Организация воздухообмена в жилых зданиях и энергосбережение

In article is made an analysis of the principal types system ventilation of the apartment houses, analysys its form factor, an account the influx-and-extract ventilation system subject to the using of a heat-exchange apparatus, the heaters, the filters, the estimate of a pay-back period and a air balance of the apartment houses under the condition the intermittent work system ventilatio

Usage of air-conditioners and windows in residential areas in Johor Bahru City : planning methods of coastal residential areas in consideration of wind flow

This study discusses planning methods of residential areas in coastal cities, focusing on the effect of wind flow. This aims to determine strategies that reduce energy consumption in residential areas, targeting especially a reduction in the use of air-conditioners. As a part of the above study, this paper presents the findings of a questionnaire survey on usage of windows and air-conditioners among selected households in apartment houses in Johor Bahru City, Malaysia and compares the results with those in terraced houses surveyed previously

Puukerrostalot Suomessa

Opinnäytetyössä oli tavoitteena kertoa puukerrostalojen historiaa sekä puukerrostalon kehitysvaiheita Suomessa näihin päiviin asti. Aineistosta selviää mitä rakennusmateriaaleja puukerrostaloissa käytetään; tällaisia ovat esimer-kiksi CLT:n massiiviset seinän rakenteet (ristiinliimattu puu) ja LVL-rakenteiset pilari- ja palkkijärjestelmät (viilupuu). Opinnäytetyössä tarkasteltiin molempien valmistusprosessia ja kyseisten rakennusmateriaalien käyttöä rakennuskoh-teissa. Insinööripuita ovat CLT- ja LVL-puutuotteet. Insinööripuu-nimitys annetaan jatkojalostetuille puille, joitten lujuusominaisuudet ovat huomattavasti parempia kuin sahatavaralla. Opinnäytetyössä vertailtiin viilupuuta sen kilpailijoihin kustannuksien ja ominaisuuksien osalta. CLT:stä ei voitu tehdä analyysiä tiedon vähyyden vuoksi. Tarkastelussa oli erilaisten rakennejärjestelmien vaihtoehtoja ja rakenneratkaisu-ja. Tutkimuksessa koeistettiin ruuvien ja viilupuun kestävyyttä vetokokeella. Selvitettiin kertopuun palokestävyyttä. Tuloksista selviää vertailu kilpailijoihin nähden. CLT:n ja LVL:n hinta oli korkeampi kuin sahatavaran, mutta lujuu-dessa sahatavara oli huonompi. Lopuksi on pohdittu puukerrostalojen rakentamisen onnistumista Suomessa. Lisäksi on tarkasteltu puukerrostalojen kehitystä tähän päivään asti sekä rakennejärjestelmän valintaan vaikuttavia tekijöitä.The aim of this final project was to introduce the history of wooden apartment houses in Finland and the develop-ment stages of wood apartment houses until present day. The study shows which wood materials are used in wooden apartment houses, like CLT massive wall construction (cross laminated timber) and LVL pillar beam system structures (laminated veneer lumber). This final project discusses the construction process of both structures and the use of these materials in construction. CLT and LVL are engineer timbers. The name engineer timber is given to further processed timber that has better strength properties than ordinary saw timber. In this project the cost and properties of LVL were compared to the products of other competitors. Due to lack of information it was not possible to make an analysis of CLT. Different options for structural systems and solutions were investigated. The resistance of screws and LVL was researched with pull tests. LVL fire test resistance. As a result of the project there was a comparison showing that the price of CLT and LVL is more expensive than of timber, but in strength the properties of timber are worse. Finally, the success of building wooden apartment houses was discussed as well as the development of building and the factors that affect the choise of materials as well

Eileen Chang and cinema

The death of Eileen Chang on September 8, 1995 in Los Angeles made headlines in all the Chinese newspapers. In the Chinese-speaking areas of Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China, a veritable cult of mystique has been built around her by both public media and the large number of her fans (who called themselves Chang-mi or Chang-fans”). However, in the last twenty-three years of her life Chang lived quietly and incognito in Los Angeles, shunning all social contact and escaping publicity by constantly changing her residences in numerous hotels, motels, and small apartment houses until her death in an obscure apartment building in the Westwood section of Los Angeles. This “mystery” of her last years adds only more glamour to her legend: she was like a retired movie star past her prime, like Greta Garbo

Wind environment evaluation in neighborhood residential areas in Malaysia:a case study of Johor Bahru metropolitan city

This paper discusses planning guidelines at the neighborhood residential areas in consideration of wind flow in Malaysia. It aims to reduce the energy consumption particularly from the usage of home air conditioners. Natural wind flow is one of the most effective methods to help achieve the energy saving objectives in large cities especially under the tropical climate like Malaysia. This paper presents the results of several wind tunnel tests on selected neighborhood residential areas in the Johor Bahru Metropolitan City. Moreover, the wind environment evaluation of the selected case study areas under the climate conditions of the city was carried out. The results of the evaluation shows that the mean wind velocities at 1.5m height of some of the Malaysian terraced houses cases were in the comfort zone particularly during the northeast monsoon period. Nevertheless, both in the southwest monsoon period and the inter monsoon period, although the mean values of wind velocity ratio of the Malaysian terrace houses had been slightly higher than the trend line of the Japanese apartment houses, the mean wind velocities in all the cases in the Johor Bahru City and Japan did not reach the required comfort zones

The Law of Conservation of Activities in Domestic Space

Until the early twentieth century, for hundreds of years, the housing prototype in Seoul has been a courtyard house where a central open space is surrounded by building blocks and fence. Through the twentieth century, as new modern types of houses emerged, the housing culture began to change and consequently this prototype began to make transformations. This evolutionary process necessarily accompanied the functional change of room activities; some rooms acquired more activities and some lost them; and some has lost all the activities and became extinct. This paper attempts to analyse the housing evolution in Seoul by measuring the ″space-activity interactions″. Through the analysis, it is found that, at the collective level, the basic home activities are preserved through the formal change of the house. Without leaving the domestic field, they are decomposed into separate elements, re-distributed into other spaces, and then re-combined to characterise a new type of space. This is the internal spatial mechanism by which the old house is gradually transformed into a new house

LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR APARTMENT HOUSE TO CONTACT LAND RENTAL

The traditional form of home ownership belongs to both the house and the land on which it is built. The problem of shared property is particularly painful for the inhabitants of privatized apartment houses, which makes it difficult to use the property. It creates insurmountable conflicts between the apartment owners and land owners. It is therefore important to draw the public's attention to finding the optimal solution to end such relationships

Landlords' plight

Rent ; Housing policy ; Apartment houses

Analysis of Cosequences of Faults in General Zero Transmission Lines of Power Supply Stations

Zero transmission line faults in power supply systems in large apartment houses, office blocks, offices and other structures cause voltage excursions,which are in the spotlight of this research. The phenomenon has been commented from the theoretical perspective, and emergency situations, which are likely to arise as a result ofmalfunction of single-phase power supply consumers, as well as the probable dangers of fire occurrences, have been revealed. We offer to install an appropriateprotective device to avoid such emergency situations