23,808 research outputs found
Statistical assessment of speech system performance
Methods for the normalization of performance tests results of speech recognition systems are presented. Technological accomplishments in speech recognition systems, as well as planned research activities are described
Internet Filters: A Public Policy Report (Second edition; fully revised and updated)
No sooner was the Internet upon us than anxiety arose over the ease of accessing pornography and other controversial content. In response, entrepreneurs soon developed filtering products. By the end of the decade, a new industry had emerged to create and market Internet filters....Yet filters were highly imprecise from the beginning. The sheer size of the Internet meant that identifying potentially offensive content had to be done mechanically, by matching "key" words and phrases; hence, the blocking of Web sites for "Middlesex County," or words such as "magna cum laude". Internet filters are crude and error-prone because they categorize expression without regard to its context, meaning, and value. Yet these sweeping censorship tools are now widely used in companies, homes, schools, and libraries. Internet filters remain a pressing public policy issue to all those concerned about free expression, education, culture, and democracy. This fully revised and updated report surveys tests and studies of Internet filtering products from the mid-1990s through 2006. It provides an essential resource for the ongoing debate
CalFUSE v3: A Data-Reduction Pipeline for the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer
Since its launch in 1999, the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE)
has made over 4600 observations of some 2500 individual targets. The data are
reduced by the Principal Investigator team at the Johns Hopkins University and
archived at the Multimission Archive at Space Telescope (MAST). The
data-reduction software package, called CalFUSE, has evolved considerably over
the lifetime of the mission. The entire FUSE data set has recently been
reprocessed with CalFUSE v3.2, the latest version of this software. This paper
describes CalFUSE v3.2, the instrument calibrations upon which it is based, and
the format of the resulting calibrated data files.Comment: To appear in PASP; 29 pages, 13 figures, uses aastex, emulateap
From Query to Usable Code: An Analysis of Stack Overflow Code Snippets
Enriched by natural language texts, Stack Overflow code snippets are an
invaluable code-centric knowledge base of small units of source code. Besides
being useful for software developers, these annotated snippets can potentially
serve as the basis for automated tools that provide working code solutions to
specific natural language queries.
With the goal of developing automated tools with the Stack Overflow snippets
and surrounding text, this paper investigates the following questions: (1) How
usable are the Stack Overflow code snippets? and (2) When using text search
engines for matching on the natural language questions and answers around the
snippets, what percentage of the top results contain usable code snippets?
A total of 3M code snippets are analyzed across four languages: C\#, Java,
JavaScript, and Python. Python and JavaScript proved to be the languages for
which the most code snippets are usable. Conversely, Java and C\# proved to be
the languages with the lowest usability rate. Further qualitative analysis on
usable Python snippets shows the characteristics of the answers that solve the
original question. Finally, we use Google search to investigate the alignment
of usability and the natural language annotations around code snippets, and
explore how to make snippets in Stack Overflow an adequate base for future
automatic program generation.Comment: 13th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Mining Software
Repositories, 11 page
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