Improving the Design and Implementation of Software Systems uses Aspect Oriented Programming

A design pattern is used as a static reusable component of object oriented design in the many patterns catalogue. The regular design pattern does not show any collaboration of shared resource between patterns in the software design. But generative design pattern is a new design pattern that shows the relationship and shared resources between them. The generative design pattern is considered a dynamic and active design, which creating new design as a result of collaboration and resource usage between two designs. This paper will demonstrate benefit and the structure of generative pattern. It also demonstrates the creation of a desktop application for modeling generative design pattern. The Java language creates the desktop application. The application provides many features, for instance, users can place drawing objects such as class, Interface and Abstract Class object. The users also can draw different connection line between these objects, such as simple, inheritance, composition lines. This project shows the implementation details techniques of drawing objects and their connection. It also provides an open source code that many novice developers can understand and analysis for further development. The application source code gives the developers new ideas and skills in object oriented programming and graphical user interface in Java language

Cross-lingual Question Answering with QED

We present improvements and modifications of the QED open-domain question answering system developed for TREC-2003 to make it cross-lingual for participation in the CrossLinguistic Evaluation Forum (CLEF) Question Answering Track 2004 for the source languages French and German and the target language English. We use rule-based question translation extended with surface pattern-oriented pre- and post-processing rules for question reformulation to create and English query from its French or German original. Our system uses deep processing for the question and answers, which requires efficient and radical prior search space pruning. For answering factoid questions, we report an accuracy of 16% (German to English) and 20% (French to English), respectively

The phonetics of second language learning and bilingualism

This chapter provides an overview of major theories and findings in the field of second language (L2) phonetics and phonology. Four main conceptual frameworks are discussed and compared: the Perceptual Assimilation Model-L2, the Native Language Magnet Theory, the Automatic Selection Perception Model, and the Speech Learning Model. These frameworks differ in terms of their empirical focus, including the type of learner (e.g., beginner vs. advanced) and target modality (e.g., perception vs. production), and in terms of their theoretical assumptions, such as the basic unit or window of analysis that is relevant (e.g., articulatory gestures, position-specific allophones). Despite the divergences among these theories, three recurring themes emerge from the literature reviewed. First, the learning of a target L2 structure (segment, prosodic pattern, etc.) is influenced by phonetic and/or phonological similarity to structures in the native language (L1). In particular, L1-L2 similarity exists at multiple levels and does not necessarily benefit L2 outcomes. Second, the role played by certain factors, such as acoustic phonetic similarity between close L1 and L2 sounds, changes over the course of learning, such that advanced learners may differ from novice learners with respect to the effect of a specific variable on observed L2 behavior. Third, the connection between L2 perception and production (insofar as the two are hypothesized to be linked) differs significantly from the perception-production links observed in L1 acquisition. In service of elucidating the predictive differences among these theories, this contribution discusses studies that have investigated L2 perception and/or production primarily at a segmental level. In addition to summarizing the areas in which there is broad consensus, the chapter points out a number of questions which remain a source of debate in the field today.https://drive.google.com/open?id=1uHX9K99Bl31vMZNRWL-YmU7O2p1tG2wHhttps://drive.google.com/open?id=1uHX9K99Bl31vMZNRWL-YmU7O2p1tG2wHhttps://drive.google.com/open?id=1uHX9K99Bl31vMZNRWL-YmU7O2p1tG2wHAccepted manuscriptAccepted manuscrip

Lexical patterns, features and knowledge resources for coreference resolution in clinical notes

Generation of entity coreference chains provides a means to extract linked narrative events from clinical notes, but despite being a well-researched topic in natural language processing, general- purpose coreference tools perform poorly on clinical texts. This paper presents a knowledge-centric and pattern-based approach to resolving coreference across a wide variety of clinical records comprising discharge summaries, progress notes, pathology, radiology and surgical reports from two corpora (Ontology Development and Information Extraction (ODIE) and i2b2/VA). In addition, a method for generating coreference chains using progressively pruned linked lists is demonstrated that reduces the search space and facilitates evaluation by a number of metrics. Independent evaluation results show an F-measure for each corpus of 79.2% and 87.5%, respectively, which offers performance at least as good as human annotators, greatly increased performance over general- purpose tools, and improvement on previously reported clinical coreference systems. The system uses a number of open-source components that are available to download

Language modelization and categorization for voice-activated QA

The interest of the incorporation of voice interfaces to the Question Answering systems has increased in recent years. In this work, we present an approach to the Automatic Speech Recognition component of a Voice-Activated Question Answering system, focusing our interest in building a language model able to include as many relevant words from the document repository as possible, but also representing the general syntactic structure of typical questions. We have applied these technique to the recognition of questions of the CLEF QA 2003-2006 contests.Work partially supported by the Spanish MICINN under contract TIN2008-06856-C05-02, and by the Vicerrectorat d’Investigació, Desenvolupament i Innovació of the Universitat Politècnica de València under contract 20100982.Pastor Pellicer, J.; Hurtado Oliver, LF.; Segarra Soriano, E.; Sanchís Arnal, E. (2011). Language modelization and categorization for voice-activated QA. En Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis, Computer Vision, and Applications. Springer Verlag (Germany). 7042(7042):475-482. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25085-9_56S47548270427042Akiba, T., Itou, K., Fujii, A.: Language model adaptation for fixed phrases by amplifying partial n-gram sequences. Systems and Computers in Japan 38(4), 63–73 (2007)Atserias, J., Casas, B., Comelles, E., Gónzalez, M., Padró, L., Padró, M.: Freeling 1.3: Five years of open-source language processing tools. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (2006)Carreras, X., Chao, I., Padró, L., Padró, M.: Freeling: An open-source suite of language analyzers. In: Proceedings of the 4th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (2004)Castro-Bleda, M.J., España-Boquera, S., Marzal, A., Salvador, I.: Grapheme-to-phoneme conversion for the spanish language. In: Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis. Proceedings of the IX Spanish Symposium on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis, pp. 397–402. Asociación Española de Reconocimiento de Formas y Análisis de Imágenes, Benicàssim (2001)Chu-Carroll, J., Prager, J.: An experimental study of the impact of information extraction accuracy on semantic search performance. In: Proceedings of the Sixteenth ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, CIKM 2007, pp. 505–514. ACM (2007)Harabagiu, S., Moldovan, D., Picone, J.: Open-domain voice-activated question answering. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2002, vol. 1, pp. 1–7. Association for Computational Linguistics (2002)Kim, D., Furui, S., Isozaki, H.: Language models and dialogue strategy for a voice QA system. In: 18th International Congress on Acoustics, Kyoto, Japan, pp. 3705–3708 (2004)Mishra, T., Bangalore, S.: Speech-driven query retrieval for question-answering. In: 2010 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pp. 5318–5321. IEEE (2010)Padró, L., Collado, M., Reese, S., Lloberes, M., Castellón, I.: Freeling 2.1: Five years of open-source language processing tools. In: Proceedings of 7th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (2010)Rosso, P., Hurtado, L.F., Segarra, E., Sanchis, E.: On the voice-activated question answering. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews PP(99), 1–11 (2010)Sanchis, E., Buscaldi, D., Grau, S., Hurtado, L., Griol, D.: Spoken QA based on a Passage Retrieval engine. In: IEEE-ACL Workshop on Spoken Language Technology, Aruba, pp. 62–65 (2006

Development of New Space Systems Architecture in SYSML Using Model-Based Pattern Language

This manuscript presents an approach to the application of the Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) and Model-Based Systems Architecting (MBSA) principles to develop a Model-Based Pattern Language (MBPL). It takes considerable time for systems engineers and mission architects to develop a new system from scratch, particularly new space-based systems derived from the existing space system architectures. The use of a pattern language which is a holistic view of reusable logical model artifacts, can improve the process. The main benefit of the pattern language is to reduce the time and validation required to generate a new space-based system architecture; this approach will develop top-level requirements in the initial phase of the system development. The approach of the methodology in this research was to collect and decompose published literature and other open-source information available on space system architectures and system models. After those were generated, SysML models for systems, sub-systems, products, assembly, subassembly level, and mission-specific requirements were derived from the existing systems and documents using CAMEO SysML software. These patterns were then arranged into a functional ontology and used to construct a logical architecture pattern library. This approach created, updated, and managed a SysML pattern language, which expedited new model construction. The goal was to develop a logical pattern language using public domain information and evaluate patterns by constructing a new space mission. This research was partly funded by the NASA Advanced Concepts Office (ACO) Huntsville, AL., during 2021

An Open Source C++ Implementation of Multi-Threaded Gaussian Mixture Models, k-Means and Expectation Maximisation

Modelling of multivariate densities is a core component in many signal processing, pattern recognition and machine learning applications. The modelling is often done via Gaussian mixture models (GMMs), which use computationally expensive and potentially unstable training algorithms. We provide an overview of a fast and robust implementation of GMMs in the C++ language, employing multi-threaded versions of the Expectation Maximisation (EM) and k-means training algorithms. Multi-threading is achieved through reformulation of the EM and k-means algorithms into a MapReduce-like framework. Furthermore, the implementation uses several techniques to improve numerical stability and modelling accuracy. We demonstrate that the multi-threaded implementation achieves a speedup of an order of magnitude on a recent 16 core machine, and that it can achieve higher modelling accuracy than a previously well-established publically accessible implementation. The multi-threaded implementation is included as a user-friendly class in recent releases of the open source Armadillo C++ linear algebra library. The library is provided under the permissive Apache~2.0 license, allowing unencumbered use in commercial products