Psychometric properties of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Abbreviated version in Portuguese-speaking adults from three different countries

To evaluate the validity, reliability and invariance of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Abbreviated version (WHOQOL-Bref) in Portuguese-speaking adults from three different countries.Objetivo: Avaliar a validade, a confiabilidade e a invariância do World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument-Abbreviated version (WHOQOL-Bref) em adultos de três diferentes países de língua portuguesa. Métodos: Um total de 4.020 indivíduos brasileiros, portugueses e moçambicanos participaram do estudo. A amostra total foi dividida em quatro amostras: pacientes brasileiros (n = 1.120), estudantes brasileiros (n = 1.398), estudantes portugueses (n = 1.165) e estudantes moçambicanos (n = 337). A validade fatorial do WHOQOL-Bref foi avaliada por meio de análise fatorial confirmatória. As validades convergente e discriminante do instrumento foram avaliadas utilizando a variância média extraída (VEM) e o quadrado do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson (r2), respectivamente. A confiabilidade composta e o coeficiente alfa ordinal foram utilizados como medidas de confiabilidade. As invariâncias métrica, escalar e estrita do WHOQOL-Bref foram avaliadas por análise multi-grupos em subamostras independentes (dentro de cada amostra) e somente entre Brasil e Portugal (transnacional), porque o modelo configuracional de Moçambique era diferente. Resultados: O modelo original do WHOQOL-Bref não apresentou bom ajustamento para as amostras. Diferentes itens foram excluídos para ajustar o instrumento em cada amostra (modelos diferentes para o WHOQOL-Bref entre amostras brasileiras, portuguesas e moçambicanas). A VEM e o r2 não foram adequados; entretanto, a confiabilidade do WHOQOL-Bref foi boa, exceto na amostra moçambicana. A invariância foi encontrada apenas em subamostras independentes. Conclusão: Os modelos ajustados do WHOQOL-Bref apresentaram adequada validade fatorial e invariância em subamostras independentes. A não invariância transnacional do WHOQOL-Bref revela a influência da cultura na operacionalização do construto qualidade de vida.FAPESP; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Quality of life in patients with diabetic foot ulcers

Aim: To ascertain quality of life in patients with ulcer affected diabetic foot (UADF), and to establish whether there was a relationship between respondents' gender, age, duration and type of treatment for DM, duration of treatment for and etiology of wound, intensity of pain, degree of UADF, method of off-loading pressure on the foot, and quality of life. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 167 patients with UADF. The data were acquired using the SF-36 and Wound-QoL questionnaires. Exploratory Regression analysis was used during the study as a descriptive technique. The model was realized using the ENTER method. Results: Of the patients who participated in this study, 68% were men and 32% women, their average age was 65 years, and the length of DM treatment was 19 years, with variations in DM treatment, UADF intensity, etiology, and size and degree of UADF, according to Wagner classification. Based on the values of beta coefficients, we can state that according to the SF-36, the main negative predictors of quality of life are: 1) DM treatment; 2) pain intensity; 3) age; 4) wound etiology; and 5) use of wheelchair. Whereas, according to the Wound-QoL, the main negative predictors of quality of life are: 1) DM treatment; 2) pain intensity; 3) size of the wound; 4) age; and 5) use of crutches. Conclusion: Although the results of the two models are similar in certain respects, there are also differences, explained by the fact that two different conceptions of measuring quality of life, with different scoring systems, were involved. Use of the Wound-QoL questionnaire proved particularly effective. © 2020 Central European Journal of Nursing and Midwifer

Animal-Assisted Therapy and Quality of Life in Patients with Dementia

The aim of this quantitative study was to examine the effects animal-assisted therapy (AAT) had on people diagnosed with dementia living in a nursing home. The study aimed to examine the effects AAT had on depression, blood pressure, social interaction, and how these factors impact quality of life (QOL). The study was conducted once a week for one hour on Thursdays for 6 weeks. 7 participants were included in the study and further broken down into two groups based upon their level of cognition as measured by the Mini-Mental Status Examination. Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life- BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) were administered pre and post AAT sessions to measure depression and QOL. Additionally, blood pressure recordings were taken pre and post AAT sessions. The results from the BDI and WHOQOL-BREF did not produce statistically significant data which could be attributed to the small sample size and short duration of the study. On the other hand, blood pressure recordings did produce significant data meaning AAT did have an impact on blood pressure. Additionally, clinical observations were recorded throughout the study of the participant\u27s behaviors when interacting with the therapy dog. This study showed AAT had a positive impact on blood pressure and behaviors as witnessed by blood pressure recordings and clinical observations. Further studies should be conducted to determine how AAT impacts depression and QOL using alternative assessments that do not include self-reports such as physiological assessments

A Mixed-Methods Exploration of Quality of Life in Forensic Inpatients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders on the Social Learning Program

This mixed-methods study explored the quality of life and lived experiences of adult individuals with diagnoses of schizophrenia spectrum disorders residing and receiving treatment on the Social Learning Program (SLP) at Fulton State Hospital, a high-security state forensic facility. Eleven participants completed the WHOQOL-BREF quantitative quality-of-life measure. Ten participants completed in-depth, semi-structured, qualitative interviews. Interviews were transcribed then analysed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. The major themes that emerged included “Working the Program,” “Relationship Dynamics with Self and Others,” “Meaning,” “I’ve Been Having Breakthroughs,” and “Areas for Improvement in the Program.” Combined, the findings of the present investigation demonstrate the utility of the SLP and highlight the importance of studying the lived experience and quality of life of individuals with diagnoses of schizophrenia spectrum disorders residing in forensic facilities

Psychometric properties of the WHOQOL-BREF(PT) in a sample of elderly citizens

The goal of this article was to research the psychometric properties of the WHOQOL-BREF(PT ) instru-ment in a sample of elderly citizens residing in a rural area in their own homes or at family members’ or friends’ homes and to compare the results: (i) to those reported by the team of Portuguese researchers that undertaken the instru-ment’s translation/validation to the Portuguese language and (ii) to those reported internationally by the World Health Organization Quality of Life group. An overall quality of life scoring (QOL24—all facets) is also proposed in this article as novelty. The correlation level between QOL24 and the instrument’s general facet was also investigated

Cross-cultural validity of four quality of life scales in persons with spinal cord injury

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Quality of life (QoL) in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) has been found to differ across countries. However, comparability of measurement results between countries depends on the cross-cultural validity of the applied instruments. The study examined the metric quality and cross-cultural validity of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (LISAT-9), the Personal Well-Being Index (PWI) and the 5-item World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQoL-5) across six countries in a sample of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A cross-sectional multi-centre study was conducted and the data of 243 out-patients with SCI from study centers in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Israel, South Africa, and the United States were analyzed using Rasch-based methods.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The analyses showed high reliability for all 4 instruments (person reliability index .78-.92). Unidimensionality of measurement was supported for the WHOQoL-5 (Chi²= 16.43, df = 10, p = .088), partially supported for the PWI (Chi²= 15.62, df = 16, p = .480), but rejected for the LISAT-9 (Chi²= 50.60, df = 18, p = .000) and the SWLS (Chi²= 78.54, df = 10, p = .000) based on overall and item-wise Chi²tests, principal components analyses and independent t-tests. The response scales showed the expected ordering for the WHOQoL-5 and the PWI, but not for the other two instruments. Using differential item functioning (DIF) analyses potential cross-country bias was found in two items of the SWLS and the WHOQoL-5, three items of the LISAT-9 and four items of the PWI. However, applying Rasch-based statistical methods, especially subtest analyses, it was possible to identify optimal strategies to enhance the metric properties and the cross-country equivalence of the instruments post-hoc. Following the post-hoc procedures the WHOQOL-5 and the PWI worked in a consistent and expected way in all countries.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>QoL assessment using the summary scores of the WHOQOL-5 and the PWI appeared cross-culturally valid in persons with SCI. In contrast, summary scores of the LISAT-9 and the SWLS have to be interpreted with caution. The findings of the current study can be especially helpful to select instruments for international research projects in SCI.</p

Impact of Exergames on the Mental Health of Older Adults: A Systematic Review and GRADE Evidence Synthesis

Exergames, which combine digital games and physical exercise, have become a popular alternative to traditional exercise programs and are increasingly used in the health domains. This study aimed to provide a systematic review to synthesize existing studies on the use of exergames for the mental wellbeing of healthy older adults, aggregating the collected data to identify effect size. We performed a Systematic Review and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Assessment (GRADE) evidence synthesis. We performed the search in the following databases: MEDLINE®, CINAHL®, SPORTDiscus, SCOPUS, SciELO, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and Cochrane® Central Register of Controlled Trials from the first record until October 2021. Randomized controlled trials using exergames as an intervention were included. A total of 10 articles published between 2009 and 2021 were selected. Most studies used the Nintendo Wii® as the exergame in the intervention program. Interventions ranged from 6 to 12 weeks, with 8-week programs being most frequent. It was possible to observe a positive effect on mood, the reduction of apathy, anxiety and depression, self-esteem, and affection.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on quality of life in patients with orthopedic problems

Background: Bone and joint diseases have an effect on the clinical situation, high-quality of existence (QOL), and its dimensions of incapacity, causing supercharges for distinctive countries. This examine become aimed to assess the impact of acceptance and commitment therapy on QOL in orthopedic sufferers. Methods: This reading became a quasi-experimental performed as a parallel layout with pre-test and post-test. Patients stated the Promised Physiotherapy center in Mashhad decided on and had been randomly assigned to experimental (n = 12) and manipulate agencies (n = 12). The experimental organization acquired 8 weekly classes for three months, at the same time as the management organization did not receive any intervention. Statistics had been acquired by a standard QOL questionnaire and then records examine turned into finished the use of SPSS software version 25 and multivariate evaluation of covariance. Results: The average age inside the investigational agencies changed into 31.75 ± 4.71 years within the manage companies became 29.83 ± 5.27 years. Also, the common disorder timespan of the experimental organizations and manipulated businesses have been 5.64 ± 5.28 and 5.62 ± 5.81, correspondingly. The common post-test ratings of the experimental companies compared to the pre-test showed growth in subscales of QOL, however, the control agencies did no longer show such an alteration inside the post-test averages. (P-value = 0.0001) Conclusion: the use of acceptance and commitment remedy as an effective and complementary psychological intervention in enhancing the QOL in orthopedic sufferers is usually recommended

A structural equation model of self-regulation and healthy habits as an individual protective tool in the context of epidemics evidence from COVID-19

The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation.Objective: The present study aims to explore the mediation role of self-regulation on health-related behaviors adoption or maintenance, mental health, and well-being during the COVID-19 confinement in a sample of adults in Portugal. Design: One-hundred fifty individuals (118 females, 32 males; Mage = 33.57 year; SD = 12.71) filled an online survey to assess self-regulation, healthy behaviors, mental health, and well-being perception, during the early months of the pandemic (June–August, 2020). Main Outcome Measures: Self-regulation capacity, adoption or maintenance of healthy habits, mental health, including stress management, and the perception of one’s well-being were evaluated using a structural equation model (SEM). Results: Self-regulation had direct effects on healthy habits and mental health and indirect effects on well-being and mental health mediated by healthy habits. In specific, a positive direct effect on healthy habits (β = 0.497, p < 0.001) and a negative direct effect on mental health (β = −0.428, p < 0.001); and a positive indirect effect on well-being perception, mediated by healthy behaviors and mental health (β = 0.253, p = 0.003), and a negative indirect effect on mental health, mediated by healthy habits (β = −0.208, p = 0.003). Additionally, healthy habits exerted direct effects on well-being perception and mental health. A positive direct effect on well-being perception (β = 0.254, p = 0.012), and a negative direct effect on mental health (β = −0.418, p < 0.001) were further observed. No direct effect of mental health was observed in well-being perception (β = −0.199, p = 0.068). Finally, a negative correlation was observed between self-regulation and weeks of confinement (r = −0.208, p = 0.021). Conclusion: Self-regulation seems to be a good indicator of adopting a healthy lifestyle and better mental health and well-being in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Future preventive actions and interventions to build long-term global preparedness for future health emergencies, such as COVID-19, should explore the importance of self-regulation as an important individual and collective protective factor.This study was conducted at the Psychology Research Center (PSI/01662), School of Psychology, University of Minho, and supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through the Portuguese State Budget (UIDB/PSI/01662/2020). This study was also supported by the project 2018-1-PT01-KA201-047417, funded by the ERASMUS+ Education and Training National Agency. SS was supported by the project PTDC/PSI-ESP/28228/2017, funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). AS-F was supported by FCT and the Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education, through the national funds, within the scope of the Transitory Disposition of the Decree No. 57/2016, 29th of August, amended by Law No. 57/2017 of 19 July. MF was supported by the UMINHO/BIM-CNCG/2021/29 Research Fellowship funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT). SC acknowledges the Psychology for Positive Development Research Center (PSI/04375), Lusíada University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, supported by national funds through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., and the Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education (UID/PSI/04375/2019)