251,812 research outputs found
3D medical volume segmentation using hybrid multiresolution statistical approaches
This article is available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund. Copyright © 2010 S AlZuâbi and A Amira.3D volume segmentation is the process of partitioning voxels into 3D regions (subvolumes) that represent meaningful physical entities which are more meaningful and easier to analyze and usable in future applications. Multiresolution Analysis (MRA) enables the preservation of an image according to certain levels of resolution or blurring. Because of multiresolution quality, wavelets have been deployed in image compression, denoising, and classification. This paper focuses on the implementation of efficient medical volume segmentation techniques. Multiresolution analysis including 3D wavelet and ridgelet has been used for feature extraction which can be modeled using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) to segment the volume slices. A comparison study has been carried out to evaluate 2D and 3D techniques which reveals that 3D methodologies can accurately detect the Region Of Interest (ROI). Automatic segmentation has been achieved using HMMs where the ROI is detected accurately but suffers a long computation time for its calculations
Inter-individual cognitive variability in children with Asperger's syndrome
Multiple studies have tried to establish the distinctive profile of individuals with Asperger's syndrome (AS). However, recent reports suggest that adults with AS feature heterogeneous cognitive profiles. The present study explores inter-individual variability in children with AS through group comparison and multiple case series analysis. All participants completed an extended battery including measures of fluid and crystallized intelligence, executive functions, theory of mind, and classical neuropsychological tests. Significant group differences were found in theory of mind and other domains related to global information processing. However, the AS group showed high inter-individual variability (both sub- and supra-normal performance) on most cognitive tasks. Furthermore, high fluid intelligence correlated with less general cognitive impairment, high cognitive flexibility, and speed of motor processing. In light of these findings, we propose that children with AS are characterized by a distinct, uneven pattern of cognitive strengths and weaknesses.Fil: GonzĂĄlez Gadea, MarĂa Luz. Universidad Diego Portales; Chile. Universidad Favaloro; Argentina. Instituto de NeurologĂa Cognitiva; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Tripicchio, Paula. Instituto de NeurologĂa Cognitiva; Argentina. Universidad Favaloro; ArgentinaFil: Rattazzi del Carril, Alexia. Instituto de NeurologĂa Cognitiva; Argentina. Universidad Favaloro; ArgentinaFil: BĂĄez Buitrago, Sandra Jimena. Universidad Favaloro; Argentina. Universidad Diego Portales; Chile. Universidad Catolica Argentina; Argentina. Instituto de NeurologĂa Cognitiva; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Marino, JuliĂĄn Carlos. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de PsicologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Roca, MarĂa. Universidad Favaloro; Argentina. Instituto de NeurologĂa Cognitiva; Argentina. Universidad Diego Portales; Chile. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Manes, Facundo Francisco. Instituto de NeurologĂa Cognitiva; Argentina. Universidad Favaloro; Argentina. Universidad Diego Portales; Chile. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders; AustriaFil: Ibanez Barassi, Agustin Mariano. Instituto de NeurologĂa Cognitiva; Argentina. Universidad Favaloro; Argentina. Universidad Diego Portales; Chile. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders; Austria. Universidad Autonoma del Caribe; Colombi
ABCD Neurocognitive Prediction Challenge 2019: Predicting individual fluid intelligence scores from structural MRI using probabilistic segmentation and kernel ridge regression
We applied several regression and deep learning methods to predict fluid
intelligence scores from T1-weighted MRI scans as part of the ABCD
Neurocognitive Prediction Challenge (ABCD-NP-Challenge) 2019. We used voxel
intensities and probabilistic tissue-type labels derived from these as features
to train the models. The best predictive performance (lowest mean-squared
error) came from Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR; ), which produced a
mean-squared error of 69.7204 on the validation set and 92.1298 on the test
set. This placed our group in the fifth position on the validation leader board
and first place on the final (test) leader board.Comment: Winning entry in the ABCD Neurocognitive Prediction Challenge at
MICCAI 2019. 7 pages plus references, 3 figures, 1 tabl
Opening the Black Box: Explaining the Process of Basing a Health Recommender System on the I-Change Behavioral Change Model
Recommender systems are gaining traction in healthcare because they can tailor recommendations
based on users' feedback concerning their appreciation of previous health-related messages. However,
recommender systems are often not grounded in behavioral change theories, which may further increase
the effectiveness of their recommendations. This paper's objective is to describe principles for designing
and developing a health recommender system grounded in the I-Change behavioral change model that
shall be implemented through a mobile app for a smoking cessation support clinical trial. We built upon
an existing smoking cessation health recommender system that delivered motivational messages through a
mobile app. A group of experts assessed how the system may be improved to address the behavioral change
determinants of the I-Change behavioral change model. The resulting system features a hybrid recommender
algorithm for computer tailoring smoking cessation messages. A total of 331 different motivational messages
were designed using 10 health communication methods. The algorithm was designed to match 58 message
characteristics to each user pro le by following the principles of the I-Change model and maintaining the
bene ts of the recommender system algorithms. The mobile app resulted in a streamlined version that aimed
to improve the user experience, and this system's design bridges the gap between health recommender
systems and the use of behavioral change theories. This article presents a novel approach integrating
recommender system technology, health behavior technology, and computer-tailored technology. Future
researchers will be able to build upon the principles applied in this case study.European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant 68112
The Integration of Connectionism and First-Order Knowledge Representation and Reasoning as a Challenge for Artificial Intelligence
Intelligent systems based on first-order logic on the one hand, and on
artificial neural networks (also called connectionist systems) on the other,
differ substantially. It would be very desirable to combine the robust neural
networking machinery with symbolic knowledge representation and reasoning
paradigms like logic programming in such a way that the strengths of either
paradigm will be retained. Current state-of-the-art research, however, fails by
far to achieve this ultimate goal. As one of the main obstacles to be overcome
we perceive the question how symbolic knowledge can be encoded by means of
connectionist systems: Satisfactory answers to this will naturally lead the way
to knowledge extraction algorithms and to integrated neural-symbolic systems.Comment: In Proceedings of INFORMATION'2004, Tokyo, Japan, to appear. 12 page
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