Functional programming and embedded systems.

Embedded computer systems seem to be the antithesis of functional language systems. Embedded systems are small, stand-alone, and are often forced to accept inelegant design compromises due to hardware cost. They run continuously and are reactive, that is, their primary goal is to monitor sensors and control effectors, using observed external events to trigger state-changing control actions. Yet this thesis describes how functional abstraction can tame the inelegance of embedded systems. Architectural compromises can be made in device drivers, programmed within the functional language, but a function-level interface is presented to the application programmer. Four modifications are introduced to a test-bed purely-functional language in order to facilitate embedded-systems programming: I/O register access; communicating processes; interrupts; and a real-time incremental garbage collector. Referential transparency is preserved. The conventional model of communicating processes is augmente..

Ontology based knowledge formulation and an interpretation engine for intelligent devices in pervasive environments

Ongoing device miniaturization makes it possible to manufacture very small devices; therefore more of them can be embedded in one space. Pervasive computing concepts, envisioning computers distributed in a space and hidden from users' sight, presented by Weiser in 1991 are becoming more realistic and feasible to implement.A technology supporting pervasive computing and Ambient Intelligence also needs to follow miniaturization. The Ambient Intelligence domain was mainly focused on supercomputers with large computation power and it is now moving towards smaller devices, with limited computation power, and takes inspiration from distributed systems, ad-hoc networks and emergent computing. The ability to process knowledge, understand network protocols, adapt and learn is becoming a required capability from fairly small and energy-frugal devices. This research project consists of two main parts. The first part of the project has created a context aware generic knowledgebase interpretation engine that enables autonomous devices to pervasively manage smart spaces using Communicating Sequential Processes as the underlying design methodology. In the second part a knowledgebase containing all the information that is needed for a device to cooperate, make decisions and react was designed and constructed. The interpretation engine is designed to be suitable for devices from different vendors, as it enables semantic interoperability based on the use of ontologies. The knowledge, that the engine interprets, is drawn from an ontology and the model of the chosen ontology is fixed in the engine. This project has investigated, designed and built a prototype of the knowledge base interpretation engine. Functional testing was performed using a simulation implemented in JCSP. The implementation simulates many autonomous devices running in parallel, communicating using a broadcast-based protocol, self-organizing into sub-networks and reacting to users' requests. The main goal of the project was to design and investigate the knowledge interpretation engine, determine the number of functions that the engine performs, to enable hardware realisation, and investigate the knowledgebase represented with use of RDF triples and chosen ontology model. This project was undertaken in collaboration with NXP Semiconductor Research Eindhoven, The Netherlands

Ontology based knowledge formulation and an interpretation engine for intelligent devices in pervasive environments

Ongoing device miniaturization makes it possible to manufacture very small devices; therefore more of them can be embedded in one space. Pervasive computing con- cepts, envisioning computers distributed in a space and hidden from users' sight, presented by Weiser in 1991 are becoming more realistic and feasible to implement. A technology supporting pervasive computing and Ambient Intelligence also needs to follow miniaturization. The Ambient Intelligence domain was mainly focused on supercomputers with large computation power and it is now moving towards smaller devices, with limited computation power, and takes inspiration from dis- tributed systems, ad-hoc networks and emergent computing. The ability to process knowledge, understand network protocols, adapt and learn is becoming a required capability from fairly small and energy-frugal devices. This research project con- sists of two main parts. The first part of the project has created a context aware generic knowledgebase interpretation engine that enables autonomous devices to pervasively manage smart spaces using Communicating Sequential Processes as the underlying design methodology. In the second part a knowledgebase containing all the information that is needed for a device to cooperate, make decisions and react was designed and constructed. The interpretation engine is designed to be suitable for devices from different vendors, as it enables semantic interoperability based on the use of ontologies. The knowledge, that the engine interprets, is drawn from an ontology and the model of the chosen ontology is fixed in the engine. This project has investigated, designed and built a prototype of the knowledge base interpretation engine. Functional testing was performed using a simulation implemented in JCSP. The implementation simulates many autonomous devices running in parallel, communicating using a broadcast-based protocol, self-organizing into sub-networks and reacting to users' requests. The main goal of the project was to design and investigate the knowledge interpretation engine, determine the number of functions that the engine performs, to enable hardware realisation, and investigate the knowledgebase represented with use of RDF triples and chosen ontology model. This project was undertaken in collaboration with NXP Semiconductor Research Eindhoven, The Netherlands.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Cyber Ethics 4.0 : Serving Humanity with Values

Cyber space influences all sectors of life and society: Artificial Intelligence, Robots, Blockchain, Self-Driving Cars and Autonomous Weapons, Cyberbullying, telemedicine and cyber health, new methods in food production, destruction and conservation of the environment, Big Data as a new religion, the role of education and citizens’ rights, the need for legal regulations and international conventions. The 25 articles in this book cover the wide range of hot topics. Authors from many countries and positions of international (UN) organisations look for solutions from an ethical perspective. Cyber Ethics aims to provide orientation on what is right and wrong, good and bad, related to the cyber space. The authors apply and modify fundamental values and virtues to specific, new challenges arising from cyber technology and cyber society. The book serves as reading material for teachers, students, policy makers, politicians, businesses, hospitals, NGOs and religious organisations alike. It is an invitation for dialogue, debate and solution