A decision support system for fostering smart energy efficient districts

The role of ICT is becoming prominent in tackling some of the urban societal challenges such as energy wastage and increasing carbon emissions. In this context, the concept of DAREED aims to deliver an integrated decision support system (DSS) to drive energy efficiency and low carbon activities at both a building and district level. The main aim of this paper is to present the technical concept of the Best Practices recommendation component of the DAREED system. This component seeks to compare and identify existing best practices to recommend practical actions to various stakeholders (e.g. building managers, citizens) in order to improve energy performance considering the global needs of a building. This paper also discusses the context of the three field trial sites (based in UK, Spain and Italy) in which the DAREED platform along with the best practices tool is to be tested and validated.This work evolved in the context of the project DAREED (Decision support Advisor for innovative business models and useR engagement for smart Energy Efficient Districts), www.dareed.eu, a project cofunded by the EC within FP7, Grant agreement no: 609082

日中地域別における分散型エネルギーシステムの総合評価に関する研究

本研究では日中建築分野の省エネルギーを促進するため、地域ごと、建物種別ごとに分散型エネルギーシステム導入の最適化モデルと総合評価方法を提案し、日中における気候別都市を対象とし、分散型エネルギーシステムの導入により、建物エネルギー消費の特徴を分析したものである。北九州市立大

Integration of GIS and DSS: a methodology to evaluate low carbon strategies in a smart urban metabolism context

An Urban Metabolism system can be examined by evaluating the incoming and outgoing energy flows of a city. Academics and researchers have utilized Urban Metabolism framework to analyze different urban areas and have begun to extend the framework beyond the city-region unit of analysis to inform related aspects of the Urban Metabolism: in this context UM framework is a tool that can be useful in the decision making process. This study aims to be an opportunity and an example of environmental analysis of UM, from the point of view of CO2eq emissions and absorptions. A multi-objective Decision Support System is developed with the aim of minimizing the environmental, social and economic impacts of the CO2eq emissions at the municipal level. The Decision Support System has been implemented and a few scenario analyses were developed: enhancement of energy efficiency of residential and industrial buildings, increase of green areas, production of electricity by means of photovoltaic installation on site, efficiency of the vehicle fleet and finally, proper recycling of waste. The municipality of Tavagnacco recognizes this approach as a new perspective of analysis for a future comparison project with other municipalities. From this comparison it is expected to get results that can accredit the most convenient method from the environmental, social and economic point of view, and can offer the basis for the improvement of energy efficiency. Results of this work can provide evidence in support of an increased awareness in issues related to the CO2eq reduction.Il metabolismo di un sistema urbano pu`o essere esaminato cercando di sviluppare e comprendere i flussi energetici in ingresso e in uscita dalla citt`a. Accademici e ricercatori hanno utilizzato questo approccio al fine di valutare diverse aree urbane e hanno recentemente esteso il quadro di indagine al di l`a dell\u2019unit`a di citt`a-regione al fine di utilizzare questo strumento nell\u2019ambito del processo decisionale di pianificazione del territorio. Questo percorso vuole definire una possibile metodologia e un esempio di approccio spaziale ad un\u2019analisi di bilancio comunale di CO2eq. E\u2019 stato sviluppato un Sistema di Supporto alle Decisioni multiobiettivo, con il fine di minimizzare l\u2019impatto ambientale oltre a quello sociale e quello economico delle emissioni di CO2eq su scala comunale. Il Sistema di Supporto alle Decisioni ha previsto l\u2019implementazione di alcuni scenari di analisi quali l\u2019incentivazione dell\u2019efficientamento energetico degli edi- fici residenziali ma anche industriali, l\u2019aumento delle aree a verde, la produzione di energia elettrica in loco mediante impianto fotovoltaico, l\u2019efficientamento del parco veicolare e infine una valida raccolta differenziata. Il comune di Tavagnacco conosce le sfide future in merito ai problemi ambientali e si impegna in un progetto pilota di valutazione delle emissioni di CO2eq. In un prossimo futuro si delinea un lavoro di confronto tra comuni che utilizzano metodi di abbattimento delle emissioni. Da questo confronto ci si aspetta di ottenere risultati che possano accreditare il metodo pi`u conveniente dal punto di vista ambientale, economico e sociale, e quindi offrire delle basi per una valutazione sull\u2019opportunit`a di miglioramento ed efficientamento energetico a livello comunale e sovracomunale. Si auspica che i risultati di questo lavoro possano offrire elementi convincenti a supporto di un atteggiamento sempre pi`u attento alle problematiche legate alla riduzione delle emissioni di CO2eq

Second law of thermodynamics and urban green infrastructure – A knowledge synthesis to address spatial planning strategies

Planning strategies driven by the second law of thermodynamics (SLT) are innovative approaches to sustainability but they are still in seminal phase. In this article, a coupled review of SLT within spatial planning is accomplished looking at the main applications in urban green infrastructure (UGI) planning. In particular, a systemic review of UGI planning and thermodynamics has been carried out to identify all the occurrences to date in the scientific literature. Secondly, a scoping review of SLT-related concepts of exergy, entropy and urban metabolism is presented in order to investigate the main applications of, and gaps in, urban spatial planning. Results indicate that UGI and ecosystem service planning based on SLT is a relatively new field of research. Moreover, some general indications are derived for the development of spatial UGI planning strategies based on SLT. The work then aims to contribute to the improvement and/or development of even more solid planning strategies supporting a SLTconscious green transition of cities

Green Technologies for Production Processes

This book focuses on original research works about Green Technologies for Production Processes, including discrete production processes and process production processes, from various aspects that tackle product, process, and system issues in production. The aim is to report the state-of-the-art on relevant research topics and highlight the barriers, challenges, and opportunities we are facing. This book includes 22 research papers and involves energy-saving and waste reduction in production processes, design and manufacturing of green products, low carbon manufacturing and remanufacturing, management and policy for sustainable production, technologies of mitigating CO2 emissions, and other green technologies

Sustainable Smart Cities and Smart Villages Research

ca. 200 words; this text will present the book in all promotional forms (e.g. flyers). Please describe the book in straightforward and consumer-friendly terms. [There is ever more research on smart cities and new interdisciplinary approaches proposed on the study of smart cities. At the same time, problems pertinent to communities inhabiting rural areas are being addressed, as part of discussions in contigious fields of research, be it environmental studies, sociology, or agriculture. Even if rural areas and countryside communities have previously been a subject of concern for robust policy frameworks, such as the European Union’s Cohesion Policy and Common Agricultural Policy Arguably, the concept of ‘the village’ has been largely absent in the debate. As a result, when advances in sophisticated information and communication technology (ICT) led to the emergence of a rich body of research on smart cities, the application and usability of ICT in the context of a village has remained underdiscussed in the literature. Against this backdrop, this volume delivers on four objectives. It delineates the conceptual boundaries of the concept of ‘smart village’. It highlights in which ways ‘smart village’ is distinct from ‘smart city’. It examines in which ways smart cities research can enrich smart villages research. It sheds light on the smart village research agenda as it unfolds in European and global contexts.

From linear to circular integrated waste management systems: A review of methodological approaches

The continuous depletion of natural resources related to our lifestyle cannot be sustained indefinitely. Two major lines of action can be taken to overcome this challenge: the application of waste prevention policies and the shift from the classical linear Integrated Waste Management Systems (IWMSs) that focus solely on the treatment of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) to circular IWMSs (CIWMSs) that combine waste and materials management, incentivizing the circularity of resources. The system analysis tools applied to design and assess the performance of linear IWMSs were reviewed in order to identify the weak spots of these methodologies, the difficulties of applying them to CIWMSs, and the topics that could benefit from further research and standardization. The findings of the literature review provided the basis to develop a methodological framework for the analysis of CIWMSs that relies on the expansion of the typical IWMS boundaries to include the upstream subsystems that reflect the transformation of resources and its interconnections with the waste management subsystems

A Balance between Ideals and Reality — Establishing and Evaluating a Resilient City Indicator System for Central Chinese Cities

Recent years have seen a gradual shift in focus of international policies from a national and regional perspective to that of cities, a shift which is closely related to the rapid urbanization of developing countries. As revealed in the 2011 Revision of the World Urbanization Prospects published by the United Nations, 51% of the global population (approximately 3.6 billion people) lives in cities. The report predicts that by 2050, the world’s urban population will increase by 2.3 billion, making up 68% of the population. The growth of urbanization in the next few decades is expected to primarily come from developing countries, one third of which will be in China and India. With rapid urbanization and the ongoing growth of mega cities, cities must become increasingly resilient and intelligent to cope with numerous challenges and crises like droughts and floods arising from extreme climate, destruction brought by severe natural disasters, and aggregated social contradictions resulting from economic crises. All cities face the urban development dynamics and uncertainties arising from these problems. Under such circumstances, cities are considered the critical path from crisis to prosperity, so scholars and organizations have proposed the construction of “resilient cities.” On the one hand, this theory emphasizes cities’ defenses and buffering capacity against disasters, crises and uncertainties, as well as recovery after destruction; on the other hand, it highlights the learning capacity of urban systems, identification of opportunities amid challenges, and maintenance of development vitality. Some scholars even believe that urban resilience is a powerful supplement to sustainable development. Hence, resilience assessment has become the latest and most important perspective for evaluating the development and crisis defense capacity of cities. Rather than a general abstract concept, urban resilience is a comprehensive measurement of a city’s level of development. The dynamic development of problems is reflected through quantitative indicators and appraisal systems not only from the perspective of academic research, but also governmental policy, so as to scientifically guide development, and measure and compare cities’ development levels. Although international scholars have proposed quantitative methods for urban resilience assessment, they are however insufficiently systematic and regionally adaptive for China’s current urban development needs. On the basis of comparative study on European and North American resilient city theories, therefore, this paper puts forwards a theoretical framework for resilient city systems consistent with China’s national conditions in light of economic development pressure, natural resource depletion, pollution, and other salient development crises in China. The key factors influencing urban resilience are taken into full consideration; expert appraisal is conducted based on the Delphi Method and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to design an extensible and updatable resilient city evaluation system which is sufficiently systematic, geographically adaptable, and sustainable for China’s current urban development needs. Finally, Changsha is taken as the main case for empirical study on comprehensive evaluation of similar cities in Central China to improve the indicator system