1,530 research outputs found
Crawford-Sobel meet Lloyd-Max on the grid
The main contribution of this work is twofold. First, we apply, for the first
time, a framework borrowed from economics to a problem in the smart grid
namely, the design of signaling schemes between a consumer and an electricity
aggregator when these have non-aligned objectives. The consumer's objective is
to meet its need in terms of power and send a request (a message) to the
aggregator which does not correspond, in general, to its actual need. The
aggregator, which receives this request, not only wants to satisfy it but also
wants to manage the cost induced by the residential electricity distribution
network. Second, we establish connections between the exploited framework and
the quantization problem. Although the model assumed for the payoff functions
for the consumer and aggregator is quite simple, it allows one to extract
insights of practical interest from the analysis conducted. This allows us to
establish a direct connection with quantization, and more importantly, to open
a much more general challenge for source and channel coding.Comment: ICASSP 2014, 5 page
Distributed Stochastic Market Clearing with High-Penetration Wind Power
Integrating renewable energy into the modern power grid requires
risk-cognizant dispatch of resources to account for the stochastic availability
of renewables. Toward this goal, day-ahead stochastic market clearing with
high-penetration wind energy is pursued in this paper based on the DC optimal
power flow (OPF). The objective is to minimize the social cost which consists
of conventional generation costs, end-user disutility, as well as a risk
measure of the system re-dispatching cost. Capitalizing on the conditional
value-at-risk (CVaR), the novel model is able to mitigate the potentially high
risk of the recourse actions to compensate wind forecast errors. The resulting
convex optimization task is tackled via a distribution-free sample average
based approximation to bypass the prohibitively complex high-dimensional
integration. Furthermore, to cope with possibly large-scale dispatchable loads,
a fast distributed solver is developed with guaranteed convergence using the
alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Numerical results tested on
a modified benchmark system are reported to corroborate the merits of the novel
framework and proposed approaches.Comment: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems; 12 pages and 9
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Transforming Energy Networks via Peer to Peer Energy Trading: Potential of Game Theoretic Approaches
Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading has emerged as a next-generation energy
management mechanism for the smart grid that enables each prosumer of the
network to participate in energy trading with one another and the grid. This
poses a significant challenge in terms of modeling the decision-making process
of each participant with conflicting interest and motivating prosumers to
participate in energy trading and to cooperate, if necessary, for achieving
different energy management goals. Therefore, such decision-making process
needs to be built on solid mathematical and signal processing tools that can
ensure an efficient operation of the smart grid. This paper provides an
overview of the use of game theoretic approaches for P2P energy trading as a
feasible and effective means of energy management. As such, we discuss various
games and auction theoretic approaches by following a systematic classification
to provide information on the importance of game theory for smart energy
research. Then, the paper focuses on the P2P energy trading describing its key
features and giving an introduction to an existing P2P testbed. Further, the
paper zooms into the detail of some specific game and auction theoretic models
that have recently been used in P2P energy trading and discusses some important
finding of these schemes.Comment: 38 pages, single column, double spac
Heuristic optimization of clusters of heat pumps: A simulation and case study of residential frequency reserve
The technological challenges of adapting energy systems to the addition of more renewables are intricately interrelated with the ways in which markets incentivize their development and deployment. Households with own onsite distributed generation augmented by electrical and thermal storage capacities (prosumers), can adjust energy use based on the current needs of the electricity grid. Heat pumps, as an established technology for enhancing energy efficiency, are increasingly seen as having potential for shifting electricity use and contributing to Demand Response (DR).
Using a model developed and validated with monitoring data of a household in a plus-energy neighborhood in southern Germany, the technical and financial viability of utilizing household heat pumps to provide power in the market for Frequency Restoration Reserve (FRR) are studied. The research aims to evaluate the flexible electrical load offered by a cluster of buildings whose heat pumps are activated depending on selected rule-based participation strategies.
Given the prevailing prices for FRR in Germany, the modelled cluster was unable to reduce overall electricity costs and thus was unable to show that DR participation as a cluster with the heat pumps is financially viable. Five strategies that differed in the respective contractual requirements that would need to be agreed upon between the cluster manager and the aggregator were studied. The relatively high degree of flexibility necessary for the heat pumps to participate in FRR activations could be provided to varying extents in all strategies, but the minimum running time of the heat pumps turned out to be the primary limiting physical (and financial) factor. The frequency, price and duration of the activation calls from the FRR are also vital to compensate the increase of the heat pumps’ energy use. With respect to thermal comfort and self-sufficiency constraints, the buildings were only able to accept up to 34% of the activation calls while remaining within set comfort parameters. This, however, also depends on the characteristics of the buildings. Finally, a sensitivity analysis showed that if the FRR market changed and the energy prices were more advantageous, the proposed approaches could become financially viable. This work suggests the need for further study of the role of heat pumps in flexibility markets and research questions concerning the aggregation of local clusters of such flexible technologies.Comisión Europea 69596
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