Student-centered and ICT-enabled learning models in veterinarian programs: what changed with COVID-19?

COVID-19 highlighted higher education’s resistance to implementing the student-centered and ICT (information and communication technology)-enabled learning practices as incentivized by the Bologna Declaration. ICTs were crucial to keep the students in educational programs during the outbreak; however, some students were left out, increasing socioeconomic differences, and many teachers needed the training to provide online lectures effectively. Despite those barriers, the current context could be an opportunity to invest in new teaching and learning practices. The main goal of this research is to analyze how teachers and students from veterinary programs in Portugal adapted to the digital environment, and perceive whether this change imposed by COVID-19 could provide teachers and higher institutions with new solutions to implement effective student-centered and ICT-enabled learning models. Results show that veterinary programs are based on student-centered practices by nature, but that the use of ICTs is still incipient. Teachers, students, and members from the Professional Order claim that the worst change brought by COVID-19 was the cancellation of hands-on sessions, impoverishing the students’ education during the time of mandatory confinement. Actors say that it is important to invest in innovative teaching and learning practices enabled by ICTs in the future.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Development and evaluation of an anatomically designed and 3D printed device to enhance orotracheal intubation success in rabbits by inexperienced veterinarians

Objective: To assess whether the use of a three-dimensional (3D) printed device enhances the success rate of orotracheal intubation in rabbits. Study design: Prospective, crossover randomized controlled trial. Animals: A total of six mixed-breed rabbits. Methods: A device to guide the endotracheal tube was designed based on computed tomography images and then manufactured using 3D printing. Rabbits were randomly assigned for intubation by two inexperienced veterinarians using the blind (BLI), borescope- (BOR) or device- (DEV) guided techniques. Success rate, number of attempts, time to success, injury scores and propofol dose were recorded and compared. Significance was considered when p < 0.05. Results: Success rate was higher in DEV (58.3%) than in BLI (8.3%) (p < 0.023), but not different from that in BOR (41.6%). Total time until successful intubation was lower in DEV (45 ± 23 seconds) and BOR (85 ± 62 seconds) than in BLI (290 seconds; p < 0.006). Time for the successful attempt was lower for DEV (35 ± 10 seconds) and BOR (74 ± 43 seconds) than in BLI (290 seconds; p < 0.0001). The propofol dose required was lower for DEV (2.3 ± 1.2 mg kg–1) than for BLI (3.4 ± 1.6 mg kg–1) (p < 0.031), but not different from BOR (2.4 ± 0.9 mg kg–1). Number of attempts and oxygen desaturation events were not different among techniques (p < 0.051 and p < 0.326, respectively). Injury scores [median (range)] before and after attempts were different in BLI [0 versus 1 (0–3), p < 0.005] and BOR [0 (0–1) versus 1 (0–3), p < 0.002] but not in DEV [0 (0–2) versus 0 (0–3), p < 0.109]. Conclusions and clinical relevance: The device facilitated orotracheal intubation with a time similar to the borescope-guided technique but faster than the traditional blind technique.Fil: Nejamkin, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Clausse, María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Landivar, María Florencia. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Lorenzutti, Augusto Matías. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad José Sanchez Labrador S. J. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad José Sanchez Labrador S. J.; ArgentinaFil: Cavilla, María Verónica. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Viviani, Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Luis Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: del Sole, Maria Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentin

Documenting Downloadable Assistive Technologies

This major research project explores Downloadable Assistive Technologies (DAT) and the possibilities as well as the limitations of publishing and fabricating DAT through online 3D printing communities. A design probe was used for this research within the context of Thingiverse, in the form of a 3D printed dog wheelchair design probe – the FiGO Dog Wheelchair. FiGO enabled an exploration of issues of design and communication of DAT. Through research involving both end users as well as a health professional, as well as interactions within the FiGO project page on Thingiverse, criteria for communicating DAT published on Thingiverse were developed, and a second FiGO project page reflecting these criteria was prototyped and evaluated. It is concluded that DAT could potentially benefit most greatly from a structured set of guidelines of use and communication of risks in the form of a design brief, and that there are specific considerations to developing a meaningful design brief for DAT including: 1) Tell the story of the design, 2) Do not make assumptions about the end user, 3) Clear instruction about the design use, 4) Inclusion of source files to enable user participation and extension of the design

Modelo impresso em 3D usado num planeamento cirúrgico de um cão com radius curvus

An 8 month-old, 10 kg male Azawakh dog was presented due to worsening forelimb gait and exercise intolerance. The right forelimb presented gross angular limb deformity with carpal valgus and radial procurvatum. Surgical planning based on radiographs allowed calculation of the centers of rotation and angularity (CORAs). The computer tomography data were used to generate 3D reconstructions of the antebrachium to aid the detection of the orthopaedic problems. With proper imaging software, the nature of the deformity and its degree were quantified using a previously unreported method based on the CORAs as a 3D printed model of anatomical area of interest. This 3D printed model was used by the surgeon to simulate the surgery with all orthopaedic steps, which included a partial ulna osteotomy and a double cuneiform osteotomy of the radius performed at the level of CORAs and stabilized with bone plates and screws. After 7 weeks, radiographs revealed bone union. At 8 months after surgery the animal presented a complete recovery of the involved forelimb. CORAs method combined with computed tomography and 3D model was useful to plan and simulate surgical procedures, including the corrective surgery of forelimb deformities in a dog which improved the surgical efficiency comparatively to the conventional pre-operative study.Um cão com 8 meses de idade, 10kg de peso vivo, macho da raça Azawakh foi apresentado à clínica devido à intolerância ao exercício e agravamento da marcha do membro anterior. O membro anterior direito apresentou uma deformidade angular com valgus carpal e com um procarvatum radial. O planeamento cirúrgico inicialmente baseado em exames radiográficos possibilitou o cálculo dos centros de rotação e angulação articulares (CORAs). O exame de tomografia computadorizada foi utilizado juntamente com um software de imagiologia para obter o modelo 3D virtual da área anatómica de interesse que foi posteriormente impresso em 3D e que permitiu quantificar micrometricamente a deformação óssea presente. Este modelo 3D foi utilizado pelos cirurgiões para executar uma simulação cirúrgica completa que englobou todos os procedimentos cirúrgicos, que incluiu a realização de várias osteotomias e aplicação do material cirúrgico (placas e parafusos). Com base na simulação cirúrgica foi executada a cirurgia ao animal. Decorridas sete semanas, as radiografias demonstraram uma correta regeneração óssea. Oito meses após a cirurgia o animal apresentou uma recuperação completa. O método dos CORAs juntamente com a tomografia computadorizada e com a utilização do modelo 3D revelou-se útil no planeamento e na simulação dos vários procedimentos cirúrgicos, resultando numa melhoria significativa da eficiência cirúrgica

Evaluation of lameness detection using radar sensing in ruminants

Background: Lameness is a major health, welfare and production-limiting condition for the livestock industries. The current ‘gold-standard’ method of assessing lameness by visual locomotion scoring is subjective and time consuming, whereas recent technological advancements have enabled the development of alternative and more objective methods for its detection. Methods: This study evaluated a novel lameness detection method using micro-Doppler radar signatures to categorise animals as lame or non-lame. Animals were visually scored by veterinarian and radar data were collected for the same animals. Results: A machine learning algorithm was developed to interpret the radar signatures and provide automatic classification of the animals. Using veterinary scoring as a standard method, the classification by radar signature provided 85 per cent sensitivity and 81 per cent specificity for cattle and 96 per cent sensitivity and 94 per cent specificity for sheep. Conclusion: This radar sensing method shows promise for the development of a highly functional, rapid and reliable recognition tool of lame animals, which could be integrated into automatic, on-farm systems for sheep and cattle

Innovative Tool for Automatic Detection of Arterial Stenosis on Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Arterial stenosis is one of the main vascular diseases that are treated with minimally invasive surgery approaches. The aim of this study was to provide a tool to support the medical doctor in planning endovascular surgery, allowing the rapid detection of stenotic vessels and the quantification of the stenosis. Skeletonization was used to improve vessels’ visualization. The distance transform was used to obtain a linear representation of the diameter of critical vessels selected by the user. The system also provides an estimate of the exact distance between landmarks on the vascular tree and the occlusion, important information that can be used in the planning of the surgery. The advantage of the proposed tool is to lead the examination on the linear representation of the chosen vessels that are free from tortuous vascular courses and from vessel crossings

ORED Communicator - May 2015

The May 2015 issue of the Office of Research and Economic Development newsletter.https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/research_newsletter/1019/thumbnail.jp

Fluorescence-guided surgical system using holographic display: From phantom studies to canine patients

SIGNIFICANCE: Holographic display technology is a promising area of research that can lead to significant advancements in cancer surgery. We present the benefits of combining bioinspired multispectral imaging technology with holographic goggles for fluorescence-guided cancer surgery. Through a series of experiments with 43D-printed phantoms, small animal models of cancer, and surgeries on canine patients with head and neck cancer, we showcase the advantages of this holistic approach. AIM: The aim of our study is to demonstrate the feasibility and potential benefits of utilizing holographic display for fluorescence-guided surgery through a series of experiments involving 3D-printed phantoms and canine patients with head and neck cancer. APPROACH: We explore the integration of a bioinspired camera with a mixed reality headset to project fluorescent images as holograms onto a see-through display, and we demonstrate the potential benefits of this technology through benchtop and RESULTS: Our complete imaging and holographic display system showcased improved delineation of fluorescent targets in phantoms compared with the 2D monitor display approach and easy integration into the veterinarian surgical workflow. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our findings, it is evident that our comprehensive approach, which combines a bioinspired multispectral imaging sensor with holographic goggles, holds promise in enhancing the presentation of fluorescent information to surgeons during intraoperative scenarios while minimizing disruptions

ORED Communicator - November 2017

The November 2017 issue of the Office of Research and Economic Development newsletter.https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/research_newsletter/1050/thumbnail.jp

Trypanosoma brucei brucei invasion and T-cell infiltration of the brain parenchyma in experimental sleeping sickness: timing and correlation with functional changes

Background: The timing of Trypanosoma brucei entry into the brain parenchyma to initiate the second, meningoencephalitic stage of human African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is currently debated and even parasite invasion of the neuropil has been recently questioned. Furthermore, the relationship between neurological features and disease stage are unclear, despite the important diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Methodology: Using a rat model of chronic Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection we determined the timing of parasite and T-cell neuropil infiltration and its correlation with functional changes. Parasite DNA was detected using trypanosome-specific PCR. Body weight and sleep structure alterations represented by sleep-onset rapid eye movement (SOREM) periods, reported in human and experimental African trypanosomiasis, were monitored. The presence of parasites, as well as CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in the neuropil was assessed over time in the brain of the same animals by immunocytochemistry and quantitative analyses. Principal findings: Trypanosome DNA was present in the brain at day 6 post-infection and increased more than 15-fold by day 21. Parasites and T-cells were observed in the parenchyma from day 9 onwards. Parasites traversing blood vessel walls were observed in the hypothalamus and other brain regions. Body weight gain was reduced from day 7 onwards. SOREM episodes started in most cases early after infection, with an increase in number and duration after parasite neuroinvasion. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate invasion of the neuropil over time, after an initial interval, by parasites and lymphocytes crossing the blood-brain barrier, and show that neurological features can precede this event. The data thus challenge the current clinical and cerebrospinal fluid criteria of disease staging