Human environment interactions and collaborative adaptive capacity building in a resilience framework

2012 Spring.Includes bibliographical references.Being firmly in the Anthropocene Era--a period in humanity's evolution where human behavior and dominance is significantly impacting the earth's systems, my research objective was in response to the concern and call of the National Science Foundation and of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change that humanity needs to develop new strategies to tackle complex anthropogenic issues impacting the global environment and that there should be a focus on human behavior to effect change. Through a collaborative tri-phase dual model research initiative in the back country of Burntwater, Arizona in the Houck Chapter on the Navajo Nation, a small group of Navajo, using a photovoice and artvoice technique, began an exploration into community issues and concerns. The outcome confirmed that illegal trash dumping was a serious matter to the community in need of attention. Through multiple community gatherings the illegal trash dumping issue was discussed and explored within the workings of a Participatory Social Frame Work of Action - Collaborative Adaptive Capacity Building (PSFA-CACB) conceptual model. Using data from my field site I was able to partially inform a theoretical agent-based model Taking Care of the Land - Human Environment Interactions (TCL-HEI). Using the TCL-HEI model I was then able to theoretically illustrate within a resilience framework a social-ecological system regime basin shift from an undesirable state to a desirable state. This shift resulted from a change in the system's stability landscape variables through the introduction of a combination of consultative behavior and economic incentive model parameters. The ultimate objective of the tri-phase dual-model approach was to show how local and regional sustainable entrepreneurial and cooperative action might change illegal trash dumping behavior through a recycling and waste-to-fuels processing program. I further show how the effect of such an initiative would result in mitigating environmental degradation by lessening illegal trash dumping sites and landfill deposits while creating jobs and empowering a local population. It is my hope that the ramifications of this study might be considered at the Chapter, Agency and Nation levels on the Navajo Nation to explore possibilities of contracting-out for the development of a clean-energy waste-to-fuels processing facility and program

COIN@AAMAS2015

COIN@AAMAS2015 is the nineteenth edition of the series and the fourteen papers included in these proceedings demonstrate the vitality of the community and will provide the grounds for a solid workshop program and what we expect will be a most enjoyable and enriching debate.Peer reviewe

Trust networks for recommender systems

Recommender systems use information about their user’s profiles and relationships to suggest items that might be of interest to them. Recommenders that incorporate a social trust network among their users have the potential to make more personalized recommendations compared to traditional systems, provided they succeed in utilizing the additional (dis)trust information to their advantage. Such trust-enhanced recommenders consist of two main components: recommendation technologies and trust metrics (techniques which aim to estimate the trust between two unknown users.) We introduce a new bilattice-based model that considers trust and distrust as two different but dependent components, and study the accompanying trust metrics. Two of their key building blocks are trust propagation and aggregation. If user a wants to form an opinion about an unknown user x, a can contact one of his acquaintances, who can contact another one, etc., until a user is reached who is connected with x (propagation). Since a will often contact several persons, one also needs a mechanism to combine the trust scores that result from several propagation paths (aggregation). We introduce new fuzzy logic propagation operators and focus on the potential of OWA strategies and the effect of knowledge defects. Our experiments demonstrate that propagators that actively incorporate distrust are more accurate than standard approaches, and that new aggregators result in better predictions than purely bilattice-based operators. In the second part of the dissertation, we focus on the application of trust networks in recommender systems. After the introduction of a new detection measure for controversial items, we show that trust-based approaches are more effective than baselines. We also propose a new algorithm that achieves an immediate high coverage while the accuracy remains adequate. Furthermore, we also provide the first experimental study on the potential of distrust in a memory-based collaborative filtering recommendation process. Finally, we also study the user cold start problem; we propose to identify key figures in the network, and to suggest them as possible connection points for newcomers. Our experiments show that it is much more beneficial for a new user to connect to an identified key figure instead of making random connections

19th Brazilian Logic Conference: Book of Abstracts

This is the book of abstracts of the 19th Brazilian Logic Conferences. The Brazilian Logic Conferences (EBL) is one of the most traditional logic conferences in South America. Organized by the Brazilian Logic Society (SBL), its main goal is to promote the dissemination of research in logic in a broad sense. It has been occurring since 1979, congregating logicians of different fields — mostly philosophy, mathematics and computer science — and with different backgrounds — from undergraduate students to senior researchers. The meeting is an important moment for the Brazilian and South American logical community to join together and discuss recent developments of the field. The areas of logic covered in the conference spread over foundations and philosophy of science, analytic philosophy, philosophy and history of logic, mathematics, computer science, informatics, linguistics and artificial intelligence. Previous editions of the EBL have been a great success, attracting researchers from all over Latin America and elsewhere. The 19th edition of EBL takes place from May 6-10, 2019, in the beautiful city of João Pessoa, at the northeast coast of Brazil. It is conjointly organized by Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), whose main campus is located in João Pessoa, Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), whose main campus is located in the nearby city of Campina Grande (the second-largest city in Paraíba state) and SBL. It is sponsored by UFPB, UFCG, the Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and the State Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Paraíba. It takes place at Hotel Luxxor Nord Tambaú, privileged located right in front Tambaú beach, one of João Pessoa’s most famous beaches

Targeted case management

Medicaid Targeted Case Management (MTCM) is a means for achieving beneficiary wellness through communication, education and service(s) identification and referral. MTCM is a time-limited process that provides an organized structured process for moving beneficiaries through the process of change and toward the goal of self-sufficiency. The MTCM process is a shared partnership between the beneficiary and/or responsible party and the Case Manager. This manual lists requirements that must be met in order to qualify for payment from Medicaid

The subjective nature of decision-makers in the domain of objective sentence processing

Selective incapacitation has been defined as an objective process whereby violent and/or chronic offenders are isolated and given longer prison terms. The purpose of this process is to keep these offenders out of society for longer periods of time resulting in a safer society. Couched within this utilitarian perspective is the assumption that the social sciences have developed a reputable formula from which future criminal behavior can be accurately predicted. This research, a case study of a Nevada presentence investigation unit, found that all convicted offenders are dealt with using the same criteria applied to violent and/or chronic offenders. This study employed a triangulated research strategy (participant observation, interview, document analysis, and quasi-experiment methods) which reveals that the subjective nature of social actors appears to supersede the scientifically-objective sentence recommendation guidelines. Interviews were conducted with 17 presentence investigators, which included their participation in a quasi-experiment using a scenario set with two hypothetical criminal cases. Data indicate that, inadvertently, institutional racism, sexism, classism, etc., play an active role, as proxy indicators, in the sentence recommendation process