Personalized Web Page Recommendation Using Ontology

In this network era, Web Page Recommendation and web page Recommendation systems can take advantage of semantic network reasoning-capabilities to overcome common limitations of current systems and improve the recommendations’ quality. This paper presents a personalized-web-recommendation system, a system that makes use of representations of items and user-profiles based on ontology in order to provide semantic applications with personalized services. The recommender uses domain ontology to enhance the personalization: on the other hand, user’s interests are modeled in a more effective and accurate way by applying a domain-based inference method; on the other hand, the stemmer algorithm used by our content-based filtering approach, which provides a measure of the affinity between an item and a user, is enhanced by applying a semantic similarity method. Web Usage Mining plays an important role in web page recommender systems and web personalization system. In this paper, we propose an effective personalized web recommendation system based on ontology and Web Usage Mining. The proposed approach integrates semantic knowledge into Web Usage Mining and personalization processes. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15071

Spatial integration of Semantic Web Services: the e-Merges approach

As Semantic Web Services (SWS) are becoming a more mature technology, the question of their integration into the web landscape is pushed to the foreground. In a world where it is believed that up to 80% of data has a geographical component, one in which new web maps applications recently show tremendous growth, and in which of course we constantly think and act in terms of movement and geographic features, integration into the spatial domain appears as an essential step toward wide-scale adoption of SWS technology. However, geographic space, as a unique but all encompassing domain has specificities that semantic descriptions must acknowledge. Furthermore, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) need to adapt to human cognitive abilities of spatial representation and reasoning. In this context, e-Merges, an emergency management application prototype developed in collaboration with emergency planners of public agencies, is an ongoing effort to integrate SWS technology in a GIS environment, by applying the SWS notions of goal and context based interaction

Semantic Web and the Web of Things: concept, platform and applications

The ubiquitous presence of devices with computational resources and connectivity is fostering the diffusion of the Internet of Things (IoT), where smart objects interoperate and react to the available information providing services to the users. The pervasiveness of the IoT across many different areas proves the worldwide interest of researchers from academic and enterprises worlds. This Research has brought to new technologies and protocols addressing different needs of emerging scenarios, making difficult to develop interoperable applications. The Web of Things is born to address this problem through the standard protocols responsible for the success of the Web. But a greater contribution can be provided by standards of the Semantic Web. Semantic Web protocols grant univocal identification of resources and representation of data in a way that information is machine understandable and computable and such that information from different sources can be easily aggregated. Semantic Web technologies are then interoperability enablers for the IoT. This Thesis investigates how to employ Semantic Web protocols in the IoT, to realize the Semantic Web of Things (SWoT) vision of an interoperable network of applications. Part I introduces the IoT, Part II investigates the algorithms to efficiently support the publish/subscribe paradigm in semantic brokers for the SWoT and their implementation in Smart-M3 and SEPA. The preliminary work toward the first benchmark for SWoT applications is presented. Part IV describes the Research activity aimed at applying the developed semantic infrastructures in real life scenarios (electro-mobility, home automation, semantic audio and Internet of Musical Things). Part V presents the conclusions. A lack of effective ways to explore and debug Semantic Web datasets emerged during these activities. Part III describes a second Research aimed at devising of a novel way to visualize semantic datasets, based on graphs and the new concept of Semantic Planes.La presenza massiva di dispositivi dotati di capacità computazionale e connettività sta alimentando la diffusione di un nuovo paradigma nell'ICT, conosciuto come Internet of Things. L'IoT è caratterizzato dai cosiddetti smart object che interagiscono, cooperano e reagiscono alle informazioni a loro disponibili per fornire servizi agli utenti. La diffusione dell'IoT su così tante aree è la testimonianza di un interesse mondiale da parte di ricercatori appartenenti sia al mondo accademico che a quello industriale. La Ricerca ha portato alla nascita di tecnologie e protocolli progettati per rispondere ai diversi bisogni degli scenari emergenti, rendendo difficile sviluppare applicazioni interoperabili. Il Web of Things (WoT) è nato per rispondere a questi problemi tramite l'adozione degli standard che hanno favorito il successo del Web. Ma un contributo maggiore può venire dal Semantic Web of Things (SWoT). Infatti, i protocolli del Semantic Web permettono identificazione univoca delle risorse e una rappresentazione dei dati tale che le informazioni siano computabili e l'informazione di differenti fonti facilmente aggregabile. Le tecnologie del Semantic Web sono quindi degli interoperability enabler per l'IoT. Questa Tesi analizza come adottare le tecnologie del Semantic Web nell'IoT per realizzare la visione del SWoT di una rete di applicazioni interoperabile. Part I introduce l'IoT, Part II analizza gli algoritmi per supportare il publish-subscribe nei broker semantici e la loro implementazione in Smart-M3 e SEPA. Inoltre, viene presentato il lavoro preliminare verso il primo benchmark per applicazioni SWoT. Part IV discute l'applicazione dei risultati a diversi domini applicativi (mobilità elettrica, domotica, semantic audio ed Internet of Musical Things). Part V presenta le conclusioni sul lavoro svolto. La Ricerca su applicazioni semantiche ha evidenziato carenze negli attuali software di visualizzazione. Quindi, Part III presenta un nuovo metodo di rappresentazione delle basi di conoscenza semantiche basato sull’approccio a grafo che introduce il concetto di Semantic Plane

Applying semantic web services to enterprise web

Enterprise Web provides a convenient, extendable, integrated platform for information sharing and knowledge management. However, it still has many drawbacks due to complexity and increasing information glut, as well as the heterogeneity of the information processed. Research in the field of Semantic Web Services has shown the possibility of adding higher level of semantic functionality onto the top of current Enterprise Web, enhancing usability and usefulness of resource, enabling decision support and automation. This paper aims to explore the use of Semantic Web Services in Enterprise Web and discuss the Semantic Web Services (SWS) approach for designing Enterprise Web applications. A Semantic Web Service oriented model is presented, in which resources and services are described by ontology, and processed through Semantic Web Service, allowing integrated administration, interoperability and automated reasoning

Making species checklists understandable to machines : a shift from relational databases to ontologies

Abstract Background The scientific names of plants and animals play a major role in Life Sciences as information is indexed, integrated, and searched using scientific names. The main problem with names is their ambiguous nature, because more than one name may point to the same taxon and multiple taxa may share the same name. In addition, scientific names change over time, which makes them open to various interpretations. Applying machine-understandable semantics to these names enables efficient processing of biological content in information systems. The first step is to use unique persistent identifiers instead of name strings when referring to taxa. The most commonly used identifiers are Life Science Identifiers (LSID), which are traditionally used in relational databases, and more recently HTTP URIs, which are applied on the Semantic Web by Linked Data applications. Results We introduce two models for expressing taxonomic information in the form of species checklists. First, we show how species checklists are presented in a relational database system using LSIDs. Then, in order to gain a more detailed representation of taxonomic information, we introduce meta-ontology TaxMeOn to model the same content as Semantic Web ontologies where taxa are identified using HTTP URIs. We also explore how changes in scientific names can be managed over time. Conclusions The use of HTTP URIs is preferable for presenting the taxonomic information of species checklists. An HTTP URI identifies a taxon and operates as a web address from which additional information about the taxon can be located, unlike LSID. This enables the integration of biological data from different sources on the web using Linked Data principles and prevents the formation of information silos. The Linked Data approach allows a user to assemble information and evaluate the complexity of taxonomical data based on conflicting views of taxonomic classifications. Using HTTP URIs and Semantic Web technologies also facilitate the representation of the semantics of biological data, and in this way, the creation of more “intelligent” biological applications and services

Improving Knowledge Retrieval in Digital Libraries Applying Intelligent Techniques

Nowadays an enormous quantity of heterogeneous and distributed information is stored in the digital University. Exploring online collections to find knowledge relevant to a user’s interests is a challenging work. The artificial intelligence and Semantic Web provide a common framework that allows knowledge to be shared and reused in an efficient way. In this work we propose a comprehensive approach for discovering E-learning objects in large digital collections based on analysis of recorded semantic metadata in those objects and the application of expert system technologies. We have used Case Based-Reasoning methodology to develop a prototype for supporting efficient retrieval knowledge from online repositories. We suggest a conceptual architecture for a semantic search engine. OntoUS is a collaborative effort that proposes a new form of interaction between users and digital libraries, where the latter are adapted to users and their surroundings

Benefits and challenges of applying Semantic Web Services in the e-Government domain

Joining up services in e-Government usually implies governmental agencies acting in concert without a central control regime. This requires the sharing of scattered and heterogeneous data. Semantic Web Service (SWS) technology can help to integrate, mediate and reason between these datasets. However, since few real-world applications have been developed, it is still unclear which are the actual benefits and issues of adopting such a technology in the e-Government domain. In this paper, we contribute to raising awareness of the potential benefits in the e-Government community by analyzing motivations, requirements, and expected results, before proposing a reusable SWS-based framework. We demonstrate the application of this framework by a compelling use case: a GIS-based emergency planning system. We illustrate the obtained benefits and the key challenges which remain to be addressed

Context-adaptive learning designs by using semantic web services

IMS Learning Design (IMS-LD) is a promising technology aimed at supporting learning processes. IMS-LD packages contain the learning process metadata as well as the learning resources. However, the allocation of resources - whether data or services - within the learning design is done manually at design-time on the basis of the subjective appraisals of a learning designer. Since the actual learning context is known at runtime only, IMS-LD applications cannot adapt to a specific context or learner. Therefore, the reusability is limited and high development costs have to be taken into account to support a variety of contexts. To overcome these issues, we propose a highly dynamic approach based on Semantic Web Services (SWS) technology. Our aim is moving from the current data- and metadata-based to a context-adaptive service-orientated paradigm We introduce semantic descriptions of a learning process in terms of user objectives (learning goals) to abstract from any specific metadata standards and used learning resources. At runtime, learning goals are accomplished by automatically selecting and invoking the services that fit the actual user needs and process contexts. As a result, we obtain a dynamic adaptation to different contexts at runtime. Semantic mappings from our standard-independent process models will enable the automatic development of versatile, reusable IMS-LD applications as well as the reusability across multiple metadata standards. To illustrate our approach, we describe a prototype application based on our principles

RDF na interoperabilidade entre domínios na web.

Este trabalho trata da aplicabilidade da tecnologia Resource Description Framework – RDF na interoperabilidade entre diferentes domínios. O tema é desenvolvido com uma fundamentação teórica e com um estudo de caso, através do qual são desenvolvidas aplicações para a Web, interoperáveis via RDF. O objetivo específico é traçar uma estratégia para aplicar RDF, exemplificando-a através do estudo de caso. Neste estudo, promove-se a interoperabilidade entre dois domínios (Anúncios Classificados e Serviços de Cartórios), aplicando Resource Description Framework em serviços na Web. Algumas características deste trabalho são: o processo de desenvolvimento das aplicações é baseado no RUP – Rational Unifield Process; os esquemas RDF dos domínios são criados durante a fase de elaboração de cada aplicação a partir do modelo de classes do domínio inicialmente representado através da UML; as aplicações Web para cada domínio são desenvolvidas com características das chamadas Semantic Web Applications, utilizando as especificações RDF para mostrar a interoperabilidade entre elas. Por fim, o trabalho é concluído com algumas análises e comentários acerca dos resultados alcançados com o estudo de caso, e são feitas algumas sugestões para subsidiar trabalhos futuros na área.This work is a study of the applicability of The Resource Description Framework (RDF) on the interoperability of data between different domains. First, the theoretical context of the theme is given, followed by a case study about the development of Interoperable Web Applications by RDF. The specific objective is presented a strategy for the application of the RDF, demonstrating it through a case study. In this work, the interoperability of two domains (Classified Ads and Notorial Services) is demonstrated through web applications. Some features of this work are presented as the following. The development process of the solution is RUP based (Rational Unifield Process). The RDF schemas of the domains are created during the elaboration phase of each application using the UML language. The Applications for each domain are built with features of Semantic Web Applications, applying RDF specifications, to promote the interoperability between them. In conclusion, some final analyses, comments and conclusions are made about the results of the case study, as well as suggestions for future research are presented