Single Photon Manipulation

This short book aims to present basic information about single photons in a quick read but with not many details. For this purpose, it only introduces the basic concept of single photons, the most important method of generating single photons in experiments, and a specific emerging field

Spatial Control of Photoemitted Electron Beams using a Micro-Lens-Array Transverse-Shaping Technique

A common issue encountered in photoemission electron sources used in electron accelerators is the transverse inhomogeneity of the laser distribution resulting from the laser-amplification process and often use of frequency up conversion in nonlinear crystals. A inhomogeneous laser distribution on the photocathode produces charged beams with lower beam quality. In this paper, we explore the possible use of microlens arrays (fly-eye light condensers) to dramatically improve the transverse uniformity of the drive laser pulse on UV photocathodes. We also demonstrate the use of such microlens arrays to generate transversely-modulated electron beams and present a possible application to diagnose the properties of a magnetized beam.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1609.0166

Development and characterization of metallo-dielectric hybrid nanomaterials

The rational combination of dielectric and metallic nano particles brings novel optical properties to conventional subwavelength structures. This thesis introduces the optoplasmonic geometries demonstrating versatile ability in both far and near field modification within nano scale. Template-assisted self-assembly approaches are applied creating nano entities with titanium dioxide and gold nano spheres. A top-bottom mono hybrid unit and interdigitated array are developed. With the examination of the elastic and inelastic response of these hybrid materials, physical models are simulated to depict the scenario of varied geometry and combination of nano particles. In contrast to solely metal or dielectric particle arrays, this type of artificial material not only enhances the near electric field intensity within the metal nano cluster hot spots, but also expands the overall volume of enhanced electric field. Further study reveals that the additional enhancement and redistribution of near field are derived from the coupling between the nano gold cluster plasmon resonance and the in-plane diffractive mode of the dielectric array. The redirected emission profile of the fluorescent dyes within the hybrid array is explored

Surface wave manipulation with polar dielectric thin films and topological photonic system

Different from the well-studied wave propagation in the bulk where a plane wave extending to infinite is often conceived, the surface wave exists in the boundary defined by domains of distinct medium is well-confined with exponentially decaying tails away from this interface. This tightly-localized nature grants us enormous capability to manipulate the wave transport by tailoring the property of the interfaces and further enables various functionality for practical application. In this dissertation, a charged particle accelerator based on the surface phonon polaritons on the polar dielectric (silicon carbide) thin film is demonstrated to withstand high energy laser power and holds the promise of ultra-high accelerating gradiant in future experimental realization. The framework of wave propagation is then expanded beyond the homogenized medium to crystals with discrete periodicity which is referred as photonic crystals. The Bloch wave construct predicts that the topological insulator, a novel phenomenon in solid state physics, can be emulated by exquisite design of photonic system. Consequently, the surface waves (or edge states) between two topologically distinct photonic crystals exhibit robust and defect-immune wave transport which facilitates wide variety of applications. In particular, the RF delay line, polarized wave sorting, and two-beam accelerator based on the photonic topological insulator are investigated.Physic