Modeling the controlled delivery power grid

Competitive energy markets, stricter regulation, and the integration of distributed renewable energy sources are forcing companies to reengineer energy production and distribution. The Controlled Delivery Power Grid is proposed as a novel approach to transport energy from generators to consumers. In this approach, energy distribution is performed in an asynchronous and distributed fashion. Much like the Internet, energy is delivered as addressable packets, which allow a controlled delivery of energy. As a proof-of-concept of the controllable delivery grid, two experimental test beds, one with integrated energy storage and another with no energy storage, were designed and built to evaluate the efficiency of a power distribution and scheduling scheme. Both test beds use a request-grant protocol where energy is supplied in discrete quantities. The performance of the system is measured in terms of the ability to satisfy requests from consumers. The results show high satisfaction ratios for distribution capacities that are smaller than the maximum demand. The distribution of energy is modelled with graph theory and as an Integer Linear Programming problem to minimize transmission losses and determine routes for energy flows in a network with distributed sources and consumers. The obtained results are compared with a heuristic approach based on the Dijkstra\u27s shortest path algorithm, which is proposed as a feasible approach to routing the transmission of packetized energy

Redes ópticas passivas de próxima geração (NG-PON)

Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e TelecomunicaçõesAs redes ópticas passivas (PONs) prometem satisfazer os requisitos dos utilizadores e provedores de serviços de forma a obter débitos mais elevados, quando comparados com as tecnologias baseadas em cobre. Com este trabalho pretende-se estudar e apresentar as tecnologias PON correntes actualmente, as suas características principais e alguma interpretação de como estas conseguem satisfazer os requisitos impostos. Vários standards para PON têm vindo a ser desenvolvidos ao longo dos anos e, considerando que a necessidade de melhores características de serviço é contínua, surgiram as redes ópticas passivas de próxima geração. As NG-PONs prometem satisfazer as exigências dos novos serviços, garantindo melhor qualidade de serviço global que os seus antecessores. Neste trabalho as recomendações do ITU-T e do IEEE são estudadas e apresentadas em detalhe e, como corolário, são comparadas por forma a identificar as suas diferenças e semelhanças. Com base nos conhecimentos obtidos, e com o intuito de validar por simulação alguns dos limites impostos pelas normas são feitas várias simulações de uma rede PON, seguindo a norma 10G-EPON. São variados parâmetros como distância da fibra, número máximo de utilizadores e perdas máximas por inserção de forma a poder avaliar o seu efeito e enquadrar com a norma obtida.Passive Optical networks (PONs) promise to overcome the requirements of users and service providers to achieve higher data rates than conventional cooper Technologies. This work study and present the actual PON technologies, their main features and how they can successfully fulfill the imposed requirements. Several PON recommendations have appeared all over the years and due to ever increasing demand of improved services, PON networks evolved to Next Generation Passive Optical Networks. NG-PONs come to respond to the new quality and demanding services, ensuring better global performance than their antecessors. The ITU-T and IEEE recommendations are studied and presented in detail, and by corollary are compared in order to easily comprehend the differences and similarities between them. Based on the knowledge obtained and with the aim of validate by simulation some of the boundaries imposed by the recommendations, several simulations of a PON network are performed, following the 10G-EPON standard. Parameters like, fiber distance, number of users and maximum insertion loss are changed to evaluate their impact in the PON performance and to frame them in the recommendation

Proceedings of the Fifth International Mobile Satellite Conference 1997

Satellite-based mobile communications systems provide voice and data communications to users over a vast geographic area. The users may communicate via mobile or hand-held terminals, which may also provide access to terrestrial communications services. While previous International Mobile Satellite Conferences have concentrated on technical advances and the increasing worldwide commercial activities, this conference focuses on the next generation of mobile satellite services. The approximately 80 papers included here cover sessions in the following areas: networking and protocols; code division multiple access technologies; demand, economics and technology issues; current and planned systems; propagation; terminal technology; modulation and coding advances; spacecraft technology; advanced systems; and applications and experiments

Proceedings of the Second International Mobile Satellite Conference (IMSC 1990)

Presented here are the proceedings of the Second International Mobile Satellite Conference (IMSC), held June 17-20, 1990 in Ottawa, Canada. Topics covered include future mobile satellite communications concepts, aeronautical applications, modulation and coding, propagation and experimental systems, mobile terminal equipment, network architecture and control, regulatory and policy considerations, vehicle antennas, and speech compression

On-board B-ISDN fast packet switching architectures. Phase 1: Study

The broadband integrate services digital network (B-ISDN) is an emerging telecommunications technology that will meet most of the telecommunications networking needs in the mid-1990's to early next century. The satellite-based system is well positioned for providing B-ISDN service with its inherent capabilities of point-to-multipoint and broadcast transmission, virtually unlimited connectivity between any two points within a beam coverage, short deployment time of communications facility, flexible and dynamic reallocation of space segment capacity, and distance insensitive cost. On-board processing satellites, particularly in a multiple spot beam environment, will provide enhanced connectivity, better performance, optimized access and transmission link design, and lower user service cost. The following are described: the user and network aspects of broadband services; the current development status in broadband services; various satellite network architectures including system design issues; and various fast packet switch architectures and their detail designs

Space station data system analysis/architecture study. Task 2: Options development, DR-5. Volume 2: Design options

The primary objective of Task 2 is the development of an information base that will support the conduct of trade studies and provide sufficient data to make key design/programmatic decisions. This includes: (1) the establishment of option categories that are most likely to influence Space Station Data System (SSDS) definition; (2) the identification of preferred options in each category; and (3) the characterization of these options with respect to performance attributes, constraints, cost and risk. This volume contains the options development for the design category. This category comprises alternative structures, configurations and techniques that can be used to develop designs that are responsive to the SSDS requirements. The specific areas discussed are software, including data base management and distributed operating systems; system architecture, including fault tolerance and system growth/automation/autonomy and system interfaces; time management; and system security/privacy. Also discussed are space communications and local area networking

Internet of Things From Hype to Reality

The Internet of Things (IoT) has gained significant mindshare, let alone attention, in academia and the industry especially over the past few years. The reasons behind this interest are the potential capabilities that IoT promises to offer. On the personal level, it paints a picture of a future world where all the things in our ambient environment are connected to the Internet and seamlessly communicate with each other to operate intelligently. The ultimate goal is to enable objects around us to efficiently sense our surroundings, inexpensively communicate, and ultimately create a better environment for us: one where everyday objects act based on what we need and like without explicit instructions