635 research outputs found

    Ultra wideband: applications, technology and future perspectives

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    Ultra Wide Band (UWB) wireless communications offers a radically different approach to wireless communication compared to conventional narrow band systems. Global interest in the technology is huge. This paper reports on the state of the art of UWB wireless technology and highlights key application areas, technological challenges, higher layer protocol issues, spectrum operating zones and future drivers. The majority of the discussion focuses on the state of the art of UWB technology as it is today and in the near future

    A critical analysis of research potential, challenges and future directives in industrial wireless sensor networks

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    In recent years, Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSNs) have emerged as an important research theme with applications spanning a wide range of industries including automation, monitoring, process control, feedback systems and automotive. Wide scope of IWSNs applications ranging from small production units, large oil and gas industries to nuclear fission control, enables a fast-paced research in this field. Though IWSNs offer advantages of low cost, flexibility, scalability, self-healing, easy deployment and reformation, yet they pose certain limitations on available potential and introduce challenges on multiple fronts due to their susceptibility to highly complex and uncertain industrial environments. In this paper a detailed discussion on design objectives, challenges and solutions, for IWSNs, are presented. A careful evaluation of industrial systems, deadlines and possible hazards in industrial atmosphere are discussed. The paper also presents a thorough review of the existing standards and industrial protocols and gives a critical evaluation of potential of these standards and protocols along with a detailed discussion on available hardware platforms, specific industrial energy harvesting techniques and their capabilities. The paper lists main service providers for IWSNs solutions and gives insight of future trends and research gaps in the field of IWSNs

    Technology Implications of UWB on Wireless Sensor Network-A detailed Survey

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    In today’s high tech “SMART” world sensor based networks are widely used. The main challenge with wireless-based sensor networks is the underneath physical layer. In this survey, we have identified core obstacles of wireless sensor network when UWB is used at PHY layer. This research was done using a systematic approach to assess UWB’s effectiveness (for WSN) based on information taken from various research papers, books, technical surveys and articles. Our aim is to measure the UWB’s effectiveness for WSN and analyze the different obstacles allied with its implementation. Starting from existing solutions to proposed theories. Here we have focused only on the core concerns, e.g. spectrum, interference, synchronization etc.Our research concludes that despite all the bottlenecks and challenges, UWB’s efficient capabilities makes it an attractive PHY layer scheme for the WSN, provided we can control interference and energy problems. This survey gives a fresh start to the researchers and prototype designers to understand the technological concerns associated with UWB’s implementatio

    Assessment of Wireless Technologies for deployment in Intelligent Transportation System based on Internet of Things

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    Use of Internet of Things (IoT) with modern wireless network is a trend of the emerging technologies for different systems which can be deployed in various kinds of environment to monitor, communicate with or control the associated elements in the system. The activities e.g., monitoring and communication by IoT can play an important role to design an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). In this paper, we assess the suitability of IoT enabled wireless technology to be used for ITS. We performed some comparative study to find the best wireless technology that provides reliability, low cost, less power consumption and less data latency for next generation ITS.This technology will reduce energy consumption of the deployed IoT devices as well as ensure safety, efficiency and convenient for transportation systems

    On the trade-off between uncertainty and delay in UWB and 5G localization

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    Location-aware technologies in combination with emerging wireless communication systems\ua0have revolutionized many aspects of our daily lives by means of applications within\ua0the commercial, public and military sectors. Ultra-wideband (UWB) and 5G stand\ua0out as emerging radio frequency (RF) based technologies that tackle the limitations of\ua0Global Positioning System solutions. The thrive in search for better accuracy involves\ua0improved ranging algorithms, higher transmission powers, network densification, larger\ua0bandwidths, and the use of cooperation among nodes in the network. However, practical\ua0implementations introduce communication related constraints. In this thesis, we study\ua0the trade-off between localization accuracy and communication constraints in terms of\ua0delay. This trade-off is investigated and quantified for two of the most rapidly growing\ua0RF technologies for high precision positioning: UWB and 5G.In UWB, we investigate the trade-off between medium access control (MAC) delay and\ua0accuracy based on a two-way-ranging and a spatial time division multiple access scheme.\ua0We quantify this relationship by deriving lower bounds on localization accuracy and MAC\ua0delay during the measurements phase, which is often neglected in the analyses. We find\ua0that the traditional means to improve accuracy such as increased number of anchors,\ua0increased communication range, and cooperation among nodes, come at a significant cost\ua0in terms of delay, which can be mitigated by means of techniques such as selective ranging\ua0and eavesdropping. We summarize and generalize our findings by characterizing the\ua0position error and delay lower bounds by deriving asymptotic scaling laws. These scaling\ua0laws are presented for dense noncooperative and cooperative networks in combination\ua0with delay mitigation techniques. Moreover, we introduce a delay/accuracy trade-off\ua0parameter, which can uniquely quantify the trade-off as a function of the agent and\ua0anchor density. Finally, we consider the problem of fast link scheduling and propose an\ua0optimization strategy to perform robust ranging scheduling with localization constraints.\ua0We propose two MAC-aware link selection heuristic approximation approaches which\ua0show similar performance as the optimal solution, but alleviate the problem complexity.In 5G, we analyze the interplay between communication and positioning within the initial\ua0access procedure between a transmitter and a receiver in a millimeter-wave multipleinput\ua0multiple-output system. We exploit the ability of the receiver to determine its\ua0location during the beam selection process and thus, improve the subsequent selection\ua0of beams within initial access. First, assuming that only the transmitter has beamforming\ua0capabilities, we propose an in-band position-aided transmitter beam selection\ua0protocol for scenarios with direct line-of-sight and scattering. Then, we extend the work\ua0and propose an in-band position-aided beam selection protocol where we also allow for\ua0the receiver to perform beamforming in scenarios with line-of-sight, reflected paths, and\ua0possible beam alignment errors. Both protocols show similar performance compared to\ua0their conventional counterparts in terms of final achieved signal-to-noise ratio, but they\ua0are significantly faster and can additionally provide the position and orientation of the\ua0devices in an accurate manner

    On the Trade-off Between Accuracy and Delay in Cooperative UWB Navigation

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    In ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) cooperative navigation, nodes estimate their position by means of shared information. Such sharing has a direct impact on the position accuracy and medium access control (MAC) delay, which needs to be considered when designing UWB navigation systems. We investigate the interplay between UWB position accuracy and MAC delay for cooperative scenarios. We quantify this relation through fundamental lower bounds on position accuracy and MAC delay for arbitrary finite networks. Results show that the traditional ways to increase accuracy (e.g., increasing the number of anchors or the transmission power) as well as inter-node cooperation may lead to large MAC delays. We evaluate one method to mitigate these delays
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