Belle II Technical Design Report

The Belle detector at the KEKB electron-positron collider has collected almost 1 billion Y(4S) events in its decade of operation. Super-KEKB, an upgrade of KEKB is under construction, to increase the luminosity by two orders of magnitude during a three-year shutdown, with an ultimate goal of 8E35 /cm^2 /s luminosity. To exploit the increased luminosity, an upgrade of the Belle detector has been proposed. A new international collaboration Belle-II, is being formed. The Technical Design Report presents physics motivation, basic methods of the accelerator upgrade, as well as key improvements of the detector.Comment: Edited by: Z. Dole\v{z}al and S. Un

Advanced Phase Change Materials for Thermal Storage

Thermal energy storage using phase change materials (PCMs) is a research topic that has attracted much attention in recent decades. This is mainly due to the potential use of PCMs as latent storage media in a large variety of applications. Although many kinds of PCMs are already commercial products, advanced materials with improved properties and new latent storage concepts are required to better meet the specific requirements of different applications. Moreover, the development of common validation procedures for PCMs is an important issue that should be addressed in order to achieve commercial deployment and implementation of these kinds of materials in latent storage systems. The key subjects addressed on the five papers included in this Special Issue are related to methodologies for material selection, PCM validation and assessment procedures, innovative approaches of PCM applications together with simulation and testing of latent storage prototypes

SkinnySensor: Enabling Battery-Less Wearable Sensors Via Intrabody Power Transfer

Tremendousadvancement inultra-low powerelectronics and radiocommunica tionshas significantly contributed towards the fabrication of miniaturized biomedical sensors capable of capturing physiological data and transmitting them wirelessly. However, most of the wearable sensors require a battery for their operation. The battery serves as one of the critical bottlenecks to the development of novel wearable applications, as the limitations offered by batteries are affecting the development of new form-factors and longevity of wearable devices. In this work, we introduce a novel concept, namely Intra-Body Power Transfer (IBPT), to alleviate the limitations and problems associated with batteries, and enable wireless, batteryless wearable devices. The innovation of IBPT is to utilize the human body as the medium to transfer power to passive wearable devices, as opposed to employingon-boardbatteries for each individual device. The proposed platform eliminates the on-board rigid battery for ultra-low power and ultra-miniaturized sensors such that their form-factor can be flexible, ergonomically designed to be placed on small body parts. The platform also eliminates the need for battery maintenance (e.g., recharging or replacement) for multiple wearable devices other than the central power source. The performance of the developed system is tested and evaluated in comparison to traditional Radio Frequency based solutions that can be harmful to human interaction. The system developed is capable of harvesting on average 217µW at 0.43V and provides an average sleep/high impedance mode voltage of 4.5V

The development of a warhead into an integrated weapon system to provide an advanced battlefield capability

This thesis addresses the topic of integration of weapons systems into communication networks to provide an advanced battlefield capability, with particular application to air launched and long range crew served weapon systems which may also be vehicle mounted. It considers the use of 'Military off-the-shelf' seeker, navigation and communication systems coupled with a novel tandem warhead system. This combination of 'low risk' technologies and a novel warhead system is intended to demonstrate a greater flexibility in weapon systems which could be exploited to reduce development risk, integration risk, qualification costs and increase target defeat capability across the wider more current target set. The use of a suitable communication and navigation system enabling integration of such a weapon system into a networked force was also investigated. This thesis is based on one area of research; Multiple Effects Weapons. Research is being undertaken by several nations on Multiple Effects Weapons. The aim of this research is not to provide a one weapon fits all solution, a panacea, the aim is to widen the utility of one system which could be employed in many roles. As yet no warhead system has achieved the types of effects that are being sought, although research and product development – particularly in the United States of America - continues. Therefore the United Kingdom government has sought to understand what technologies would be required to achieve a truly flexible warhead system which would enable defeat of large Main Battle Tanks, heavily armoured Infantry Fighting Vehicles, Soft Skinned Vehicles, infantry and urban structures. To this end numerical modelling, design and a demonstration programme of a MEW warhead system was performed. MEW systems are not only reliant on 'Smart' warhead systems, the application of sensors, fuzing and communication systems are crucial to enable suitable employment of a 'one size fits most' approach. The other important sub-systems which provide the link to the battlefield network are also discussed in this thesis, the inclusion of these well developed low risk technologies make it is possible to bring such systems into service in the near term with increased system flexibility. The integration of such a system relies on the current United States Department of Defense procurement strategy which includes development of the Joint Tactical Radio System radio system which will allow Ad-Hoc networking between platforms, weapons systems and commanders. Airframe and propulsion technologies are not discussed; they are outside of the scope of this thesis. The use of proprietary data from suppliers other than QinetiQ has been avoided as suitable permissions are not in place, this has limited the systems engineering aspects of this thesis to high level block diagrams which provide guidance on integration issues

Ultrasound tomography using pyroelectric and piezoelectric sensors

Acoustic absorption is one of several quantities which can differentiate healthy breast tissue from cancerous tissue. In order to accurately quantify the acoustic absorption, the sensor system must be able to accurately distinguish acoustic power loss due to absorption from other modes of attenuation. Traditional piezoelectric sensors are susceptible to phase-cancellation artifacts due to their directional signal response, and thus pyroelectric ultrasound sensors, which have a much flatter directional response, have been suggested as an alternate measurement device for improved absorption reconstructions in ultrasound tomography (UST). In this thesis we investigate the use of pyroelectric phase-insensitive sensors in UST — the thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part we present a model for a pyroelectric ultrasound sensor and investigate its directional response and sensitivity properties. The model’s time-series response and directional response are compared to real-world measurements to confirm accuracy. The second part focuses on the inverse problem aspect of ultrasound tomography, where we consider various reconstruction methods and sensor geometries to determine which situations can benefit from phase-insensitive data for acoustic absorption reconstruction. Reconstructions for both phase-insensitive as well as phase-sensitive sensors are analysed, with future work considerations for combined sensor systems

Compact State-Space Models for Complex Superconducting Radio-Frequency Structures Based on Model Order Reduction and Concatenation Methods

The modeling of large chains of superconducting cavities with couplers is a challenging task in computational electrical engeneering. The RF properties of the arising segments are described by state-space equations. Their model order is reduced and the reduced-order models are concatenated in accordance with the topology of the complete structure. The scheme enables the investigation of radio-frequency properties of large structures without the application of supercomputers

Hybridní přístupová síť xPON/xDSL

Import 03/11/2016The aim of this master thesis is to build up experimental hybrid xPON/xDSL, specifically hybrid EPON/ADSL and EPON/VDSL network, together with deployment of the semiconductor optical amplifiers. The first chapter of the theoretical part is focused to describe access networks in consideration of the used transmission medium. The explanation of the transmission channel and transmission techniques applied in DSL technology are discussed in the second chapter. Following chapter compares the main standards of DSL technology. Data transmission and principle of operation is discussed in single chapter aimed to EPON network. Principles of amplification, basic parameters, and properties of the semiconductor optical amplifiers are explained in a separate chapter. Thesis continues with the practical part, where are included the results of all realized measurements. Basic optical measurements (attenuation, dispersion, power level) were performed on the created topologies. The semiconductors optical amplifiers were applied to the EPON network to achieve the gain characteristics of amplifiers and to find out advantages or disadvantages of their use. Then the formed hybrid networks were verified by RFC2544 and ITU-T Y.1564 testing standards to investigate quality of services depending on the fiber and metallic line lengths. Created EPON topology with deployment of the semiconductor optical amplifiers was also designed in OptiSystem software to compare the measured and simulated results.Cieľom tejto dilomovej práce je vybudovať experimentálnu hybridnú sieť xPON/xDSL, konkrétne hybridnú sieť EPON/ADSL a EPON/VDSL spolu s nasadením polovodičových optických zosilňovačov. Prvá kapitola teoreticej časti je zameraná na popis prístupových sietí vzhľadom na typ použitého, prenosového média. V druhej kapitole je vysvetlený prenosový kanál a prenosové techniky používané v technológii DSL. Ďalšia kapitola porovnáva najznámejšie DSL štandardy. V samostanej kapitole zameranej na sieť EPON je vysvetlený dátový prenos a princíp funkčnosti. Princípy zosilnenia, základné parametre a vlastnosti polovodičových optických zosilňovačov sú vysvetlené v samostatnej kapitole. Práca pokračuje praktickou časťou, kde sa nachádzajú výsledky všetkých vykonaných meraní. Na vytvorených topológiach boli vykonané základné merania pre optické siete (útlm, disperzie, výkonové úrovne). Na zistenie zisku zosilňovačov a ich výhody resp. nevýhody, boli zosilňovače nasadené do siete EPON. Hybridné sieťe boli otestované podľa štandardov RFC2544 a ITU-T Y.1564, kvôli zabezpečeniu kvality služieb v závislosti na dĺžky optického vlákna a metalického vedenia. Vytvorená topológia EPON siete spolu s nasadením polovodičových optických zosilňovačov bola navrhnutá v simulačnom software OptiSystem na porovnanie nameraných a odsimulovaných výsledkov.440 - Katedra telekomunikační technikyvýborn

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies for locating warehouse resources: A conceptual framework

Copyright @ 2012 Information Technology SocietyIn the supply chain, a warehouse is a crucial component for linking all chain parties. It is necessary to track the real time resource location and status to support warehouse operations effectively. Therefore, RFID technology has been adopted to facilitate the collection and sharing of data in a warehouse environment. However, an essential decision should be made on the type of RFID tags the warehouse managers should adopt, because it is very important to implement RFID tags that work in warehouse environment. As a result, the warehouse resources will be easily tracked and accurately located which will improve the visibility of warehouse operations, enhance the productivity and reduce the operation costs of the warehouse. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the reading performance of all types of RFID tags in a warehouse environment in order to choose the most appropriate RFID tags which will enhance the operational efficiency of a warehouse. Reading performance of active and passive RFID tags have been evaluated before while, semi-passive RFID tag, which is battery-assisted with greater sensitivity than passive tags and cheaper than active tags, has not been examined yet in a warehouse environment. This research is in- progress research and it seeks to (i) provide a general overview of the existing real-time data management techniques in tracking warehouse resources location, (ii) provide an overall conceptual framework that can help warehouse managers to choose the best RFID technologies for a warehouse environment, (iii) Finally, the paper submits an experiment design for evaluating the reading performance of semi-passive RFID tags in a warehouse environment

Stress corrosion in titanium alloys and other metallic materials

Multiple physical and chemical techniques including mass spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, gas chromatography, electron microscopy, optical microscopy, electronic spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray analysis, conductivity, and isotopic labeling were used in investigating the atomic interactions between organic environments and titanium and titanium oxide surfaces. Key anhydrous environments studied included alcohols, which contain hydrogen; carbon tetrachloride, which does not contain hydrogen; and mixtures of alcohols and halocarbons. Effects of dissolved salts in alcohols were also studied. This program emphasized experiments designed to delineate the conditions necessary rather than sufficient for initiation processes and for propagation processes in Ti SCC