12,227 research outputs found
Concurrent Lexicalized Dependency Parsing: The ParseTalk Model
A grammar model for concurrent, object-oriented natural language parsing is
introduced. Complete lexical distribution of grammatical knowledge is achieved
building upon the head-oriented notions of valency and dependency, while
inheritance mechanisms are used to capture lexical generalizations. The
underlying concurrent computation model relies upon the actor paradigm. We
consider message passing protocols for establishing dependency relations and
ambiguity handling.Comment: 90kB, 7pages Postscrip
Concurrent Lexicalized Dependency Parsing: A Behavioral View on ParseTalk Events
The behavioral specification of an object-oriented grammar model is
considered. The model is based on full lexicalization, head-orientation via
valency constraints and dependency relations, inheritance as a means for
non-redundant lexicon specification, and concurrency of computation. The
computation model relies upon the actor paradigm, with concurrency entering
through asynchronous message passing between actors. In particular, we here
elaborate on principles of how the global behavior of a lexically distributed
grammar and its corresponding parser can be specified in terms of event type
networks and event networks, resp.Comment: 68kB, 5pages Postscrip
New Methods, Current Trends and Software Infrastructure for NLP
The increasing use of `new methods' in NLP, which the NeMLaP conference
series exemplifies, occurs in the context of a wider shift in the nature and
concerns of the discipline. This paper begins with a short review of this
context and significant trends in the field. The review motivates and leads to
a set of requirements for support software of general utility for NLP research
and development workers. A freely-available system designed to meet these
requirements is described (called GATE - a General Architecture for Text
Engineering). Information Extraction (IE), in the sense defined by the Message
Understanding Conferences (ARPA \cite{Arp95}), is an NLP application in which
many of the new methods have found a home (Hobbs \cite{Hob93}; Jacobs ed.
\cite{Jac92}). An IE system based on GATE is also available for research
purposes, and this is described. Lastly we review related work.Comment: 12 pages, LaTeX, uses nemlap.sty (included
Multi-agent systems for power engineering applications - part 2 : Technologies, standards and tools for building multi-agent systems
This is the second part of a 2-part paper that has arisen from the work of the IEEE Power Engineering Society's Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) Working Group. Part 1 of the paper examined the potential value of MAS technology to the power industry, described fundamental concepts and approaches within the field of multi-agent systems that are appropriate to power engineering applications, and presented a comprehensive review of the power engineering applications for which MAS are being investigated. It also defined the technical issues which must be addressed in order to accelerate and facilitate the uptake of the technology within the power and energy sector. Part 2 of the paper explores the decisions inherent in engineering multi-agent systems for applications in the power and energy sector and offers guidance and recommendations on how MAS can be designed and implemented. Given the significant and growing interest in this field, it is imperative that the power engineering community considers the standards, tools, supporting technologies and design methodologies available to those wishing to implement a MAS solution for a power engineering problem. The paper describes the various options available and makes recommendations on best practice. It also describes the problem of interoperability between different multi-agent systems and proposes how this may be tackled
Applying inspection to object-oriented software
The benefits of the object-oriented paradigmare widely cited. At the same time, inspection is deemed to be the most cost-effective means of detecting defects in software products. Why then, is there no published experience, let alone quantitative data, on the application of inspection to object-oriented systems? We describe the facilities of the object-oriented paradigm and the issues that these raise when inspecting object-oriented code. Several problems are caused by the disparity between the static code structure and its dynamic runtime behaviour. The large number of small methods in object-oriented systems can also cause problems. We then go on to describe three areas which may help mitigate problems found. Firstly, the use of various programming methods may assist in making object-oriented code easier to inspect. Secondly, improved program documentation can help the inspector understand the code which is under inspection. Finally, tool support can help the inspector to analyse the dynamic behaviour of the code. We conclude that while both the object-oriented paradigm and inspection provide excellent benefits on their own, combining the two may be a difficult exercise, requiring extensive support if it is to be successful
GATE -- an Environment to Support Research and Development in Natural Language Engineering
We describe a software environment to support research and development in natural language (NL) engineering. This environment -- GATE (General Architecture for Text Engineering) -- aims to advance research in the area of machine processing of natural languages by providing a software infrastructure on top of which heterogeneous NL component modules may be evaluated and refined individually or may be combined into larger application systems. Thus, GATE aims to support both researchers and developers working on component technologies (e.g. parsing, tagging, morphological analysis) and those working on developing end-user applications (e.g. information extraction, text summarisation, document generation, machine translation, and second language learning). GATE will promote reuse of component technology, permit specialisation and collaboration in large-scale projects, and allow for the comparison and evaluation of alternative technologies. The first release of GATE is now available
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