Improved Malware detection model with Apriori Association rule and particle swarm optimization

The incessant destruction and harmful tendency of malware on mobile devices has made malware detection an indispensable continuous field of research. Different matching/mismatching approaches have been adopted in the detection of malware which includes anomaly detection technique, misuse detection, or hybrid detection technique. In order to improve the detection rate of malicious application on the Android platform, a novel knowledge-based database discovery model that improves apriori association rule mining of a priori algorithm with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is proposed. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to optimize the random generation of candidate detectors and parameters associated with apriori algorithm (AA) for features selection. In this method, the candidate detectors generated by particle swarm optimization form rules using apriori association rule. These rule models are used together with extraction algorithm to classify and detect malicious android application. Using a number of rule detectors, the true positive rate of detecting malicious code is maximized, while the false positive rate of wrongful detection is minimized. The results of the experiments show that the proposed a priori association rule with Particle Swarm Optimization model has remarkable improvement over the existing contemporary detection models. © 2019 Olawale Surajudeen Adebayo and Normaziah Abdul Aziz

Application of Particle Swarm Optimization to Formative E-Assessment in Project Management

The current paper describes the application of Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm to the formative e-assessment problem in project management. The proposed approach resolves the issue of personalization, by taking into account, when selecting the item tests in an e-assessment, the following elements: the ability level of the user, the targeted difficulty of the test and the learning objectives, represented by project management concepts which have to be checked. The e-assessment tool in which the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is integrated is also presented. Experimental results and comparison with other algorithms used in item tests selection prove the suitability of the proposed approach to the formative e-assessment domain. The study is presented in the framework of other evolutionary and genetic algorithms applied in e-education.Particle Swarm Optimization, Genetic Algorithms, Evolutionary Algorithms, Formative E-assessment, E-education

Application of Weighted Particle Swarm Optimization in Association Rule Mining

Determination of the threshold values of support and confidence, affect the quality of association rule mining up to a great extent. Focus of my study is to apply weighted PSO for evaluating threshold values for support and confidence. The particle swarm optimization algorithm first searches for the optimum fitness value of each particle and then finds corresponding support and confidence as minimal threshold values after the data are transformed into binary values. The proposed method is verified by applying the Food Mart 2000 database of Microsoft SQL Server 2000. I am expecting that the particle swarm optimization algorithm will suggest suitable threshold values and obtain quality rules as per the previous works [1]

A Survey on Particle Swarm Optimization for Association Rule Mining

Association rule mining (ARM) is one of the core techniques of data mining to discover potentially valuable association relationships from mixed datasets. In the current research, various heuristic algorithms have been introduced into ARM to address the high computation time of traditional ARM. Although a more detailed review of the heuristic algorithms based on ARM is available, this paper differs from the existing reviews in that we expected it to provide a more comprehensive and multi-faceted survey of emerging research, which could provide a reference for researchers in the field to help them understand the state-of-the-art PSO-based ARM algorithms. In this paper, we review the existing research results. Heuristic algorithms for ARM were divided into three main groups, including biologically inspired, physically inspired, and other algorithms. Additionally, different types of ARM and their evaluation metrics are described in this paper, and the current status of the improvement in PSO algorithms is discussed in stages, including swarm initialization, algorithm parameter optimization, optimal particle update, and velocity and position updates. Furthermore, we discuss the applications of PSO-based ARM algorithms and propose further research directions by exploring the existing problems.publishedVersio

Finding High-Dimensional D-OptimalDesigns for Logistic Models via Differential Evolution

D-optimal designs are frequently used in controlled experiments to obtain the most accurateestimate of model parameters at minimal cost. Finding them can be a challenging task, especially whenthere are many factors in a nonlinear model. As the number of factors becomes large and interact withone another, there are many more variables to optimize and the D-optimal design problem becomes highdimensionaland non-separable. Consequently, premature convergence issues arise. Candidate solutions gettrapped in local optima and the classical gradient-based optimization approaches to search for the D-optimaldesigns rarely succeed. We propose a specially designed version of differential evolution (DE) which is arepresentative gradient-free optimization approach to solve such high-dimensional optimization problems.The proposed specially designed DE uses a new novelty-based mutation strategy to explore the variousregions in the search space. The exploration of the regions will be carried out differently from the previouslyexplored regions and the diversity of the population can be preserved. The proposed novelty-based mutationstrategy is collaborated with two common DE mutation strategies to balance exploration and exploitationat the early or medium stage of the evolution. Additionally, we adapt the control parameters of DE as theevolution proceeds. Using logistic models with several factors on various design spaces as examples, oursimulation results show our algorithm can find D-optimal designs efficiently and the algorithm outperformsits competitors. As an application, we apply our algorithm and re-design a 10-factor car refueling experimentwith discrete and continuous factors and selected pairwise interactions. Our proposed algorithm was able toconsistently outperform the other algorithms and find a more efficient D-optimal design for the problem

Water filtration by using apple and banana peels as activated carbon

Water filter is an important devices for reducing the contaminants in raw water. Activated from charcoal is used to absorb the contaminants. Fruit peels are some of the suitable alternative carbon to substitute the charcoal. Determining the role of fruit peels which were apple and banana peels powder as activated carbon in water filter is the main goal. Drying and blending the peels till they become powder is the way to allow them to absorb the contaminants. Comparing the results for raw water before and after filtering is the observation. After filtering the raw water, the reading for pH was 6.8 which is in normal pH and turbidity reading recorded was 658 NTU. As for the colour, the water becomes more clear compared to the raw water. This study has found that fruit peels such as banana and apple are an effective substitute to charcoal as natural absorbent

Improved optimization of numerical association rule mining using hybrid particle swarm optimization and cauchy distribution

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has been applied to solve optimization problems in various fields, such as Association Rule Mining (ARM) of numerical problems. However, PSO often becomes trapped in local optima. Consequently, the results do not represent the overall optimum solutions. To address this limitation, this study aims to combine PSO with the Cauchy distribution (PARCD), which is expected to increase the global optimal value of the expanded search space. Furthermore, this study uses multiple objective functions, i.e., support, confidence, comprehensibility, interestingness and amplitude. In addition, the proposed method was evaluated using benchmark datasets, such as the Quake, Basket ball, Body fat, Pollution, and Bolt datasets. Evaluation results were compared to the results obtained by previous studies. The results indicate that the overall values of the objective functions obtained using the proposed PARCD approach are satisfactory

ARM-AMO: An Efficient Association Rule Mining Algorithm Based on Animal Migration Optimization

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI linkAssociation rule mining (ARM) aims to find out association rules that satisfy predefined minimum support and confidence from a given database. However, in many cases ARM generates extremely large number of association rules, which are impossible for end users to comprehend or validate, thereby limiting the usefulness of data mining results. In this paper, we propose a new mining algorithm based on Animal Migration Optimization (AMO), called ARM-AMO, to reduce the number of association rules. It is based on the idea that rules which are not of high support and unnecessary are deleted from the data. Firstly, Apriori algorithm is applied to generate frequent itemsets and association rules. Then, AMO is used to reduce the number of association rules with a new fitness function that incorporates frequent rules. It is observed from the experiments that, in comparison with the other relevant techniques, ARM-AMO greatly reduces the computational time for frequent item set generation, memory for association rule generation, and the number of rules generated