System design and validation of multi-band OFDM wireless communications with multiple antennas

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Wireless sensor network for health monitoring

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is becoming a significant enabling technology for a wide variety of applications. Recent advances in WSN have facilitated the realization of pervasive health monitoring for both homecare and hospital environments. Current technological advances in sensors, power-efficient integrated circuits, and wireless communication have allowed the development of miniature, lightweight, low-cost, and smart physiological sensor nodes. These nodes are capable of sensing, processing, and communicating one or more vital signs. Furthermore, they can be used in wireless personal area networks (WPANs) or wireless body sensor networks (WBSNs) for health monitoring. Many studies were performed and/or are under way in order to develop flexible, reliable, secure, real-time, and power-efficient WBSNs suitable for healthcare applications. To efficiently control and monitor a patient’s status as well as to reduce the cost of power and maintenance, IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee, a communication standard for low-power wireless communication, is developed as a new efficient technology in health monitoring systems. The main contribution of this dissertation is to provide a modeling, analysis, and design framework for WSN health monitoring systems. This dissertation describes the applications of wireless sensor networks in the healthcare area and discusses the related issues and challenges. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the acceptance of the current wireless standard for enabling WSNs for healthcare monitoring in real environment. Its focus is on IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee protocols combined with hardware and software platforms. Especially, it focuses on Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance mechanism (CSMA/CA) algorithms for reliable communication in multiple accessing networks. The performance analysis metrics are established through measured data and mathematical analysis. This dissertation evaluates the network performance of the IEEE 802.15.4 unslotted CSMA/CA mechanism for different parameter settings through analytical modeling and simulation. For this protocol, a Markov chain model is used to derive the analytical expression of normalized packet transmission, reliability, channel access delay, and energy consumption. This model is used to describe the stochastic behavior of random access and deterministic behavior of IEEE 802.15.4 CSMA/CA. By using it, the different aspects of health monitoring can be analyzed. The sound transmission of heart beat with other smaller data packet transmission is studied. The obtained theoretical analysis and simulation results can be used to estimate and design the high performance health monitoring systems

Controlo de assiduidade com multiposto e comunicações wireless

Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e TelecomunicaçõesA crescente competitividade entre o sector industrial aliada às evoluções tecnológicas tem dado lugar à introdução de mecanismos automáticos que procuram a eficiência dos recursos humanos. Sistemas de controlo de assiduidade em ambientes industriais são um exemplo de uma ferramenta automática de gestão dos recursos humanos. No âmbito desta dissertação é proposto um sistema de controlo de assiduidade com múltiplas estações de validação e com comunicações sem fios, designado por Wireless Temp I/O. A abordagem sem fios permite que a importação do sistema de controlo de assiduidade seja facilitada aquando da alteração da disposição da empresa. A existência de múltiplos postos permite a integração de várias estações de registo nos diferentes acessos ao espaço laboral, permitindo o controlo de acessos físico ao mesmo. De forma a garantir a fiabilidade na identificação de funcionários é utilizada a emergente tecnologia biométrica. Nesta dissertação são apresentados estudos comparativos das tecnologias biométricas e de comunicações sem fios assim como a arquitectura e caracterização técnica do sistema de controlo de assiduidade. ABSTRACT: The increasing competitiveness among the industry allied to technological developments has given rise to the introduction of automatic mechanisms seeking the efficiency of human resources. An employee's attendance control system is an example of an automated tool for the management of human resources in industrial environments. This dissertation concerns the development of an attendance system with multiple stations of time record and wireless communications, named Wireless Temp I/O. The wireless approach allows the enterprise layout to be changed and that the attendance system to be redeployed easily. The existence of multiple stations allows the integration of several stations for time record in the different access to workplace, as well as makes it possible to control physical access to it. To ensure the identification reliability of employees is used the emerging biometric technology. In this dissertation are presented comparative studies of biometric technologies and wireless communications as well as the architecture and technical characterization of the attendance system

Advanced Trends in Wireless Communications

Physical limitations on wireless communication channels impose huge challenges to reliable communication. Bandwidth limitations, propagation loss, noise and interference make the wireless channel a narrow pipe that does not readily accommodate rapid flow of data. Thus, researches aim to design systems that are suitable to operate in such channels, in order to have high performance quality of service. Also, the mobility of the communication systems requires further investigations to reduce the complexity and the power consumption of the receiver. This book aims to provide highlights of the current research in the field of wireless communications. The subjects discussed are very valuable to communication researchers rather than researchers in the wireless related areas. The book chapters cover a wide range of wireless communication topics

Wireless Technologies for Indoor Asset Positioning

The Positioning of assets in a manufacturing industry is one of the milestones in the process to increase the visibility inside the factory and improve the current manufacturing practices. Furthermore, in order to cope with the high mobility of the assets in a factory, the utilization of wireless technologies has been increased in the past few years in order to develop the positioning applications. However, the utilization of these technologies must not increase the complexity of the manufacturing systems. Therefore, the utilization of a common network protocol such as the Internet Protocol is preferred. The theoretical part of this thesis work presents a general description of the wireless technologies used in industrial environments. Additionally, it discusses the different methodologies and algorithms used for the positioning of assets applications in wireless networks in more detail. Furthermore, an introduction to the latest efforts and systems developed to address the problem of position estimation of assets in wireless networks is provided. In order to understand the realization of the IP-based wireless sensor networks, a brief review of the operating systems supporting this characteristic is presented. Finally a survey about the IP-ready wireless sensor network is performed in order to select the most suitable platform to use in the practical part of this work. The practical part of this thesis work focuses on the implementation of a real-time position estimation tool for manufacturing assets based on a Wireless Sensor Network for indoor environments. The main purpose is to estimate the position of a pallet allocated on a light assembly manufacturing line. In addition, the wireless sensor network utilizes the Internet Protocol version 6 as the networking protocol. Furthermore, the estimation parameter utilized by the tool is the received signal strength. Consequently, the position estimation methodologies based on the received signal strength are implemented by this tool. Finally, the position estimation tool was tested which is documented in the results section. /Kir1

Assessment of Indoor Positioning System (IPS) technology

Indoor Positioning Systems (IPS) have lead to increased e ciency in many types of organizations and industries, and more and more companies embrace the new opportunities and functionality found in IPS solutions. Because of IPS's importance and usage potential in creating new services, there is a signi cant interest in the industry for IPS and Real Time Locating Systems (RTLS). The market potential for companies that develop and sell IPS and RTLS systems are thus predicted to be large in the coming years. An IPS system may consist of only one technology, or be a hybrid of two or more technologies. Although the biggest di erence between IPS systems are the technology they are based on, it is often the performance, usage, ease of deployment, cost, or a combination of these, that matters. Examples of technologies that are used in IPS systems and assessed in this thesis are Radio Frequency Identi cation (RFID), Wi-Fi, Ultrasound and Ultra-Wideband (UWB). The technology assessment showed that UWB is probably the best technology for use in indoor positioning systems. Ultra-Wideband is however in its early phases and are therefore not regulated for use in all countries, for instance Norway. Wi-Fi is on the other hand a good choice for open indoor environments such as o ce or class rooms where some level of positioning error is accepted as long as the decreased performance is reflected in the price of the system. The testing program build in this thesis, including the proposed positioning methods, show that it is possible to create a low cost indoor positioning system by re-using the existing wireless network infrastructure and still achieve an acceptable level of accuracy

Intelligent Circuits and Systems

ICICS-2020 is the third conference initiated by the School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering at Lovely Professional University that explored recent innovations of researchers working for the development of smart and green technologies in the fields of Energy, Electronics, Communications, Computers, and Control. ICICS provides innovators to identify new opportunities for the social and economic benefits of society.　 This conference bridges the gap between academics and R&D institutions, social visionaries, and experts from all strata of society to present their ongoing research activities and foster research relations between them. It provides opportunities for the exchange of new ideas, applications, and experiences in the field of smart technologies and finding global partners for future collaboration. The ICICS-2020 was conducted in two broad categories, Intelligent Circuits & Intelligent Systems and Emerging Technologies in Electrical Engineering