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Learning a Motor Grammar of Iconic Gestures
Sadeghipour A, Kopp S. Learning a Motor Grammar of Iconic Gestures. In: Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci 2013). Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society; 2014: 1341-1346
Nested Sets and Natural Frequencies
Is the nested sets approach to improving accuracy on Bayesian word problems simply a way of prompting a natural frequencies solution, as its critics claim? Conversely, is it in fact, as its advocates claim, a more fundamental explanation of why the natural frequency approach itself works? Following recent calls, we use a process-focused approach to contribute to answering these long-debated questions. We also argue for a third, pragmatic way of looking at these two approaches and argue that they reveal different truths about human Bayesian reasoning. Using a think aloud methodology we show that while the nested sets approach does appear in part to work via the mechanisms theorised by advocates (by encouraging a nested sets representation), it also encourages conversion of the problem to frequencies, as its critics claim. The ramifications of these findings, as well as ways to further enhance the nested sets approach and train individuals to deal with standard probability problems are discussed
Viewing time affects overspecification : evidence for two strategies of attribute selection during reference production
overspecified: they tend to include more attributes than necessary
to distinguish the target referent. The current paper investigates
how the occurrence of overspecification is affected by
viewing time. We conducted an experiment in which speakers
were asked to refer to target objects in visual domains. Half of
the speakers had unlimited time to inspect the domains, while
viewing time was limited (1000 ms) for the other half. The results
reveal that limited viewing time induces the occurrence
of overspecification. We conjecture that limited viewing time
caused speakers to rely heavily on quick heuristics during attribute
selection, which urge them to select attributes that are
perceptually salient. In the case of unlimited inspection time,
speakers seem to rely on a combination of heuristic and more
deliberate selection strategies.peer-reviewe
Computational exploration of the relationship between holistic processing and right hemisphere lateralization in featural and configural recognition tasks
Open URL: http://csjarchive.cogsci.rpi.edu/Proceedings/2011/Holistic processing has long been considered as a property of right hemisphere (RH) processing. Nevertheless, recent studies showed reduced holistic processing and increased RH lateralization in Chinese character recognition expertise, suggesting that these two effects may separate. Through computational modeling, in which we implement a theory of hemispheric asymmetry in perception that posits a low frequency bias in the RH and a high frequency bias in the left hemisphere, we show that when the recognition task relies purely on featural information, holistic processing increases whereas RH lateralization decreases with increasing stimulus similarity; there is a negative correlation between them. In contrast, when the task relies purely on configural information, although RH lateralization negatively correlates with stimulus similarity, holistic processing does not correlate with stimulus similarity; there is a positive correlation between them. This suggests that holistic processing and RH lateralization do not always go together, depending on the task requirements.postprintThe 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci 2011), Boston, MA., 20-23 July 2011. In Proceedings of the 33rd CogSci, 2011, p. 2592-259
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