HS)

Engineering and built environment project conference 2016: book of abstracts - Toowoomba, Australia, 19-23 September 2016

Book of Abstracts of the USQ Engineering and Built Environment Conference 2016, held Toowoomba, Australia, 19-23 September 2016. These proceedings include extended abstracts of the verbal presentations that are delivered at the project conference. The work reported at the conference is the research undertaken by students in meeting the requirements of courses ENG4111/ENG4112 Research Project for undergraduate or ENG8411/ENG8412 Research Project and Dissertation for postgraduate students