Modelling and Control Structure of a Phosphorite Sinter Process with Grey System Theory

International audienceThe sintering process of phosphorite ore occurs with a large amount of return caused by untimely process control. The control task of the phosphorite ore sintering is to regulate parameters of the process to obtain a high-quality sinter. The parameter clearly responsible for the sinter quality is the temperature in the wind box (also called burn through point (BTP)). Therefore, in order to solve the real-time control task, it is necessary to predict the BTP. In this paper, the grey system theory is used as a predictive approach, which makes it possible to obtain an adequate model that has the character of a "generalized energy system" and uses a small initial sample. Based on the grey model GMC(1,n), which is constructed in real-time by using real data at the beginning of the process, the temperature is well predicted at the end of the sintering process. When the temperature does not match the set value or to find out an optimal regulation, a control synthesis is carried out through an optimization of the prediction according to the "particle swarm" algorithm

Computer applications in steel industry

An overview of the current status of computer applicat-ions in the steel industry has been presented from the point of view of process automation and control. Specific areas covered range from sintering to rolling - including energy and transport management. It has been concluded that development of more intelligent man-machine interface for computer aided analysis, simulation and implementation of control system coupled with advances in software engi-neering, parallel processing, high performance graphics and artificial intelligence based systems have led to cons-iderable advancement in all areas as evidenced by signi-ficant improvement in both the plant productivity and pro-duct quality, the world over. Efforts being made in India in general and at R&D Centre of SAIL in particular have been highlighted. In this context, generation of our own technology and a rational and intelligent selection and adoption of various technical advances has been emphasised

Minimising Particulate Emissions From Sintering Operations

With the drive for manufacturing and foundation industries to move towards a circular economy, the steel industry is making step changes to its processes that aim to produce greener and cleaner products. The current work is focused on sintering, which can account for almost half of all particulate matter (PM) emissions produced during integrated steelmaking. Historic sintering data has been explored to understand the formation of particulate matter and has informed experimental trials, simulating the sintering process. It has shown that it is feasible to reduce PM emissions without incurring significant capital expenditures for a new end-of-line abatement. Prioritising trials was supported by an understanding of the main key levers from the historical data analysis of the sinter plant and a pilot-scale sinter rig that had been modified to capture PM emissions was commissioned and validated. To promote a more circular economy within the steel industry, experimental work showed that the use of new micropellets made from recycled materials would enhance sintering performance and reduce PM emissions. It was determined that the amount of chloride content emitted from PM emissions increased in the waste gas stream as well as decreasing the electrostatic precipitator (ESP) abatement efficiency and this influence can be reduced by washing recycled materials to remove undesirable volatile elements before sintering. It was also established that by manipulating the ratio of nuclei, adhering, and non-adhering particles in the sinter blend by controlling the size fractions, along with partially replacing raw materials, the particle size distribution can be optimised to reduce PM emissions

Book of abstracts of the 14th International Symposium of Croatian Metallurgical Society - SHMD \u272020, Materials and metallurgy

Book of abstracts of the 14th International Symposium of Croatian Metallurgical Society - SHMD \u272020, Materials and metallurgy held in Šibenik, Croatia, June 21-26, 2020. Abstracts are organized in four sections: Materials - section A; Process metallurgy - Section B; Plastic processing - Section C and Metallurgy and related topics - Section D

Book of abstracts of the 15th International Symposium of Croatian Metallurgical Society - SHMD \u272022, Materials and metallurgy

Book of abstracts of the 15th International Symposium of Croatian Metallurgical Society - SHMD \u272022, Materials and metallurgy, Zagreb, Croatia, March 22-23, 2022. Abstracts are organized in four sections: Materials - section A; Process metallurgy - Section B; Plastic processing - Section C and Metallurgy and related topics - Section D

Book of abstracts of the 15th International Symposium of Croatian Metallurgical Society - SHMD \u272022, Materials and metallurgy

Book of abstracts of the 15th International Symposium of Croatian Metallurgical Society - SHMD \u272022, Materials and metallurgy, Zagreb, Croatia, March 22-23, 2022. Abstracts are organized in four sections: Materials - section A; Process metallurgy - Section B; Plastic processing - Section C and Metallurgy and related topics - Section D

Nonterrestrial utilization of materials: Automated space manufacturing facility

Four areas related to the nonterrestrial use of materials are included: (1) material resources needed for feedstock in an orbital manufacturing facility, (2) required initial components of a nonterrestrial manufacturing facility, (3) growth and productive capability of such a facility, and (4) automation and robotics requirements of the facility

Challenges and Prospects of Steelmaking Towards the Year 2050

The world steel industry is strongly based on coal/coke in ironmaking, resulting in huge carbon dioxide emissions corresponding to approximately 7% of the total anthropogenic CO2 emissions. As the world is experiencing a period of imminent threat owing to climate change, the steel industry is also facing a tremendous challenge in next decades. This themed issue makes a survey on the current situation of steel production, energy consumption, and CO2 emissions, as well as cross-sections of the potential methods to decrease CO2 emissions in current processes via improved energy and materials efficiency, increasing recycling, utilizing alternative energy sources, and adopting CO2 capture and storage. The current state, problems and plans in the two biggest steel producing countries, China and India are introduced. Generally contemplating, incremental improvements in current processes play a key role in rapid mitigation of specific emissions, but finally they are insufficient when striving for carbon neutral production in the long run. Then hydrogen and electrification are the apparent solutions also to iron and steel production. The book gives a holistic overview of the current situation and challenges, and an inclusive compilation of the potential technologies and solutions for the global CO2 emissions problem