6,426 research outputs found
A Testability Analysis Framework for Non-Functional Properties
This paper presents background, the basic steps and an example for a
testability analysis framework for non-functional properties
Significant Subgraph Mining with Multiple Testing Correction
The problem of finding itemsets that are statistically significantly enriched
in a class of transactions is complicated by the need to correct for multiple
hypothesis testing. Pruning untestable hypotheses was recently proposed as a
strategy for this task of significant itemset mining. It was shown to lead to
greater statistical power, the discovery of more truly significant itemsets,
than the standard Bonferroni correction on real-world datasets. An open
question, however, is whether this strategy of excluding untestable hypotheses
also leads to greater statistical power in subgraph mining, in which the number
of hypotheses is much larger than in itemset mining. Here we answer this
question by an empirical investigation on eight popular graph benchmark
datasets. We propose a new efficient search strategy, which always returns the
same solution as the state-of-the-art approach and is approximately two orders
of magnitude faster. Moreover, we exploit the dependence between subgraphs by
considering the effective number of tests and thereby further increase the
statistical power.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure, accepted to the 2015 SIAM International
Conference on Data Mining (SDM15
Empirical Evidence of Large-Scale Diversity in API Usage of Object-Oriented Software
In this paper, we study how object-oriented classes are used across thousands
of software packages. We concentrate on "usage diversity'", defined as the
different statically observable combinations of methods called on the same
object. We present empirical evidence that there is a significant usage
diversity for many classes. For instance, we observe in our dataset that Java's
String is used in 2460 manners. We discuss the reasons of this observed
diversity and the consequences on software engineering knowledge and research
Developing theoretical rigour in inter professional education
In this chapter, the author explores the meaning of theory and the role it plays in the development of interprofessional education. The chapter explores specifically the utility of the theory of social capital in the field and uses this as a case theory to present the dimensions of theoretical quality that is proposed as essential to the advancement of research, evaluation and curriculum development in this arena
On the Notion of Proposition in Classical and Quantum Mechanics
The term proposition usually denotes in quantum mechanics (QM) an element of
(standard) quantum logic (QL). Within the orthodox interpretation of QM the
propositions of QL cannot be associated with sentences of a language stating
properties of individual samples of a physical system, since properties are
nonobjective in QM. This makes the interpretation of propositions
problematical. The difficulty can be removed by adopting the objective
interpretation of QM proposed by one of the authors (semantic realism, or SR,
interpretation). In this case, a unified perspective can be adopted for QM and
classical mechanics (CM), and a simple first order predicate calculus L(x) with
Tarskian semantics can be constructed such that one can associate a physical
proposition (i.e., a set of physical states) with every sentence of L(x). The
set of all physical propositions is partially ordered and contains a
subset of testable physical propositions whose order structure
depends on the criteria of testability established by the physical theory. In
particular, turns out to be a Boolean lattice in CM, while it can
be identified with QL in QM. Hence the propositions of QL can be associated
with sentences of L(x), or also with the sentences of a suitable quantum
language , and the structure of QL characterizes the notion of
testability in QM. One can then show that the notion of quantum truth does not
conflict with the classical notion of truth within this perspective.
Furthermore, the interpretation of QL propounded here proves to be equivalent
to a previous pragmatic interpretation worked out by one of the authors, and
can be embodied within a more general perspective which considers states as
first order predicates of a broader language with a Kripkean semantics.Comment: 22 pages. To appear in "The Foundations of Quantum Mechanics:
Historical Analysis and Open Questions-Cesena 2004", C. Garola, A. Rossi and
S. Sozzo Eds., World Scientific, Singapore, 200
The effectiveness of refactoring, based on a compatibility testing taxonomy and a dependency graph
In this paper, we describe and then appraise a testing taxonomy proposed by van Deursen and Moonen (VD&M) based on the post-refactoring repeatability of tests. Four categories of refactoring are identified by VD&M ranging from semantic-preserving to incompatible, where, for the former, no new tests are required and for the latter, a completely new test set has to be developed. In our appraisal of the taxonomy, we heavily stress the need for the inter-dependence of the refactoring categories to be considered when making refactoring decisions and we base that need on a refactoring dependency graph developed as part of the research. We demonstrate that while incompatible refactorings may be harmful and time-consuming from a testing perspective, semantic-preserving refactorings can have equally unpleasant hidden ramifications despite their advantages. In fact, refactorings which fall into neither category have the most interesting properties. We support our results with empirical refactoring data drawn from seven Java open-source systems (OSS) and from the same analysis form a tentative categorization of code smells
Why Scientific Knowledge Is Still the Best
In his latest attack, even though he claims to be a practitioner of âclose readingâ (Wills 2018b, 34), it appears that Wills still has not bothered to read the paper in which I defend the thesis he seeks to attack (Mizrahi 2017a), or any of the papers in my exchange with Brown (Mizrahi 2017b; 2018a), as evidenced by the fact that he does not cite them at all. This explains why Wills completely misunderstands Weak Scientism and the arguments for the quantitative superiority (in terms of research output and research impact) as well as qualitative superiority (in terms of explanatory, predictive, and instrumental success) of scientific knowledge over non-scientific knowledge
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